Yuav ua li cas yog lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis thiab rau cov uas nws yog muab. Notable winners ntawm cov Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis

Niaj hnub no, cov Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis yog ib qho ntawm feem nto moo thiab, raws li ib tug tsim nyog tau, lub ntiaj teb no lub feem ntau prestigious khoom plig nyob rau hauv journalism, photojournalism, suab paj nruag, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua tau zoo arts. Nws tau pom zoo los ntawm lub thib kaum xya yim hli ntuj 1903 Yauxej Pulitzer, uas yog ib tug zoo-paub American publisher thiab sau xov xwm, uas nws lub npe yog tseem txuam nrog lub rov tshwm sim ntawm lub "daj nias" ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Dzhozef Pulittser yug nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1847 nyob rau hauv Hungary teb. Tom qab emigrating mus rau lub kaum xya xyoo nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, nyob rau hauv 1878 nws yuav ob zoo-paub American ntawv xov xwm - "St. Louis Dispatch" thiab "St. Louis Post", thiab muab ib tug tshiab periodical - "St. Louis Post-Dispatch." Ntxias ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm cov xovxwm tshaj tib neeg lub hlwb, Pulitzer siv nws tsab yuav tsum luam tawm cov feem ntau cov muaj teeb meem thiab tsis meej xwm khoom uas muaj kev thuam ntawm cov kev ua ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Tsis ntev, nws tsab ua ib qho ntawm feem muaj txiaj ntsim thiab muaj hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob teb chaws As Mes Lis Kas. Nyob rau hauv 1883, nws yuav lub New York lub ntiaj teb no, thiab koj lem nws mus rau hauv ib tug nrov ntawv xov xwm, tag nrho cov ntawm nom tswv xov xwm, complemented los ntawm comics thiab illustrations. Yuav kom tau txais los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm publishing profit Dzhozef Pulittser tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Journalism tsim thiab tsim lub npe nrov nqi zog.

Feeb ntau, lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis muab rau cov thawj Monday rau hauv Tej zaum cov mej zeej ntawm lub tebchaws United States nyob hauv Columbia University rau koj tau nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab sau xov xwm. lub nqi rau feem ntau nominations ntawm kaum txhiab daus las. Nyias, hauv qeb "Rau kev pab rau lub zej zog", uas nws khiav tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog monetary ntshaw, tab sis kuj kub puav pheej "Rau qhov tsim nyog muab kev pab rau lub zej zog."

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj yog tam sim no txog 25 txawv nominations, cov uas 14 yog ncaj qha mus txog rau tub xov xwm. Txhua txhua xyoo, tshwj xeeb xim yog kev sau ntawv khoom plig nyob rau hauv rau nominations: "Rau cov ntawv tseeb phau ntawv sau los ntawm ib tug American txawj sau ntawv ntawm America", "Rau ib tug biography los yog autobiography los ntawm American neeg sau ntawv", "Rau ib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws USA", "Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua yeeb yam", "Rau qhov zaj paj huam" thiab "Rau Tsis-tseeb." Raws li keeb kwm qhia, lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis (phau ntawv) yog tsis muab kaum lub sij hawm, raws li lub txim yog tsis tau txheeb xyuas tej kev sau ntawv ua hauj lwm, tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom plig.

Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm

Raws li hais ua ntej lawm, tus Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis tuaj rau hauv 1903, thaum nws tau kos mus txog qhov yuav Dzhozefa Pulittsera. Nws twb xub muab nyob rau hauv 1917. Raws li qhov kev pom zoo ntawm Columbia University (nyob rau hauv lub auspices uas cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Journalism uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw txhua txhua xyoo puav pheej kev nthuav qhia) thiab Pulitzer, lub ntsig txog ib feem ntawm cov nqi zog yog cov nyiaj xyoo uas coj Pulitzer Foundation, tsim nyob rau cov nuj nqis ntawm lub ob-lab pub dawb rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Yog li, txhua xyoo cov nyiaj ntsuab nqi zog nyiaj nqi mus txog 550 txhiab dollars. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus donations ntawm ua lag luam, lwm cov nyiaj tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1970, uas attracted ntxiv nyiaj rau cov nyiaj them ntawm no prestigious puav pheej.

Cov nab npawb ntawm cov nominations thiab khoom plig los ntawm lub kuj tsuas tsub kom lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1922, thawj nyob nqi zog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tas luav, thiab nyob rau hauv 1942 qhov puav pheej twb xub muab rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws yees duab. Ib me ntsis tom qab tuaj rau hauv lub nomination rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws nkauj thiab theatrical nrug. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv May 2006 ntawm cov contenders rau lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis npog tsis tau tsuas yog daim ntawv, tab sis kuj hluav taws xob ua hauj lwm.

