Yuav ua li cas yog cov nyiaj ua se system yuav siv tau tus IP: USN, UAT, patent OCHO

Niaj hnub no, peb yog nrog koj los xyuas seb zoo li cas ntawm cov se system yuav siv IP. Ntxiv mus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los kuj to taub dab tsi lub scenario yog zoo tshaj plaws haum rau cov lag luam khiav lawv tus kheej tej xwm txheej. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub lag luam lo lus nug yog zoo txog rau se. Nyob ntawm seb koj ua si, nws yuav tau txais txiaj ntsim los ntawm ib tug kev kawm tuab si lug. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nws hloov tawm hais tias ib tug ntawm lub tshuab feem ntau siv. Yog vim li cas? Yuav ua li cas? Tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv. Kuv tsis xav hais tias nws yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim mus xaiv. Thiab txoj kev hloov los ntawm ib tug system mus rau lwm lub, nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li cov npe ntawm ib tug neeg raws li ib tug ua lag luam yuav tsum tau tej yam tej yam kev mob thiab cov txheej txheem. Lawv kuj yuav tsum tau nrhiav kom paub. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis xaiv ib co ntawm cov taxation system rau koj tus kheej!

nyuaj xaiv

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub qhov teeb meem ntawm cov se nyob rau hauv Russia yog tsis tshua muaj nyias. Nws plays ib tug zoo luag hauj lwm rau tej yam kev ua si. Thiab yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus pib koj lub lag luam, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog yuav ua li cas cov nyiaj ua se system yuav siv pis. Nws muab ib tug ntau ntawm kev xaiv. Ua ntej koj yuav koom nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm ua lag ua luam yuav tsum tau sau tseg precisely nrog rau lo lus nug ntawm cov se. Nws yog ua tau thiab tom qab, tab sis, yog hais tias koj saib xyuas ntawm nws nyob rau hauv ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau kev pab kom dim ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Los ntawm txoj kev, txhua txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv Russia rau tus IP system ntawm taxation tso kev hloov, thiab yog complemented los ntawm tej yam tshwj xeeb cov kev xaiv. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, muaj nyuam qhuav tau ua tswvcuab patents. Qhov no tshiab system, uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv zoo kawg thov nyob rau hauv tej lub sijhawm. Ntxiv txog nws tom qab. Xijpeem, koj paub - cov kev xaiv ntawm lub system ntawm kev them nyiaj ntawm cov se yog koj li. Nws tsis yog li ntawd yooj yooj yim li no mas. Weigh lub pros thiab cons ntawm txhua qhov system, thiab xwb ces ua ntaub ntawv thov cov ntaub ntawv SP (sau npe).

xaiv

Raws li twb tau hais, lub scenarios heev npaum li cas. Xav tias yuav ua li cas cov nyiaj ua se system yuav ntiav tus IP? Yuav kom muaj kev ncaj ncees, lo lus nug no yog ib qhov nyuaj. Yog hais tias koj tsis txhob mus rau hauv cov lus thiab subtleties ntawm cov nqe lus nug, lo lus teb yuav tsis yooj yim thiab tsis muaj teeb meem - ib yam.

Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tus neeg ua lag luam muaj tag nrho cov cai rau kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xaiv ntawm lub system ntawm taxation ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm lub ruaj. Los yog thaum twg lub sij hawm tom qab lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kev txwv muaj nyob, tab sis lawv yog tsis tau hais tias ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv xyaum. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj xav txog hais tias tam sim no raws li muaj ntau yam neeg ua lag luam no yog ua los.

Yog li ntawd yog dab tsi zoo ntawm cov se system yuav siv IP? Tsis ntev los no, daim ntawv teev cov kev xaiv muaj ntau zog. Thiab tam sim no ib tug ntawm cov tshuab yuav tsum xaiv nyob rau hauv Russia:

• tag nrho (OCHO);
• yooj yim zog (USN, "Yooj yim zog taxation");
• patent;
• ib cov nyiaj ua se rau imputed nyiaj khwv tau los (UTII "vmenenka");
• ib agricultural se (hu ua UAT).

Raws li twb tau hais, qhov kawm tuab si lug ntawm txhua tus yuav tau lawv tus kheej zoo thiab disadvantages. Ib txhia xaiv yog muab tso rau hauv kev xyaum ntau zaus. Tab sis dab tsi yuav cheem? Yuav ua li cas nta muaj raws li nram hom ntawm cov se tshuab rau IP? Nyob rau hauv tej zaum nws yog zoo dua mus pib ib lub lag luam rau ib co tswvyim? Yuav ua li cas yuav nws coj?

