Yuam - yog dab tsi? Npaj ntawm glucocorticosteroids: indications, contraindications

Yuam - yog dab tsi? Tsim cortex ntawm adrenal cov tshuaj hormones thiab hluavtaws tshuaj pab pawg neeg nrog ntau yam zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob yog muab lub npe. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub lawv sau tseg raws li steroids. Cov tau tshuaj pleev daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tau significantly txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hom mob tshwm sim. Synthetic glucocorticoids inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm o nyob rau hauv lub cev.

hom glucocorticosteroids

Glucocorticoids, xws li cortisol, cortisone thiab corticosterone - tej yam ntuj tso steroid cov tshuaj hormones ntawm lub adrenal cortex. Lawv lub ntsiab tso zis nyob rau hauv raws li lub circadian atherosclerosis. Ib tug loj dua tus xov tooj yog faib nyob rau txhawb kev xav tau ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj hormones. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm progesterone nyob rau hauv lub beam thiab ib tug Mesh txheej ntawm cov adrenal cortex. Cov ntshav yog thauj los ntawm transcortin. Glucocorticoids ua ntawm intracellular receptors. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv carbohydrates, cov nqaijrog thiab nqaijrog. Cov tshuaj hormones kuj inhibit qhov kev inflammatory dab, hu li ntawd anti-inflammatory steroids. Lawv yuav tsum tau los mus kov yeej lub loj heev kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev.

Synthetic ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov cov tshuaj hormones

Khoom cua tshuaj steriods kho - yog dab tsi? Raws li kho cov neeg ua hauj siv glucocorticoids (corticosteroids), hluavtaws, peb paub colloquially raws li ib tug steroid. Lawv muaj zoo lub dag lub zog anti-inflammatory kev ua si tshaj lub ntuj tebchaw.

Nyob rau hauv pharmacological txoj kev kho - tsuas yog raws li anti-inflammatory siv tshuaj, tsawg kawg yog - raws li ib tug anti-tsis haum thiab immunosuppressive tshuaj siv steroids. Lawv siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm tus nais khu thaum adrenal insufficiency. Lawv lub ntsiab txiav txim yog inhibition ntawm inflammatory tshua, piv txwv li. E. Nyob rau hauv thaiv cov hlab phospholipase A _2, uas ua rau yus txo zus tau tej cov inflammatory kev sib kho.

Raws li txoj cai, tus qauv koob ntawm cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv lawm txoj kev kho uas tsis ua cov tsos ntawm kev phiv loj heev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom koj noj cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib ntau npaum nyob rau hauv raws li cov physiological atherosclerosis ntawm cortisol secretion nyob rau hauv lub cev, uas yog, nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub hnub. Glucocorticosteroid txoj kev kho yuav lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo yuav txo tau nyob rau hauv lub koob muab cov tshuaj hormones rau ntawm lub dhau theem ntawm kev kho mob (yuav tsum tsis txhob Atrophy ntawm lub adrenal cortex).

Yuam yuav tsum muab hais ntawm ncauj, thiab mob tej yam kev mob (nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug kev hem thawj rau lub neej) - nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kev txhaj tshuaj los yog Txoj kev lis ntshav intravenously. Lawv siv yuav tsum tau tswj, piv txwv li. E. Siv tsuas yog thaum muaj kom meej meej hais tseg los ntawm no pov thawj, noj mus rau hauv tus account lub tau tshwm sim. Koob yuav tsum tau xaiv ib lub zuj zus rau txhua tus neeg mob, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov nyob rau hauv lub heev ntawm tus kab mob no.

Yuam siv nyob rau hauv dermatology

Adrenocortical cov tshuaj hormones muaj anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive thiab antipruritic nyhuv. Lawv yog lug siv nyob rau hauv dermatology rau daim tawv nqaij kab mob. Tshuaj pleev steroids - cov neeg ua hauj muaj feem xyuam rau lub feem ntau siv tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm dermatological kab mob. Lawv yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv kev nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm:

• eczema;
• dermatitis;
• erythema.

Tshuaj pleev nrog glucocorticosteroids siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm psoriasis. Tsis tas li ntawd rau qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob o thiab khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij thov tshuaj kua, cream, muab tshuaj pleev. Kua muaj steroids pom zoo rau kev siv nyob rau saum tawv taub hau. Raws li nrog tas mus li kev kho mob, thiab nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob, siv cov tshuaj cov neeg ua hauj, nws yog preferable siv cov weaker tshuaj (tiv thaiv kev mob tshwm sim).

