Alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no

Alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no - tam sim no nrog ib lub sij hawm-ua cov kev taw qhia thiab lub dag lub zog. Cov currents uas sib txawv xwb nyob rau hauv loj, me, hu ua pulsating. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab lub neej txhua hnub yog feem ntau siv alternating sinusoidal tam sim no.

Converting DC rau AC fais yuav ua tau raws li nram no. Twb muab tso nyob rau hauv ib tug niaj hnub zoo li qub magnetic teb kauj hlau. Nrog niaj hnub sib hloov ntawm lub kauj txog lub axis ntawm lub magnetic flux yuav tsis tu ncua sib txawv nyob rau hauv qhov ntau thiab cov kev taw qhia. Thiaj li, los ntawm cov kev cai lij choj ntawm electromagnetic induction, ib tug kauj yog tsim nce mus nce los nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia thiab magnitude ntawm lub electromotive quab yuam (EMF). Yog hais tias xws li ib tug kauj kev cob cog rua rau ib tug sab nraud Circuit Court, ces nws peb tau ib tug alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no.

Thaum lub dav hlau ntawm rotating kauj yuav perpendicular txoj kev lub teb kab ntawm lub magnetic teb dua therethrough lub magnetic flux - cov coob (Φ = Φmax), cov kev ceev ntawm qhov kev hloov nyob rau hauv nws xoom (ΔΦ / Δt = 0), raws li dhau los ntawm ib txoj hauj lwm coj kiv puag ncig ris hauv qab ntawm cov kab ntawm kev quab yuam, tsis muaj hla lawv. Li no, lub induction electromotive quab yuam tsim nyob rau hauv lub kauj yuav pes tsawg (E = 0).

Thaum lub kauj dav hlau yog thaum uas tig mus rau cov kab ntawm kev quab yuam, flux tob tob nws, yog sib npaug zos rau zero (Φ = 0), tus nqi ntawm kev hloov ntawm nws cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv no txoj hauj lwm ((ΔΦ / Δt) max), txij thaum lub kauj conductors yog tsiv perpendicular mus rau lub kab ntawm kev quab yuam.

Electromotive quab yuam sawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob rau hauv lub voj, muaj ib tug nqi siab tshaj plaws (E = Emax). Thaum ntxiv kev sib hloov ntawm winding ceev hloov flux tob tob rau hauv lub kauj yuav ua rau kom; yog li ntawd, EMF nyob rau hauv tsis muaj nqis yuav nce ntawm 0 mus Emax. Yog li, rau theem ntawm cov emf ntxias nyob rau hauv lub rotating kauj ib kiv puag ncig hloov los ntawm nws cov -Emax rau + Emax.

Peb qhib kauj hlau thiab muab nws mus rau lub oscilloscope. Thaum lub kauj rotates nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb, lub oscilloscope yuav sau tag nrho cov tam sim no hloov, uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim, thiab cov kev hloov ntawm lub electromotive quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub kauj thaum lub sij hawm ib tug kiv puag ncig.

Tus tam sim no generated nyob rau hauv lub kauj thaum lub sij hawm nws niaj hnub kho mob nyob rau hauv ib tug uniform magnetic teb, raws li qhia los ntawm waveform txawv sinusoidally. Qhov no tam sim no yog hu ua alternating sinusoidal.

Lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm uas tus electromotive quab yuam ua ib oscillation, hu ua lub sij hawm ntawm lub AC.

Tsab ntawv los oscillation lub sij hawm - T. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov oscillations ib 1 thib ob - tam sim no zaus, uas yog tso cai los ntawm tsab ntawv f. Nws ntsuas - Hertz (Hz):

f = 1 / T, los yog T = 1 / f.

Yog hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov EMF ntawm ib co arbitrary lub sij hawm yog denoted los ntawm e (nws instantaneous tus nqi), thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws nqi (ncov) - los ntawm lub Emax, txoj cai hais tawm lub dependence yog, los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm, muaj peev xwm yuav qhia raws li cov nram qab no qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug sinusoidal tam sim no:

e = Emax˖sin (2 / T) t.

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau lub teb chaws, muaj thiab thaj siv alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no nrog ib zaus ntawm 50 Hz, lub duration ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm 0,02 thib ob.

Kev npaj ntawm lub alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no los ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab zog yog ua los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb cov cav tov, uas yog hu ua generators. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov chaw ua hauj lwm - txoj kev cai electromagnetic induction. Cov feem ntau yooj yim oscillator Circuit Court yuav tsum muaj tuaj raws li ib tug ncej rotating ib ncig ntawm lub axis nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb ntawm ib tug electromagnet los yog tas mus li cov hlau nplaum. Thaum koj tig lub ncej tsim los ntawm lub nce mus nce los electromotive quab yuam nyob rau hauv nws. By txuas tus ncej mus ib lwm Circuit Court, peb tau txais ib alternating hluav taws xob tam sim no. Ib alternator muaj ib tug sib nqus system nyob ruaj ruaj thiab rotating coils lub tsev ncaw.

Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm cov generator windings (thauj tog rau nkoj) yog teem ruaj ruaj thiab cov hlau nplaum system (inductor) yog rotated. Nyob khov kho ib feem ntawm cov generator no yog hu ua ib tug stator, thiab rooj noj - rotor.