Uas sib raug rau A4 loj?

Txhua txhua hnub, peb txhua tus muaj mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntawv sau, cov phau ntawv Magazine kov, muaj xov xwm los yog typing cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tshuab hluav taws xob daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv nqa tawm no niaj hnub ua teeb meem, peb tsis xav txog qhov luaj li cas ntawm ib daim ntawv uas yog pom, thiab tsis tau kuv xav yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd, thiab hais tias feem ntau txhais tau tias zoo-paub A4 loj?! Cia peb kawm saib, dab tsi yog qhov hom.

A4 loj daim ntawv

A4 - yog ib tug zoo-paub ntawv loj, me nyuam los tu ntawm ib tug niaj hnub metric ISO-216 txheem. A4 loj yog 21 cm * 29,7. Kawm cov qhov tseem ceeb yog yooj yim: tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau - qhov no daim kab xev ntsuas (ruler), thiab ncaj qha rau daim ntawv. Zoo, yog vim li cas twb xaiv cov ntaub ntawv loj thiab yog vim li cas xws precision mus rau lub millimeter - wb sim kom to taub.

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tag nrho cov ci ntsa iab - yooj yim! A4 loj twb tsim kom tau hais tias yog koj txiav nws nyob rau hauv ib nrab, uas koj tau txais ob halves zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau tus thawj loj. Rau cov thawj version ntawm lub painting twb npaum li cas los ntawm ib tug thaj tsam ntawm 1 square Meter (thiab yog hais tias nws puas raws nraim li ob tog 118,9 centimeters (ntev) * 84.1 centimeters, thiab tag nrho cov paub qhov ntev -. Nws yog lub derivatives, muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug tej yam hom ntawv li ntawd, piv txwv li, yog tias lub hom ntawv A0 muab faib nyob rau hauv ib nrab, peb tau rau ob daim ntawv tawm tswv A1, thiab lwm yam li ntawd, tus ntawv loj A4 - A3 yog ib nrab ntawm daim ntawv nrog ib tug tsis tu ncua nam ratio, uas yog piav los ntawm Lichtenberg ratio.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, xws li ib tug me caij hom standardization coj mus rau lub neej ib co tseeb hais tias, ntawm chav kawm, cuam tshuam ntawm txhua theem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Early xyoo pua xeem, niaj hnub ntau thiab tsawg pab rau cov lag luam cov ntaub ntawv, cov tsiaj ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv twb tsis. Txhua Hoobkas specializing nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso tawm ntawm daim ntawv, qhov luaj li cas ua rau koj tus kheej, thiab qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau ib tug tseem ceeb txaav mus rau lub hnub turnover ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 1768, G. Lichtenberg (German tus paub txog) qhia tias ib daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv, tus nam piv ntawm cov uas muaj peev xwm yuav tuaj raws li chav nyob uas muaj feem rau square hauv paus ntawm ob tug, yuav muaj ib tug loj ntawm 2 tib yam voos (yog pre-daim ntau quav tso nyob rau hauv ib nrab). Lwm German mathematician (V.Portsmann), raws li nyob rau hauv no lub tswv yim, npaj siab ua lub hauv paus rau standardization ntawm daim ntawv ntau thiab tsawg. Thiab ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab kuv muaj rau tag nrho cov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, thiab tom qab lub ntiaj teb no hloov mus uniform qauv.

Liaj teb ntawm daim ntawv thov

Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam ntawm tawm tswv yim, thiab txawm tag nrho ntawm lub series. Ib txhia tsis tshua muaj siv, thaum lwm tus uas nrees nyob hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub. Undoubtedly, feem ntau nrov yog qhov luaj li cas ntawm A4. Nws kuj xa mus rau raws li lub tshuab luam ntawv ntawv, chaw ua hauj lwm ntawv, ib txwm los yog txheej txheem. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias tus loj yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, nws yog tus txheej txheem rau tus cwj pwm ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm accounting cov ntaub ntawv, printing thiab typing. Ntxiv mus, kev luam ntawv yog feem ntau siv raws li nws yog A4 loj. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv, kev cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam Nws hnov raws nraim hom ntawv no.

Ntawv loj thiab margins

Oddly txaus, tab sis nws yog ib qhov cheeb tsam tau tus loj tshaj tej yam nyob rau lub neej nyob rau hauv dav dav thiab kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv particular, nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm ntawm technology tshiab thiab computers. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm luam tawm ua hauj lwm cia li hluav taws xob versions, thiab nyob rau hauv A4 hom. A4 daim ntawv loj yog 210 * 297 hli.

Khaws nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias thaum ua hauj lwm nrog computer programs rau typing yog tsim nyog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, mus saib daim ntawv qhov loj thiab cov margins, raws li ib co sib txawv txawm hais tias koj teem lub "neej ntawd hais".

Installation thiab luaj li cas ntawm lub teb tswj los ntawm GOST tswv yim pom zoo thiab yuav tsum ua raws li cov nram qab no qhov tseem ceeb (yam tsawg kawg nkaus):

• sab laug, sab saum toj, hauv qab margins - 20 mm;
• txoj cai ntug - 10 hli.

txheem Diam duab ncej

Ntas nyob ntev ua ntej cov emergence ntawm cov duab lawv tus kheej. Txawm li cas los, lawv muaj ib tug me ntsis txawv hom phiaj thiab ua hauj lwm pab ua kom pom cov artistic hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab. Lawv ua los ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov khoom-ntoo muaj rau kub thiab precious pob zeb ncej. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov duab tshwm, muaj tsis muaj teeb meem nrog rau txoj kev nws yuav txheej txheem. Thiab nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev yuav muaj nyob tsis muaj ib daim duab dai rau ntawm phab ntsa los yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub rooj nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo nkauj ncej.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm photography kev lag luam tau tsim thiab zoo tag nrho zus tau tej cov ntas. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm loj heev ntoo thiab hlau tuaj ib qho yooj yim, qab thiab tsis muaj tsawg zog thiab check yas khoom, hlau alloys, iav thiab thiaj li nyob. Lawv siv thiab ua thiab siv los ua ntau ntau. Tab sis txawm qhov no, nyob rau hauv tej ces kaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kev cai nyob rau hauv tib lub. Yog li, qhov ntev ntawm tus ncej sib haum mus rau A4 loj ntaub ntawm tib yam loj nrog ib co kam rau ua, thiab tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv ob lub versions: 20 cm 30 cm 21 cm 30 cm.

xaus

Zoo-paub thoob ntiaj teb daim ntawv (ISO) cov qauv muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm series (nrog subcategories therein) obschestandartizirovannyh ntau thiab tsawg pab. Tab sis qhov tseem nrov hom ntawv rau cov hnub no yog lub loj ntawm A4. Sau qhov no hom ntawv yog kev txhawb los ntawm tag nrho cov, tsis muaj kev zam, tus qauv printers. A4 loj (210 * 297 cm) - universal standard thiab feem ntau nquag siv daim ntawv hom ntawv, ob lub cev (luam) thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob version. Paub nws tsis, koj yuav yeej ib txwm muaj tseeb thiab thwj ua txhua yam hauj lwm.