Yuav ua li cas yog lub Babylonian tooj?

Lej, science, tshuav nws lub neej mus rau lub ancient East. Yog tsis muaj caij nyoog hnub ntawm nws keeb kwm, tab sis nws yog lub npe hu hais tias yuav luag txhua txhua ib Eastern xeev tau nws tus kheej system ntawm xam thiab xam txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav sib tham txog lub phenomenon ntawm lub Babylonian xov tooj, xav txog lub archaeological artifacts, lees tias lawv lub neej thiab rau kev ntsuam xyuas lawv tej yam nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm science.

nkag

Babylonian nceeg vaj pib nws lub neej nyob rau hauv lub II Millennium, thiab poob nyob rau hauv 539 BC. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, rau sab hnub tuaj cheeb tsam tau ua ib tug loj kauj ruam rau pem hauv ntej nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub neej, tsom rau architecture thiab astronomy. Tab sis kom tau ua nyob rau hauv stability thiab durability rau tus soj xilethi-aus lub cev yuav muab sau tseg thiab analyzed, zauv yuav tsum tau. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau kaj ntug ntawm ib tug tshiab kev vam meej nyob rau hauv Mesopotamia muaj cov tshiab Babylonian xov tooj.

Txij li thaum lub xeev tau ua nyob rau hauv lub ruins ntawm ib zaug muaj no Sumer thiab Akkad, kuj haib heev haiv neeg, inventions thiab scientific tau ntawm predecessors pab rau Npanpiloo los ua ib tug tsim thiab hnyav haiv neeg.

Babylonian nceeg vaj numbering system

Thaum koj xub saib cov Babylonian tooj ib zaug ib lub koom haum nrog rau lub Roman, raws li cov ntsiab cai ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv yog yuav luag tib yam, thiab yog li yog ntau npaum li cas yooj yim. Lub system siv tsuas yog ob tug cim: ib tug ncaj hniav, cim tias seb thaum unit, thiab dag hniav, uas yog kwv yees li ntawm kaum.

Yuav kom sau tus xov tooj ntawm 1 mus rau 9 yog siv tsuas yog thawj tus cwj pwm, thiab rau tag nrho cov tom ntej sawv daws yuav, thov ib txhia thaum lawv tseem ob wedges. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias cov xov tooj system yog sexagesimal thiab muab faib los ntawm tus coj me me, thiab nws yog tsis muaj coincidence. Senary division Babylon ua txhua yam Sumerians, thiab muaj ib tug teb - Akkadians. Tom qab ntawd Babylonian tus xov tooj yog duplicated nyob rau hauv Arabic, Latin, thiab Greek, thiab los ua lub hauv paus ntawm timekeeping. Txij thaum ntawd los, peb sib faib ib teev mus rau hauv 60 feeb thiab txhua txhua na this mus rau hauv 60 vib nas this.

Teeb meem nyob rau hauv Babylonian lej

Raws li peb tau pom nyob rau hauv lub rooj, lub suav series nyob rau hauv ancient Babylon xaus nyob rau hauv 59, raws li cov system yog sexagesimal. Tab sis xws li ib tug tshaj kev vam meej yuav tsis tas rau tej nqi ntawm tug lej tom qab? Kiag li. Babel numbering tooj assumed enormous nuj nqis, uas niaj hnub no peb hu lub peb-, four- thiab tsib tug.

Raws li ib qho piv txwv, cia wb muab ib ya los ntawm 60 mus rau 120. Rau tooj 60 siv tib hniav raws li rau lub tsev, tsuas loj. Tom qab nws yoojyim ntau qhov chaw mus ntxiv cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv tus so ntawm tus xov tooj. Nws thiaj li los ua ib tug qhov chaw ntawm tsis meej pem, uas tej zaum yuav tsis to taub txawm lub ancient cov neeg. Ib tug yuav tsuas yog twv yuav ua li cas lawm lub hlwb kws txawj uas transcribed cov artifacts. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov Npanpiloo tsis muaj ib tug kos, tab sis nws yuav zoo heev piv cov kev sau ntawv ntawm cov lej nyuaj.

