Yuav ua li cas thiaj li yog: "hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw" lossis "xav"? Nyob rau ib co subtleties ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus

Cov lus Lavxias muaj tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo keeb kwm. Qee cov lus hais tias peb, tsis muaj hesitation, siv nyob rau hauv txhua txhua hnub lub neej, thaum pib kev soj ntsuam yuav zoo li tsis paub los yog txawm coj txawv txawv. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws kawm lus Askiv los piav seb vim li cas ib tug yawg zaum saum lub phab ntsa, thiab lub vase ntawm ib lub rooj sawv. Nws kuj tseem nco qab tias yuav hais li cas: muab tso rau ib lub tsho loj los yog hnav ris tsho, mloog tsis hnov tsw los yog hnov. Zoo, cov kab lus "yog tsis yog, tsis ncaj ncees" thiab tau ua ib qho piv txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab logic. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb tham txog yuav hais li cas: "hnov ntxhiab hnov lossis xav."

Tsis tsuas yog lub East, tab sis kuj yog cov lus yog ib qho teeb meem muag heev

Txoj hauj lwm yog qhov nyuaj. Nws qhia meej meej tias yuav ua li cas thiaj li hais tau: "tsis hnov ntxhiab los hnov," tsis yog txhua tus neeg tau txais kev pabcuam. Feem ntau, rau qhov txhais ntawm kev nyuaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab, ib tug yuav tsum tig rau dictionaries, reference books thiab txawm tias cov khoom ntawm lwm yam lus. Tshwj xeeb, ntau tus neeg nug lawv tus kheej li cas, raws li cov cai ntawm Lavxias - "tsw hnov tsw los yog xav"?

Txhua lub teb chaws muaj ib daim duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb, uas nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los sis lwm yam yog qhov kev xav hauv lub cim ntawm cov cim. Tab sis lub system nws tus kheej muaj cov kev cai sab hauv thiab nws tus kheej logic. Tsis yog peb ua lus, tab sis nws kuj yog peb.

Yuav kom nkag siab qhov txawv ntawm cov kab zauv "hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw los sis hnov lus," nws tsis tas yuav tig mus rau dictionaries tam sim ntawd. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas pom tau tias qhov lus qhia "hnov" txhais tau hais tias ntau lub cev muaj peev xwm los paub txog lub suab, thiab qhov qhia txog "xav tias" qhia txog lub xeev siab.

Peb pom lub ntiaj teb sab nraud nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev, vim peb tus ntxhiab siab sib cuam tshuam nrog txhua lwm yam. Yog li, nyob rau hauv nrag muaj kub thiab txias ntxoov ntxoo, suab paj nruag - hnyav melodies, thiab lwm yam. Vim tias qee zaus peb xav hais tias peb hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw, lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov txheej txheem ntawm kev xaav ntawm qhov no los yog qhov tsw.

Cov lus, zoo ib yam li cov neeg, yuav tsis haum ua ke

Lo lus "kev muaj nqis" yog paub txog ntau tus neeg txawm tias los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj zaum. Yog li hauv chemistry, lub peev xwm ntawm ib qho khoom siv mus khi rau lwm tus qauv hu ua. Tab sis cov lus, txawm hais tias ntau nplua mias ntawm cov nqe lus thiab cov lus uas seemingly tsis muaj logic, qhov tseeb yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke uas tsim nyog.

Hauv kev kawm lus Askiv, txhais tau hais tias muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tus neeg token ua ke nrog lwm cov lus. Piv txwv, peb hais tias "txoj kev nyias", "thin path", tab sis "nyias tus neeg". Semantically, lo lus "hloov maj mam" yog zoo dua qub nrog tej khoom lossis qhov ntawm lub cev, tab sis tib neeg tsis hais txog tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg nto moo ntawm A. Chekhov, ib tug ntawm cov phooj ywg hu ua nyias, thiab tsis nyias, vim hais tias qhov no ua cim, tsis zoo li nws tus phooj ywg "rog", poob nws tus kheej thiab kev hwm, hloov mus rau hauv ib tug servile flatterer.

Chekhov siv lub epithet "subtle" lub hom phiaj, los ua qhov piav qhia ntau siab ntsws. Tab sis qee zaus peb ua qee zaus yuam kev, vim hais tias ntxiv rau cov qauv ntawm cov lus sau tseg, kuj muaj lus hais, uas feem ntau mus tshaj qhov qub. Yog li, yuav kom nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas thiaj li hais, "Kuv hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw los yog xav tias," koj yuav tsum tig mus rau phau ntawv txhais lus thiab phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm cov lus hais ntawm cov lus Lavxias. Zoo, qhov logic ntawm constructing cov nqe lus tau hais saum toj no.