Cov kev sib tw txiav txim

Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis muab tsub los ntawm lub Board of Trustees ntawm Columbia University nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub Advisory Board. Nws yog ib qhov lub cev mus rau ib tug decisive lub suab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim winners. Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Advisory Board yog tsim kom muaj kev rau cov puav pheej.

Xub thawj, lub Board muaj xwb ntawm tsug kaum peb cov neeg tuaj koom, tab sis los ntawm nruab nrab-1990, muaj kaum xya neeg. Rau hnub tim Pulitzer pawg neeg muaj 19 cov kws txawj, ntawm lawv cov nqi zog khiav dej num, tsib zoo-paub publishers, ib tug columnist, editors, thiab rau rau kws tshawb fawb.

Sib tw ua ub no ntawm cov nqi zog pawg neeg yog lossi raug rau pej xeem thuam. Txhua xyoo lub pawg neeg pab txiav tau txais heev heev sib liam ntawm kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab subjectivity nyob rau hauv lub awarding ntawm lub prestigious puav pheej. Txawm li cas los, raws li cov nyiaj ntawm lub creator ntawm lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis, hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txoj kev ua no yog tsis tau.

txheej txheem puav pheej

Raws li cov charter puav pheej, rau hauv lub nomination nyob rau hauv journalism yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tsis pub dhau thawj ntawm Lub ob hlis ntuj ntawm lub xyoo tam sim no. Rau kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm ntawm hnub yuav tsum Lub Xya hli ntuj 1 lub xeem xyoo rau cov phau ntawv, uas tau luam tawm los ntawm Lub ib hlis ntuj rau lub rau hli ntuj; thiab Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj rau phau ntawv luam tawm los ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj rau hlis ntuj nqeg.

Interestingly, cov qeb ntawm journalism yuav tau thov sawv cev ntawm ib tug neeg twg thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm lub hwm. Qhov loj tshaj plaws uas lub tswv yim txog tau muab nrog cov ntawv luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lees tias txoj cai neeg sib tw rau cov puav pheej. Raws li rau cov ntaub ntawv, lub Council yuav tsum muab plaub luam nyob rau hauv nomination muab rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm cov phau rau kev ntsuam xyuas. Ib tug zoo xws li cov txheej txheem yog siv nyob rau hauv lub kwv yees ntawm ntau Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv puav pheej. Tab sis cov suab paj nruas thiab ua txoj hauj lwm tej zaum yuav nominated rau qhov khoom plig tsis pub dhau thawj ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj xyoo no, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau mob uas tag nrho cov mej zeej ntawm lub pawg neeg pab txiav yog me ntsis txog cov lawv cov pej xeem kev ua tau zoo.

Kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv muab rau cov puav pheej uas tau txais kev qhia tshwj xeeb taw los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv rau txhua qeb los ntawm cov pawg neeg pab txiav. Txhua pawg neeg pab txiav yuav npaj ib daim ntawv teev cov peb sib tw thiab muab xa mus rau lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis Board. Lub Council, nyob rau hauv lem, tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas ua ntej nws, nrog rau kev sau qhov chaw, cov tswv yim thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm nominees, thiab ces forwards muaj twb lawv tus kheej siv rau kev pom zoo los ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm trustees ntawm Columbia University. Lub trustees yog cov kev xaiv ntawm cov Board thiab kom sai ncha moo lub winners, tsis tos rau lub nqa tawm ntawm lub official awards ceremony. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias lub trustees los yog cov mej zeej ntawm lub pawg neeg pab txiav yuav tsis cuam tshuam tej cov kev xaiv ntawm lub Board. Nws cov tswv cuab txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub awarding ntawm tej neeg tuaj sib tw, tsis hais txog ntawm lub tswv yim pom zoo ntawm cov pawg neeg pab txiav. Tsis muaj leej twg lub trustees, cov mej zeej ntawm lub pawg neeg pab txiav los yog lub Council tej zaum yuav tsis koom nyob rau hauv kev sib tham los yog cov kev pov npav yog hais tias tus nqi zog tso lawv muaj feem xyuam rau lawv tus kheej nyiam. Council cov tswv cuab yog tas rau peb cov nqe lus ntawm peb xyoos ib zaug, thiab cov txhob yog sau los ntawm daim card daim ntawv xaiv tsa, uas yog yuav tsum tau mus koom tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm mej zeej ntawm lub Board.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws winners ntawm cov Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis

Txij li thaum lub rov tshwm sim ntawm no nqi zog laureates los ua ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv thiab sau xov xwm, cov uas tau ob qho tib si zoo-paub thiab tsis lees paub los ntawm cov pej xeem sau phau ntawv. Cov thawj heev khiav ntawm cov puav pheej yog tus American neeg sau xov xwm Herbert Bayard, uas twb muab tsub no prestigious nqi zog rau ib tug series ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub title "Hauv lub German teb chaws Ottoman."

Nyob rau ntau lub xyoo cov zajlus nqi zog muab tej hauj lwm xws li "Gone nrog cov cua" los ntawm Margaret Mitchell, "Tus Qub txiv neej thiab hauv lub hiav txwv" los ntawm Ernest Hemingway, raws li zoo raws li Harper Lee tshiab "tua ib tug Mockingbird." Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm feem ntau ntawm cov phau ntawv yeej lub Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis, yeej tsis tau nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws-sellers, raws li zoo raws li tau txais qhov puav pheej theem ua tsis muab tso rau hauv sab theem.

Raws li rau txawv teb chaws winners ntawm cov Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis, cov thawj xws neeg tuaj sib tw yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab journalist Artyom Borovik nrog nws reportage "Room 19" ntawm lub paj hlwb kev ua ub no ntawm lub koom haum. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 2011, cov nqi zog twb muab tsub Anne Politkovskoy rau ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws chronicle ntawm tsov rog nyob rau hauv Chechnya. Lwm Lavxias teb sab journalist - Alexander Zemlyanichenko - ob-lub sij hawm khiav ntawm cov puav pheej rau nws kev pab them nqi ntawm cov Moscow putsch nyob rau hauv 1991 thiab Boris Yeltsin duab.

Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis rau cov ntaub ntawv. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov puav pheej

Raws li yav tas los muab sau, cov Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis rau cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub yeej nyob rau hauv lwm cov pawg tsis yeej ib txwm paub zoo thiab pom tau hais tias sau ntawv. Txawm hais tias vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov kws txiav txim feem ntau liam ntawm incompetence thiab kev dag. Qhov no yog kev lom zem ntau los ntawm lub fact tias nws cov neeg nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov kev cai twv los ntawm Yauxej Pulitzer, raws li uas tus nqi zog no, raws li zoo li ib co Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv nqi zog, muab rau cov neeg sau ntawv uas muaj nplooj siab hauv lawv phau ntawv ntawm lub neej, thiab US keeb kwm.

Feem ntau ua hauj lwm uas tau txais khoom plig yog me ntsis txawj nqi, Txawm li cas los, kom raug thiab haum piav lub neej nyob rau hauv lub outback los yog qhia rau, piv txwv li, hais txog tus kheej teeb meem ntawm American cov hluas. Uas yog vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv txawj prizes yog muab faib tsis los ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm hauv paus ntsiab lus. Txhua xyoo lub pawg neeg pab txiav xaiv ib tug ob peb tej hauj lwm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus piav qhia tam sim no thiab yav dhau los ntawm lub tebchaws United States.

Recognition of nqis sau xov xwm

Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis journalism - yog lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb puav pheej rau American periodicals. Nws muaj xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm nominations, uas yog kwv yees li lub ceev thiab kev cia siab thaum yuav tsum vov cov txheej xwm thiab tej pab ntawm neeg sau xov xwm nyob rau hauv lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm. Interestingly, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov puav pheej winners yog tsis yog tib neeg, tab sis tag nrho cov ntawv qhia.

Qhov no yog tej zaum cov feem ntau paub tseeb tseeb Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis. Laureates nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ib txwm paub nyob rau hauv ua ntej, thiab mus twv seb lub sij hawm ntawm lub pov npav yog tsis yooj yim. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, hais tias lub nomination yog xav tau tseem thiab nyob ntsiag to nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm lub scandals thiab accusations. Feem ntau cov critics pom zoo hais tias tag nrho cov laureates ntawm lub nqi zog tau txais lawv txeeb thiab tabtom thiaj li raws txoj cai.

