Barberry Amur: qib hauj lwm thiab cov duab

Amur barberry - yog ib tug tsob nroj ntawm tsev neeg Berberidaceae, yog ib lub hom ntawm barberry. Tsis yog txhua tus paub li cas yog no nroj tsuag. Qhov kev piav qhia thiab yees duab ntawm ib tug barberry Amur muaj nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Cheeb Tsam ntawm muab faib rau

Nyob rau hauv cov qus, Amur barberry hlob nyob rau hauv lub Primorsky Territory thiab yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub Khabarovsk Territory, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj ib feem ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Kauslim Teb, tej nyob rau hauv Nyiv. Lub npe yog vim qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub Amur hav dej.

Nws prefers deciduous, broad-leaved ntoo thuv thiab cedar-fir forests, hav zoov sawv, ntug dej ntawm lub roob hav dej, dej terraces, shrubs, qhuav mob rocky thiab gravelly slopes. Heev fond ntawm humus-nplua nuj av. Khoom thickets ntawm barberry hlob.

Cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej yog ib tug lub caij ntuj no-muaj zog, ntuj qhuav heev-resistant thiab thaum tshav kub kub-resistant, li ntawd, gardeners ntse tu thoob plaws Russia.

Barberry Amur: piav qhia ntawm ntau yam

Barberry yog subramose pos. Nws qhov siab - 3.5 meters. Tsob nroj nrog ncaj, me ntsis branched, txhim tsa thiab ribbed ceg uas poob rau hloov xim los ntawm daj rau grey.

Ob lub raum los ntawm Amur barberry liab los yog xim av xim, ib tug ntev ntawm 1.5 hli, ostrenkie. Cov nplooj yog muab tso rau tom ntej no, nplooj zoo - elliptical los yog obovate, daim ntawv ntev - 12 cm dav - 5 cm webbed yoojyim rau lawv tus kheej, cov npoo -. Kolyuchezubchatye finely. Nplooj xim mas nws txawv ntawm matt lub teeb ntsuab mus rau liab doog, tsaus liab. Nplooj loj hlob feem ntau rau luv luv tua beams.

Lub spines ntawm lub Amur barberry yellowish feem ntau yog tripartite, mus txog ib tug ntev ntawm 3 cm. One-xyoo quav yub feem ntau muaj 4-5 los yog 7 cais spines cylindrical los yog tiaj tus zoo thiab nyeem tas.

Lub Inflorescences muaj racemiform hav txwv yeem nyob rau hauv ntev - txog li 10 cm, nyob rau hauv lub inflorescence ntawm 10 mus rau 25 paj. Paj lawv tus kheej yog dai on ntev ntsug tus kav (txog 1 cm), cov xim - daj daj, muaj zog aroma txawv. Rau sepals obovate. Tej nplaim thiab Stamens thiab rau. Flowering tsob nroj Amur barberry nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub rau hli ntuj, lub caij ntawm flowering - mus txog rau 20 hnub.

Berries nyob rau hauv barberry yog dryish, ib tug ellipsoidal zoo, ib tug ntev ntawm txog 1 cm, cov xim - liab, qaub saj. Noob ovoid rau hauv cov duab, 4-5 hli nyob rau hauv ntev. 1 kg muaj txog 6200 txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub sij hawm ntawm fruiting tsob nroj - Lub yim hli ntuj-Lub kaum hli ntuj.

Qhia lub ntsiab ntawm cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov Amur barberry, peb yuav hais tias hnub no no nroj tsuag yog heev nrov. Vim zoo nkauj zoo tsob nroj, loj nplooj, ntau flowering thiab fruiting pom zoo rau niam hluas thiab pab pawg neeg cog, raws li zoo li hedges.

billet

Amur Barberry yog feem ntau siv rau lam hom phiaj. Sau cov nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tawv thiab cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Nplooj Ntxawm yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub rau hli ntuj, thaum lub barberry blooms. Nplooj yuav txiav nrog txiab los yog ib tug so. Tom qab ntawd lawv qhuav, tso rau ntawm daim ntawv los yog ntaub nyob rau hauv ib tug ventilated qhov chaw (nyob rau hauv lub nthab los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug toj). Tom qab lub nplooj tau qhuav, lawv yog tsaus ntsuab saum toj no thiab lub teeb ntsuab hauv qab. Lawv lawv tus kheej yog nyias, nkig, curled, nrog ib tug peculiar tsw thiab ib tug me ntsis acidic saj. Haum rau khaws cia qhuav, zoo-ventilated cheeb tsam. Nplooj yog muab, feem ntau yog 1-1.5 xyoo.

cov hauv paus hniav Ntxawm yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg (Lub kaum hli ntuj-Kaum ib hlis) thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav (Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj). Lawv yuav tsum tau khawb nrog ib tug duav, co tawm hauv av, txiav tawm lub me me keeb kwm, thiab qhuav huab cua. Ntxuav rau lawv yog tsis tsim nyog los tswj kho thaj chaw. Dried cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm 1.5-2 cm, thiab qhuav zoo. Rau no haum raws li ib tug los los yog nthab thiab tshuab los yog qhov cub. Zoo qhuav keeb kwm muaj longitudinal kab, hauv ib tug txiv qaub-daj sab nrauv - xim av, nrog me ntsis tsw phem thiab ib tug ntsim saj.