Zuag qhia tag nrho system

Peb pib nrog cov feem ntau pom tseeb thiab cov scenario. Qhov no yog hais tias tag nrho cov taxation system rau ib tug neeg ua lag luam - yog qhov tseem ceeb kev taw qhia, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xyaum. Raws li ib tug dav dav txoj cai, yog hais tias koj ntawm cov lus qhib ntawm ua lag ua luam tsis qhia kom meej muaj kev tshwj xeeb system, ces koj yog "neej ntawd hais", tag nrho cov suav nrog lub xeev yuav muaj nyob rau OCHO. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, ib tug zoo xaiv rau feem ntau cov kev ua ub. Tsis xav ib zaug dua delve rau hauv lub intricacies ntawm tsim, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia uas koj ua haujlwm. Tag nrho cov system, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj tsis muaj kev txwv. Hais tias yog, tej kws ua lag laum yog tau qhib nws tus kheej ua lag ua luam thiab nws yog rau no tswvyim mus ua hauj lwm txhua lub sij hawm.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov pros thiab cons yog raug rho tawm? Yog hais tias koj xav, yuav ua li cas cov nyiaj ua se system yuav siv IP, thiab ces txiav txim siab coj zoo lawm raws li cov kev, yuav tsum xyuam xim rau ntau yam. Cov qhov zoo - lub tsis muaj ib tug mob taub hau rau tus sau los ntawm cov kev tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv thaum qhib ib lub lag luam, thiab muaj cov tsis muaj kev txwv rau cov hom ntawm kev ua si. Qhov no haum ntau.

no kuj highlight qhov nyiaj ntawm cov se. Feem ntau, rau ib tug neeg ua lag luam nws yog teem loj heev, thiab tsau - 13% ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau. Rau cov koom haum uas muab mus rau "sawb" nyob rau hauv 20% ntawm koj cov nyiaj khwv.

disadvantages OCHO

Tsis yog txhua txhua profit los ntawm qhov kev xaiv no. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug vaj tse, cov se yuav tau them rau nws. Yog, thiab muaj tus thiaj li hu ua VAT - kev them nyiaj, koj yuav tsum tsim ib muag khoom thiab kev pab. Tam sim no teem rau "pluaj" nyob rau hauv 18%. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv OCHO siv ntau tshaj li txaus. Tej zaum txawm ib tug tsis tau, tsis profit.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov qhia yuav tsum nco ntsoov cia kom ib tug tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv hauv phau ntawv. Cov neeg ua lag luam, uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm lub OCHO thiab lub sij hawm tsis roos ib cov ntaub ntawv, yuav muaj cov loj loj teeb meem. Yog li ntawd, mus rau hauv tus account qhov no feature yog tseem tsim nyog, yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab mus nrhiav seb yog dab tsi zoo ntawm cov se system yuav siv IP, raws li zoo raws li ib tug dej siab xaiv yog txoj cai rau koj.

Los ntawm txoj kev, VAT yog feem ntau yog ib defining lub sij hawm ntawd. OCHO feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom thiab lag luam wholesale lag luam, nyob rau hauv lwm tus neeg mob nws yog tsim nyog los saib qhov tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv ntawm taxation. Lawv yuav coj koj ntau cov kev pab cuam. Nco ntsoov - yog hais tias koj tsis qhia kom meej thaum muab tej tshwj xeeb kev kho mob, cov "neej ntawd hais" koj yuav OCHO.

Vmenenka

Tom ntej no zoo nkauj lucrative xaiv - yog daim ntawv thov ntawm thiaj li hu ua "vmenenki". Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los nws tsis tshua muaj, tab sis tsis tshwm sim. Qhov no - ib tug tshwj xeeb se rau lub SP. Kev ua ub no uas yuav tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim, sau npe nyob rau hauv lub RF Tax Code. Yog li ntawd, qhov no zoo ntawm xam yog muaj tsis rau tag nrho cov. Yog li, txhua txhua xyoo koj yuav tsum xav li cas hauv kev ua si yuav qhib pis UTII.

Qhov zoo ntawm no embodiment yog pom mus rau tus liab qab qhov muag. "Vmenenka" nyob rau koj lub lag luam thiab nws cov Cheebtsam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws feem pua ntawm cov nyiaj yog muaj teev raws 15%. Ntau nyob ntawm lub scale ntawm koj lub lag luam. Tsis haum rau ib tug neeg ua lag luam uas "tuav" ib tug loj loj ua lag ua luam.

Nyob rau hauv 2016, tej yam kev mob tau txais raws li uas UTII cov nyiaj them tej zaum yuav tau tom nyob rau ntawm lub lub regional theem. Yog li ntawd, tej yam yuav tsum tau tsuas 7.5% ntawm lub profits, thiab ib co yuav luag nyob rau hauv 2 lub sij hawm ntau - 15%.