Cov lus dictionaries hais li cas

Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua. Ob hom no yeej muaj sib luag - "hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw" thiab "hnia". Qhov no tuaj yeem tshawb pom tseeb los ntawm phau ntawv txhais lus DS. Ushakov.

Txawm li cas los xij, txij xyoo pua-nrab xyoo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm hom lus tau hloov me ntsis thiab tam sim no qhov tseeb tsuas yog cov qauv sau ntawv yog ua ke ntawm "tsw". Nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no tias qhov kev qhia no yog tuaj sawv cev hauv phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm cov lus sib thooj, luam tawm xyoo 1983 los ntawm Lav Xias Lub Tsev Lis Lus. A.S. Pushkin. Thaum lub sijhawm no nws yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm no.

Meanwhile, nyob rau hauv ib tug "cus ciav" hais lus ...

Linguists yog koom nrog kev kho, piav txog thiab ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov qauv kev cai. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li xyoo 1983, muaj 30 xyoo dhau los, thiab cov lus tau hloov qee yam, vim hais tias nws pheej ua thiab tsis muaj zog. Nrog kev txhim kho tus neeg cov qauv kev noj haus, perfumery kev lag luam yog ua kom zoo dua, cov hom tshiab ntawm cov ntsuj plig tshwm, cov khw tshwj xeeb qhib, thiab lwm yam.

Vim li ntawd, tam sim no peb pom tau hais tias qhov "hnov cov ntxhiab tsw" tsis tau ploj kiag li, tab sis tau mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov kws paub hauj lwm. Perfumers tsis xav txog seb koj puas xav hnov qhov tsis hnov tsw los yog hnov. Tom qab tag nrho, rau lawv, ntsuj plig yog ib hom suab paj nruag ntawm lub cev, ib hom lus tshwj xeeb ntawm kev xav thiab kev ntshaw.

Yog li, yog tias koj tsis paub, hnov lossis hnov tsw naj hoom, ces koj tuaj yeem siv ob nqe lus no hauv kev sib txuas lus. Hauv kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub, qhov no yuav tsis yog qhov yuam kev. Tseeb, hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog tias lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ke, ib qho kev ua neej ua ke yuav tsum tseem siv. Yog tias nws tsis hnov tsw, ces txhua lub sijhawm koj yuav tsum tau siv qhov qhia "xav".

Nrog rau lwm yam kev ua tau lo lus "tsis hnov tsw"

Ntxiv rau lo lus "xav" nrog lexemes "aroma", "tsis hnov tsw", cov lus nram qab no muaj tag nrho:

• Nqaij;
• Txoj kev hlub;
• Kom muaj;
• Luam tawm;
• Tsis txhob zam;
• Tsis txhob hloov.

Cov ntxhiab ntawm nws tus kheej tsis muaj peev xwm ua dab tsi / los ntawm qhov chaw mus cuag lossis nkag mus rau, thiab tseem yuav tau qhia txog ib yam dab tsi, kom nyiam lossis tsis nyiam.

Yuav ua li cas los txhais cov lus "tsw" hauv lwm yam lus

Interestingly, nyob rau hauv European hom lus nrog lo lus "tsis hnov tsw", dhau lawm, qhov qhia txog "kev xav" siv ntau zaus: fr. "Sentir", lus Askiv. "Xav". Muaj tseeb tiag, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg ntawm no yog tias tus British tsis xav txog kev hnov ntxhiab lossis hnov zoo, muaj lwm yam subtleties hauv lawv cov lus. Nco ntsoov tias txawm tus naas ej zaj nkauj ntawm Nirvana "Ntxhuav zoo li tus ntxhais hluas". Tom qab tag nrho, "tsis hnov tsw" txhais tias "sniffing", pom tias nws tsis hnov tsw. Yuav ua li cas yuav koj txhais rau Lavxias teb sab lus yog lub npe? Ib tug txhais lus txhais tsis tau, puas yog?

Nyob rau hauv Ukrainian muaj tib lub variants ntawm ob peb ua ke raws li nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. Tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm ntawm kev qhia ua "vidchuvati tsis hnov lus" hauv kev sib tham thiab kev sau nyiaj txiag, koj tuaj yeem pom cov kab lus "tsis hnov ntxhiab tsw" (lo lus "hnov qhov hnov tsw").

Tej zaum qhov kev xav rau perceive lub fragrances ntawm naj hoom li suab paj nruag yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau haiv neeg Slavic.

Yog li, ib lo lus teb tsis tshua meej meej rau lo lus nug tias qhov tseeb: hnov ntxhiab hnov lossis hnov zoo, tsis muaj nyob. Cov nom kev cai yog kev xaiv thib ob, tab sis thawj zaug tau txais kev sib txuas lus thiab kev hais lus.