Cov tshuaj steriods kho nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov pa system

Hormonal ua hauj lawm ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm bronchial o muaj lub feem ntau txaus ntshai nyhuv. Tom qab lawv cov kev taw qhia yog ib tug txo mucosal edema thiab hnoos qeev secretion, restores qub bronchial epithelium. Introduction ntawm steriods kho nyob rau hauv lub cev cheeb qhov uas cov lig theem ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj, raws li zoo raws li ntau zog bronchial teb. paub qhov txawv:

1. Cov tshuaj steriods kho nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm nqus tau pa anesthetics. Lawv yog cov feem ntau nyiam daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov mob hawb pob.
2. Corticosteroids, siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau hauv cov ntshav system. Qhov no hom yog siv tsuas yog rau cov mob loj heev mob hawb pob thaum lwm cov kev kho txoj kev tau ua tsis tau tejyam.
3. Cov tshuaj steriods kho rau qhov ncauj thawj coj tej zaum kuj yuav siv tau rau short-term kev kho mob thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm exacerbations.

Cov tshuaj steriods kho nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob rheumatoid

Txoj kev siv rau tshwj kom txhob rheumatism, yog Steriods. Yuav ua li cas yog nws, thiab yog dab tsi tshuaj siv los kho rheumatism, coj ib tug los ze zog saib. Rheumatoid kab mob no yog txwv nyob rau hauv txoj kev kho mob. Steroid tshuaj tej zaum yuav tsuas yog siv rau ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam ces ua npaws (thaum lub sij hawm ua kom ntawm tus kab mob). Tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no kuj siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm o ntawm lub pob qij txha ntawm cov nqaj qaum. Glucocorticosteroids nrog rau feem ntau ntau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob rheumatic:

• prednisone, prednisolone, yam tsawg kawg - deksamitazon (p.o.);
• metilprednizon, betamethasone.

Glucocorticoids thiab lawv muaj nqis nyob rau Hematological kab mob

Glucocorticoids (cortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm feem ntau siv immunosuppressive tshuaj rau cov kab mob ntawm lub hematopoietic system. Nws pathogenesis yog tau inflammatory tshua thiab autoimmune phenomena. Prednisone, thiab nyob rau hauv loj heev zaum - metilprednizon yog siv intravenously nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm anemia txuam nrog thrombocytopenia. Yuam yuav tsum siv nrog ib tug propensity rau los ntshav, raws li lawv ua rau ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv platelet suav.

Cov tshuaj steriods kho nrog adrenal insufficiency

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kab mob "hypoadrenalism" siv hluavtaws glucocorticosteroids. Yuav ua li cas yog nws, dab tsi cov tsos mob manifest lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv kab mob? Nws yog feem ntau hais txog poob zus tau tej cov corticoid cov tshuaj hormones (Addison tus kab mob). Corticosteroids yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm mob los yog mob adrenal insufficiency. Vim hais tias ntawm cov tshuaj - cortisol (los yog gidrokortizol).

Glucocorticosteroids nrog kev tsis haum tshuaj

Nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj no kuj siv steroids. Tej kev kho mob tej zaum yuav nqa tawm ntawm ntsis cov tsos mob ntawm raws caij nyoog tsis haum rhinitis, conjunctivitis thiab urticaria los yog nrog inflammatory tshua txog rau kab tom. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tsis tshua mob heev ntawm anaphylactic tshua yog feem ntau yog siv, hydrocortisone (200 mg i.v.) los yog prednisolone (20 mg intravenously). Thiab cov feem ntau nrov tshuaj, noj ib tug txias, ua rau ua xua yog: flunisolid thiab fluticasone, uas pab ib tug ntau ceev tshem tawm ntawm qhov ntswg congestion.

Cov tshwm sim los ntawm steriods kho

Ntau tshua tshwm sim vim qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb thiab lub metabolism thaum coj adrenocortical cov tshuaj hormones. Cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phiv tsub kom thaum cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no yog siv rau ib ntev lub sij hawm los yog thaum muaj kev kub koob tshuaj. Lawv hom, zaus thiab qhov nyob ntawm seb mus rau lub loj tshaj raws li nyob rau hauv lub hom tshuaj.

Ntawm tshwm sim los ntawm corticosteroids yog:

• lub nce ntawm cov ntshav piam thaj (steroids yuav tsis tau insulin txiav txim);
• kev raug mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib;
• kev raug mob ntawm pais plab rwj thiab duodenal rwj;
• txha thiab tseg txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam;
• Cushing tus syndrome;
• hlwb kev ntshawv siab (insomnia, mus ob peb vas viav vias, manic-kev nyuaj siab, schizophrenia);
• qaug dab peg nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau qaug dab peg;
• adrenal insufficiency;
• tawg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, siv ntawm glucocorticoid tshuaj nyob rau hauv loj koob tshuaj txhawb kev Candidiasis ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, qhov ncauj qhuav, txhaws qa, hnoos, los ntshav ntawm txheej week.