Tsis zoo thiab cov kev txwv

Txawm li cas los, muaj ib co tsis zoo ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv UTII. Raws li tau hais tias, lub sijhawm los ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim yog tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov. Yog li ntawd, yuav nco ntsoov mus nrhiav rau koj ua hauj lwm tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov coj daim ntawv teev nyob rau hauv lub Tax Code. Thiab cia li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, kom cov "fallback" txiav txim.

Tsis tas li ntawd, Yog hais tias koj ua lag luam nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, cov "vmenenka" yuav siv tsis tau yog tias koj muaj tsawg tshaj li 25% "ntawm cov ntaub ntawv." Nws yog ib cov kev txwv lub sij hawm no.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov nyiaj ua se system yuav siv tau, SP? UTII tsis haum rau cov neeg uas qhib ib tug loj deal. Lawv tsis muaj txoj cai tsim no variant entrepreneurs muaj raws li ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau tshaj 100 tus neeg. Txwv tsis pub, koj muaj peev xwm sim mus ua hauj lwm nrog lub system.

Los ntawm txoj kev, ib tug me me ntxiv rau, uas twb tsis nco qab lawm - koj tsis tau siv ib cov nyiaj ntsuab register nyob rau hauv cov lus teb. Tab sis tam sim no nqa ib co nyiaj tseem muaj. Cov them se muaj cai no koj xaiv rau koj tus kheej. Feem ntau cia li kom cov nqi kho mob thiab ntawv txais nyiaj, tej zaum kuj ua accounting phau ntawv.

patents

Patent se rau ib tug neeg ua lag luam tau tau ua tswvcuab nyuam qhuav. Hais tias nws tau ua rau neeg nyiam muaj coob tus neeg yuav pib lawv tus kheej ua lag ua luam. Cia li tsis xav hais tias qhov kev xaiv no yog zoo tagnrho. Nws, zoo li tag nrho cov lwm yam classifications, nws muaj nws pros thiab cons.

Piv txwv li, ntawm lub ntsiab zoo sawv tawm ib tug ua tiav kev zam los ntawm cov nyiaj ua se cov nyiaj them. Txaus mus yuav ib tug patent - thiab koj yuav ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug kev thaj tsam tsis muaj monetary nplua. Tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau rau xws li ib tug scenario - ib tug tshwj xeeb cov phau ntawv kom cov ntaub ntawv, uas koj yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Xws li, patents - yog lub sij purchase ntawm lub lag luam ntawm ib lub tsheb rau ib tug tej lub sij hawm. Heev zoo rau beginners, qhov no system - cov yam tsawg kawg nkaus lub sij hawm ntawm validity ntawm daim ntawv - 1 lub hli. Koj yuav tau sim koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ces mus cuag lub patent los yog tsis tau tsav ntau ua lag ua luam. Ntawm cov nyiaj ntsuab npe lag luam nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug scenario zam. Ua hauj lwm rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "yuav thiab tsis nco qab."

Tsis rau txhua leej txhua tus

Txawm li cas los, raug nyob rau hauv lub kawm tuab si lug ntawm cov tseem txaus. Firstly, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd muab sau tseg tias cov kev ua ub yuam kev txwv. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsis yog tag nrho muaj cai mus yuav lub patents thiab ua hauj lwm rau lawv. Yog npe tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub Tax Code, thiab tej zaum kuj muaj cov kev txwv nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw. Lawv xav tau ib lub xyoo los mus paub txog cov nyiaj ua se cov tub ceev xwm.

Kuj yuav tsis tswj ib tug patent lub koom haum nyob rau hauv uas ntau tshaj 15 cov neeg. Thiab yog li koj cov nyiaj khwv tau ib xyoos yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 60 lab. Txwv tsis pub, lub patent tsuas yuav tsis muaj kev cai lij choj quab yuam.

Lwm drawback - tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv txhua cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tej kev ua ub no muab ib lub zuj zus. Qhov no yog tej yam zoo thiab tsis zoo. Tab sis feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm no tham yog tsis nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub teeb.

UAT

Tus tom ntej kev xaiv uas yuav ua tau - nws UAT. Qhov no se tsis tshwm sim ib yam nkaus thiab feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam. Yog li ntawd, npaum li cas rau siab rau nws yog tsis nqi nws. Qhov no yog hais tias qhov kev xaiv no yog xaiv tsuas yog thaum nws los txog rau ua thiab muag ua liaj ua teb cov khoom.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau them qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov "nyiaj tau los-siv". Dua, 6% ntawm tus nqi tau txais. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, muab lub vos kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov system, koj yuav tau siv nws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws fits koj lub lag luam.