Music thiab ua yeeb yam

Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov suab paj nruag Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis yog muab nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm peb txhiab dollars. Nws yog muab rau koj ua hauj lwm los ntawm American composer tsim nyob rau hauv tej yam loj txoj kev. Qhov no tag nrho orchestral, lub suab qw thiab chamber ua hauj lwm, ua yeeb yam thiab lwm yam ntau.

tseem muaj tshwj xeeb kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tsib txhiab daus las tsuas yog music nqi zog, uas yog muab rau txhua leej kawm tiav ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Journalism, tau qhia lub siab xav txhij txhua nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov suab paj nruag, ua yeeb yam, kinotelevizionny lossis phau ntawv thuam.

Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis ua yeeb yam muaj nqi zog nyiaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm peb txhiab dollars. Lawv muab raws li lub venerable zoo-paub tus thawj coj thiab ib tug hluas thawj coj, ua hauj lwm rau ua nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg lwm yam. Raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntawv, muaj ntau yam tej hauj lwm tau txais siab paub txog qhov txiav txim, nws twb yeej tsis tau qhia rau cov pej xeem thiab yeej tsis staged rau Broadway.

rau shooting puav pheej

Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis yog tabtom xam tau tias yog ib qho ntawm feem zoo rau cov kws yees duab. Rau ntau, nws txhais tau tias ib tug ntau ntau tshaj xwb monetary nyiaj. Nws yog ib tug paub txog lawv txoj hauj lwm zoo, tus nqi ntawm txhua txhua hnub ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib ncig ntawm lub nomination yog tseem ceeb sib cav tswv yim. Public lub tswv yim yog ib co teeb meem, thiab muaj coob tus neeg tsis paub tseeb seb tag nrho cov no yog tsim nyog Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis. Cov duab, uas nws yog muab, feem ntau hla tus ciaj ciam ntawm cov pa kos duab. Feem ntau ntawm cov tej hauj lwm mob siab rau mus rau ib tug me ntsis-paub los yog twb nyob rau ntug nabivshim teeb meem. Cov tub txawg muab tso rau hauv qhib zaub ntawm tus kheej dramas thiab tawg destinies ntawm cov neeg. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau ntawm cov duab yog sab laug tom qab koj menyuam lub hnyav txo.

Feem ntau criticized no yuav tsis tau tsuas yog ua hauj lwm, tab sis kuj cov kev pab txog lawv tus kheej. Lawv liam hais tias lawv filming lub horrific cov txheej xwm, es los pab cov neeg nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, Kevin Kartar, tau txais tus nqi zog rau ib tug series ntawm cov duab "tshaib plab nyob rau hauv lub Sudan", uas portrayed tus hluas nkauj tsis muaj zog txaus los ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab enormous Condor, tos nws txoj kev tuag, tau ua yus tua yus cia li ob lub hlis tom qab qhov puav pheej.

Puav pheej winners nyob rau hauv 2014

Kaum plaub nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 2014 tau summed thiab tshaj tawm cov npe ntawm cov tswv ntawm lwm Pulitzer yam khoom muaj nqis. Yog li ntawd, tus khiav ntawm cov nqi zog rau cov ntaub ntawv tau los ua Donna Tartt thiab nws tshiab "Tus Goldfinch", uas qhia zaj dab neeg txog ib tug me nyuam tub uas muaj kaum plaub xyoo, mus yuam kev nyob rau hauv Manhattan tom qab nws niam tuag. Qhov no ua hauj lwm kuj yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov puas zoo tshaj plaws phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo raws li cov khw hauv internet "Amazon" nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm 2013.

Tsev ua yeeb yam nqi zog yog Enni Beyker rau nws ua si "Flick", nyob rau hauv qeb "Txaus ntshai ua hauj lwm". Nyob rau hauv lub qeb "Music" puav pheej nws twb muab tsub lub Dzhon Lyuter Adams rau lub song "Tau lub hiav txwv."

Raws li rau journalism, tus "Public Service" qeb puav pheej mus rau lub cov ntaub ntawv "Tus Saib Xyuas" thiab "Lub Washington Post", uas nqa tawm kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm lub US National Security Agency cov kev ua ub rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog muab los ntawm Edward Snowden. Nyob rau hauv lub nomination "Lub sensational khoom" neeg sau xov xwm yeej lwm American ntawv ( "The Boston Globe"), uas yog them los ntawm explosions thiab investigative kev ua thaum lub sij hawm lub Boston Marathon. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb ceeb toom tau pom mus ua hauj lwm Reuters neeg sau xov xwm, qhia txog cov kev tsim txom ntawm cov Muslim cov zej zog nyob rau hauv Myanmar thiab tus qhev trade.