Yuav ua li cas yog lub epidermis? Tus qauv ntawm lub epidermis

Cov txheej cev cover muaj ib tug ncaj complex qauv. Cov tawv nqaij yog ib qho khoom hauv nrog cev uas muaj ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Nws ua ib tug xov tooj ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb functions: cov kev pauv, thaum tshav kub kub tswj, receptor, kev tiv thaiv. Muaj coob tus neeg xav li cas lub epidermis, tab sis lawv tsis nco qab rau ib tug thib ob feem ntawm cov tawv nqaij - lub dermis.

Tus qauv ntawm lub txheej cover cev

Ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg - lub epidermis thiab dermis. Lub sab sauv epithelial txheej yog sib cais los ntawm lub qis laim ntoom sis tsis ncaj. Nws tsos yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tshwj xeeb outgrowths - papillae. Lub sab sauv txheej yog nws pav ca-keratinized stratified epithelium. Nws muaj tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha, thiab lub hwj chim yog nkag thereto los ntawm lub dermis xwb.

Thaum hais txog nrog lub fact tias xws li ib tug epidermis, nrhiav qhov twg nws yog, ntau yog pib coj ib qho kev txaus nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv. Nws muaj hlwb, txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab cov qauv. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam ib tug tej yam theem ntawm lawv lub neej. Thickness ntawm cov epidermis, nyob ntawm seb nws qhov chaw nyob yuav tsum yog los ntawm 0,07 hli rau 1.4 hli. Lub thickest txheej yog nyob rau hauv qab xib taws ntawm tus taw, xib teg ntawm koj txhais tes rau. Ib tug heev nyias daim tawv nqaij (nws lub txheej) yog nyob rau hauv lub pubic cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv caj npab, pob ntseg thiab lub plab mog.

Tus qauv ntawm lub sab sauv cover keratinized

Lub epidermis muaj tsib tug neeg khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Nws lub ntsiab tivthaiv no yog hu ua ib tug keratinocyte. Tab sis cov qauv ntawm cov epidermis yog nyuab tshaj li qhov nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Kws txawj paub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg:

• basal (germinative);
• pos;
• granular;
• ci ntsa iab;
• horny.

Txhua yam ntawm lawv ua ib txog kev ua thiab nws muaj nws tus kheej qauv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub hais tias daim tawv nqaij hlwb yog nyob rau hauv ib tug lub xeev qhov kev rov. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kuaj tu tub tu kiv dab, tuav, keratinization thiab desquamation. Nyob ntawm seb cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev ntawm tiav epidermal update txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm 20 mus rau 30 hnub.

stratum corneum

Lub sab qaum kev ib lub epidermis yog muaj li ntawm hlwb uas yog sufficiently ze rau txhua lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv lub stratum corneum Cheebtsam yog epidermal daim tawv nqaij barrier - lawv yog cov hu ua corneocytes. Cov tawv nqaij hlwb tau poob lub cell organelles thiab tau sau nrog keratin.

Vim hais tias ntawm no cov horny txheej Cheebtsam yuav tiv thaiv lawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kev puas tsuaj, kub variations, kom qhuav thiab allergic ntawm cov kab mob. Horny teev yog muab faib ua ob hom. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav xoob los yog tuab filling ntawm keratin fibrils. On thib ob nto yog ntawm lawv. Ib tug thawj nyob ze zog mus rau lub granular txheej. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov qauv, yuav tsum pom qhov seem ntawm yav tas los nyob rau ntawd cell organelles. Cov teev yog feem ntau hu ua T-hlwb.

Qhov no sab sauv txheej ntawm lub epidermis yog lub cutaneous barrier thiab muaj ob peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg twb tuag hlwb, uas yog impregnated nrog lipids. Incidentally, cov tshuaj yog yooj yim keepers dej nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij.

ci iab txheej

Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub epidermis yog tsis ib txwm qhia. Nws tseem hu ua eleidinovym txheej. Yog hais tias nws yog tsis kuaj, ces nws zoo nkaus li zoo li ib tug nyias, lub teeb, kaj thiab homogeneous sawb. Txheej no yog hu ua xwb vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov tsos. Nws muaj yog ib tug tshuaj hu ua eleidin. Nws yog ib yam khoom-lub hauv paus rau ntxiv keratinization hlwb. Nrhiav tau nws, feem ntau yog xwb nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub xib teg thiab qab xib taws. Nws muaj ib tug nuclear-free flattened hlwb.