Tiam sis thov nco ntsoov - koj muaj peev xwm siv tsis tau txoj cai no, yog hais tias tus loj ntawm lub koom haum (tus naj npawb ntawm cov qhev) yuav tshaj 300 cov neeg. Yog hais tias xws li ib tug scenario, UAT tsis yog cov ntaub. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, cov kev xaiv no yog tsis yog suav hais tias.

Yooj yim zog taxation

OCHO thiab STS - yog ob hom ntawm taxation, uas feem ntau cov feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Yog hais tias peb yuav tau cov system, peb xam tawm, ntawm no yog ib tug yooj yim zog tsis tau. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog xws li ib tug txim yog nyob rau hauv zoo kawg thov thaum lub caij, ua lag luam.

Yog vim li cas? Qhov no yog hais tias lub chaw ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub "simplified se system" yog heev yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Koj yog tso los ntawm cov nyiaj ntsuab nyiaj, tab sis feem ntau txhim kho ib zaug lawv cov nyiaj tau muaj. Feem ntau txaus account phau ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau them tej neeg ua lag luam yog ib tug tax - rau cov nyaij. Ib xyoos ib zaug qhia, kev them nyiaj, feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm 30 Plaub Hlis Ntuj.

VAT yog tsis them ntawm USN. Qhov no yog ib tug lossis loj kom zoo dua, uas haum ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm cov pa se tas. Nws yog teem rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd, los yog 6%, los yog 15%. Uas yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhua txhua xyoo nrog tus "simplified se system" koj yuav tsum muab tag nrho cov ntawm 6-15% ntawm koj cov nyiaj khwv tau los. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ua tag nrho cov tsau cov nyiaj them mus rau lub Laus Fund (los ntawm uas tsis muaj ib tug yog raug zam). Yog li ntawd, qhov no qhov teeb meem haum ntau. VAT on USN, raws li tau hais tias, tsis muaj. Thiab tag nrho cov lwm yam "nqi" zoo li.

Ntawm cov shortcomings yuav qhia tau xwb los kev ua si rau cov kev txwv thiab cov nta ntawm lub system ntawm ib tug siab profit. Tsis yog txhua tus muaj txoj cai los mus siv cov simplified se system - ib tug leej daim ntawv teev cov coj npe nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam. Tsis tas li ntawd nco ntsoov - yog hais tias koj muaj ib lub xyoo profit ntawm ntau tshaj 300 txhiab rubles, los yog nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, raws li cov nyiaj ua se yuav tau them 1% ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau. Tsis tseem ceeb txaus disadvantage yog hais tias peb xav txog tag nrho cov kev pab cuam ntawm ib tug "Yooj yim zog taxation". Taxation SP (USN), thaum ib tug neeg yog koom nyob rau hauv private enterprise - yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv!

Yuav ua li cas mus sau npe

Zoo, qhov kawg koj tam sim no yuav tsum tau paub - cov no yog cov kev cai ntawm kev cuv npe ntawm ib tug neeg raws li ib tug kws ua lag laum. Thiab koj yuav tau siv tshwj xeeb se regimes. Nws tau hais tias nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, tsis muaj dab tsi yog yuav tsum tau ntawm koj. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhib IE, tam sim no rau cov nyiaj ua se chaw ua hauj lwm:

• INN;
• Passport (nrog cov ntawv luam);
• ib daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv lub qhib ntawm tus IP;
• daim ntawv thov kev siv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb taxation system (2 luam);
• Tau txais daim ntawv ntawm lub xeev cov dej num them nyiaj (800 rubles rau 2016).

Yeej, uas yog tag nrho. Cov ntaub ntawv rau tus IP npaj txhij, koj muaj peev xwm thov rau lawv thiab tau txais ib daim ntawv pov ntawm kev cuv npe. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nco ntsoov tias yog hais tias koj tsis qhia kom meej muaj kev tshwj xeeb system ntawm taxation, tag nrho cov yuav xaiv. "Yooj yim zog taxation" yuav tsum tau tshuab txais tsis pub dhau 30 hnub ntawm lub hnub tim ntawm kev cuv npe (siv cov system nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tam sim no) los yog kom txog thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, koj yuav tsum mus thov rau nws xyoo tom ntej. UTII muab tsis pub dhau 5 hnub tom qab pib ntawm koj ua hauj lwm, cov tib txoj cai siv rau lwm lub. Muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi yooj yim txog nws. Zoo cia li xaiv qhia rau hauv lub xeev.

Tam sim no kuv to taub yuav ua li cas cov nyiaj ua se system yuav ntiav tus IP. Feem ntau, yog tias koj nyob nraum khiav ib (los yog ib tug me me pab pawg neeg), thiab koj tsis care cov nyiaj them ntawm VAT, nws yog advisable mus xaiv tus yooj yim zog se system. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv uas yam lub neeg them nqi se los ntawm cov hassle thiab cov ntaub ntawv.