Los ntawm tsis meej pem rau kev txiav txim

Yog xav paub Babylonian xov tooj nyob rau hauv ob peb lwm systems ntawm xam, cia li nco ntsoov ob cim. Yuav kom zoo nyeem lawv thiab txiav txim seb tus nqi yuav tsum paub txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm positional. Rau peb, qhov no yog tsis muaj big deal, vim yog muaj ib zaug xwb tso system nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no. Nws essence lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias qhov chaw ua tooj cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus xov tooj. Pom zoo, yog hais tias peb swap lub 1 thiab 7 ntawm cov 17, ces cov yuav txawv heev. Tab sis rau cov ancient haiv neeg nws tsis yog li cuab kev, vim hais tias cov ua ntej lawm cov nuj nqis xws li txoj hauj lwm uas tsis ua cas. Cov neeg Npanpiloo yog cov thawj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej tau to taub hais tias yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau tsim ntau yam cim los sau lawv across. Suffice nws ob tug, tus nqi ntawm uas yuav nyob ntawm seb txoj hauj lwm.

Babylon "phau ntawv sau"

Nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm lub Tigris thiab Euphrates tsis tau tsuas yog rulers, tab sis kuj zoo tib yam cov neeg raug heev kawm ntawv, tab sis rau kev sib raug zoo lawv Corporate ib lub caij - daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv Tim lyiv teb chaws nws tau siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm papyrus, uas pleev xim rau cov ancient cim thiab icons, thiab cov Babylonian cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus xov tooj thiab cov tsiaj ntawv, dluab ua rau av nplaum ntsiav tshuaj.

Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua cuneiform, thiab nws cov essence lies nyob rau hauv lub fact tias thaum lub av nplaum yog mos, sharpened ntoo hniav rau nws qhia txog cov kev kawm cim, uas yog ces khov. Daim Hlau nyob txawv loj, thickness thiab zoo. Nyob rau tej cim no tau sau tseg cov kev cai thiab sib, scientific tej hauj lwm, los yog cov dab neeg uas zoo tib yam neeg, lawv lub tswvyim thiab qhov teeb meem los ntawm lub neej.

Keeb kwm thiab Science

Niaj hnub no, muaj ib tug meej kev sib cais ntawm cov professions nyob rau hauv lub technical, tacit paub txog kev kawm txog zauv, physics thiab lwm yam natural sciences, thiab humanities, qhov twg lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm cov lus, ntaub ntawv, keeb kwm thiab philosophy. Thaum muaj thiab tsim ancient civilizations, tag nrho cov sectors yog tsis tsuas zoo intertwined, tab sis kuj tsim ib nta tag nrho, ua rau neeg kom tau kev paub tshiab. Peb twb kov on ib lub npe xws li lub keeb kwm ntawm kev kawm txog zauv, thiab kuv xav qhia ib ob peb lub sij hawm.

Nws yog vim hais tias cov sab hnub tuaj ancient ntiaj teb no muaj lub Honor ntawm ua tus menyuam txaj hauv lub ntiaj teb no kev vam meej, nws yuav tsum tau suav txhua yam. Early txaus muaj nyob rau hauv lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv hais xws li ib tug series ntawm cov zauv thiab kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov zauv. Twb kev kwv yees ntawm grain thiab cereals, ntsuas teb cheeb tsam tau suav thiab hnyav tsis muaj vaj tse. nquag tsim astronomy. Yuav kom ntxiv txhawb kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv daim teb no tus thawj qauv tau tsim, uas yog xam los ntawm qhov kev ncua deb rau ntawm qhov pom cov hnub qub thiab ntiaj teb. Ib txhia ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb yog tseem siv nyob rau hauv ib tug unchanged hom.

Niaj hnub no peb hais tias kev kawm txog zauv - lub hauv paus ntawm physics, Science News for KIDS thiab astronomy, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws originated nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm sciences, raws li muaj ib tug yuav tsum.