granular txheej

Cov neeg uas nrog lub fact tias no epidermis, nrhiav qhov twg nws yog, thiab nco ntsoov nws thickness, to taub hais tias txhua tus ntawm nws cov Cheebtsam yog negligible. Yog li, lub particulate txheej li ntawm xwb 1-2 hlwb kab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas ib tug nyias epidermis. Tab sis nws kuj muaj xws li ntawm 10 kab ntawm hlwb nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas cov tawv nqaij yog ntau tuab. Lawv muaj pob zeb diamond-puab, elongated, elongated thiab nruj nreem nias tiv thaiv txhua lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv no txheej hlwb tau poob lawv muaj peev xwm faib. Nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm muaj ob hom ntawm pellets: Lamellar thiab eleidin. Lawv nyob li hais tias tus ntev axis ntawm txhua cov pob zeb diamond-zoo li tus hlwb tsiv mus nyob rau thaum uas tig grooves los yog scallops.

spiny hlwb

Txawm li cas los ntawm qhov chaw cheeb tsam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, hais tias txheej muaj kab 5-10. Nrhiav nyob rau hauv nws lub hlwb yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov uas. Saib nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuab kuaj kab mob, koj muaj peev xwm tsis pom tsuas epidermal khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tab sis kuj yuav saib lub hlwb lawv tus kheej, rau lub nqaim sawb ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab cov kev hloov maj mam dab uas hla nws. Tsaug rau lawv muaj txheej twb muaj npe muaj pos.

Keratinocytes yog kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv no ib feem ntawm lub epidermal desmosomes. Lawv muaj ib tug es complex qauv: lawv yuav tshwm sim li ob daim hlau, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog interleaved ntawm ib tug cathode 4 thiab 3-pob tshab electron-tuab txheej. Nws desmosomes txhawb nrog cell qauv, lawv muaj zog intercellular guarantor compound. Lawv kuj pab raws li ib tug mounting qhov chaw rau tonofilaments. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tib neeg epidermis yog teem kom cov sab sauv feem spinous txheej txo tus naj npawb ntawm desmosomes.

cell qauv reminiscent ntawm lub Cheebtsam ntawm lub basal department. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv yog cov sib txawv. Spiny hlwb txuas ua ke ib tug tseem ceeb pes tsawg tus ntawm desmosomes thiab bundles tonofilaments lawv thicker.

basal hlwb

Cov txheej no yog lub feem ntau nyob deb ntawm daim tawv nqaij saum npoo av. Tab sis nws muaj cov tseem yuav nkag siab li cas rau epidermis. Yog kawg txheej nyob rau basal phaj, uas txwv tsis pub nws los ntawm lwm yam ntaub so ntswg. Lub hlwb nyob rau ntawd cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ib kab. Txheej uas lawv tsim, kuj hu ua germinal. Nws muaj ob peb hom hlwb. Muaj keratinocytes, melanocytes, lymphocytes, basophils cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv cov txheej Greenstein thiab Merkel hlwb.

Keratinocytes nyob rau hauv no txheej zoo li thooj voos kheej kheej uas sawv ntsug mas. Lawv paub qhov txawv ob hom: ca thiab zubchastoy nto. Tus thawj sawv daws yuav raug muab faib, vim lawv cell hloov tshwm sim. Cov yav tas ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug thaub qab muaj nuj nqi. Tab sis lawv yog pib qhia nyob rau hauv tej kev puas tsuaj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Nkag siab thiab to taub txog cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov epidermis yuav ua tau, yog tias koj paub tias cov qauv ntawm lub Cheebtsam basophilic txheej yog me ntsis txawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd thiab organelles thiab nuclei, uas yuav muaj tag nrho cov lwm lub hlwb, lawv yog ib qho qauv - tonofilameny. Muaj kuj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cov menyuamuas, hu ua melanin granules.

Peb kuj yuav tsum hais tias lub melanocytes - tshwj xeeb hlwb muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm qhov uas ua melanin. Qhov no tshuaj tiv thaiv puas tsuaj ntawm ultraviolet tawg. Lub basal txheej yog ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 10-25% ntawm lub hlwb. Nyob rau hauv tsos lawv zoo li ib tug hiav txwv urchin thiab nyob nruab nrab ntawm keratinocytes. Raws li nws ntev txheej txheem, lawv muaj peev xwm ntawm thauj melanin hauv hlwb los ntawm phagocytosis.

Paub tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv no hais txog cov qauv, yam ntxwv ntawm lub sab sauv txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij, koj yuav xav txog tej yam dab tsi rau hauv lub epidermis, txoj kev nws zoo thiab dab tsi yog yuav tsum tau.