Nkaus hav txwv yeem paus system yog tsis siv, yuav tawm soj caum 10-15 cm. Tuab cov hauv paus hniav (kab uas hla ntawm ntau tshaj 6 cm) yog siv tsuas yog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm daim tawv thiab cov tub ntxhais.

Lub qhuav keeb kwm yog ntim rau hauv lub hnab thiab khaws cia rau 3 xyoos.

tawv billet tshwm sim nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav (Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj-Tsib Hlis), thaum lub kua ntoo txaus pib. Ua li no, haum cov hluas ceg, uas yog Notched nyob ib ncig ntawm lub lub cheeb ntawm 10-15 cm, ces txiav lengthwise thiab tshem tawm cov kiav txhab. Nws yuav tsum tau yuav qhuav li cov hauv paus hniav. Thaum qhuav tawv zoo xws li ib tug raj nrog grooves los yog ntoo residues rau lub puab nto. Cov xim ntawm cov qhuav tawv yog yellowish gray sab hauv thiab grey los yog brownish-daj nyob rau sab nraum, nrog cov uas tsis muaj kev tsis hnov tsw thiab ntsim saj. Nws yuav khaws cia rau 3 xyoos.

Muab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm sim tom qab lawv tag nrho cov maturation nyob rau hauv lub lig lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum yuav thawj te. Qhuav yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub hnub, nyob rau hauv ib tug toj los yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub.

Cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees thiab khoom pharmacological

Barberry Amur nplua nuj alkaloids, berberine, palmitin li al. Tawv thiab cov hauv paus hniav nplua nuj berberine, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, tanning, coloring thiab resinous tshuaj.

Barberry txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv qab zib, carotene, vitamin K, ascorbic, citric, tartaric, malic acid, alkaloids, tannin, pectin, coloring tshuaj, mineral ntsev. Cov nplooj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tannins, resinous tshuaj, tseem ceeb roj, vitamin C, malic acid, carotene, filohinonom.

Nyob rau hauv kev npaj barberry inflammatory, choleretic, diuretic, antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic thiab antiseptic thaj. Nrog rau cov khoom ntawm lub barberry berberine thiaj li ntshav siab, mem tes qeeb tachycardia, ua rau kom cov ndlwg ntawm bile.

Amur barberry lug siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Lawv kho mob daim siab tus kab mob thiab tsib lub zais zis, pais plab rwj thiab duodenal ulcers, mob ntawm lub Upper pa ib ntsuj av tau thiab tuberculosis. Nrog barberry kho raws plab, dysentery, mob hawb pob. Tincture ntawm barberry nres uterine los ntshav nyob rau hauv lub postpartum lub sij hawm.

Cog thiab Care

Amur barberry yog tsis kus kes txog av, yog tsis ntshai ntawm muaj zog cua, tolerates ntuj qhuav heev, tsis nyiam waterlogged xwb. Photophilous tsob nroj, tab sis yuav loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas muaj tib tug feature: yog hais tias lub bushes loj hlob nyob rau hauv ncaj qha tshav ntuj, cov xim ntawm cov nplooj yog nyeem ntshav; los ntawm fab loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo, cov nplooj yuav tam sim no ntsuab.

Thaum ib cog kev ncua deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau kwv yees li 1,5-2 'meter'. Ua dawb do loj hlob hedge, cog ob fab ntawm barberry nyob rau hauv 1 'meter'. Yog hais tias koj xav tau ib tug tuab hedge, lub hav txwv yeem 4 mus rau 1 'meter'.

Cov nroj tsuag loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv acidic thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab hauv av, txawm hais tias prefers nruab nrab.

Cov av sib tov twb npaj rau cog ntawm vaj teb av, humus thiab xuab zeb nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib proportions. Yog hais tias cov av yog tseem qaub, nws yog pom zoo kom mus nqa tawm Liming.

Pub cov nroj tsuag yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub thib ob xyoo tom qab cog. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yog ua li cas nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm nitrogen chiv. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum pub 1 txhua txhua 3 lub xyoos ntawm complex chiv nrog ib txoj lw ntsiab. Barberry watered 1 lub sij hawm rau ib lub lim tiam. Cov nroj tsuag kuj nyiam heev weeding thiab hoeing.

Tuav txhua xyoo pruning barberry - tshem tawm cov qaug zog, tsis zoo tsim tua. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav qub fab ntshaw kom nyias tawm. Shaping hedges, pruning yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub thib ob xyoo tom qab cog, txiav tawm uas hais txog ib nrab ntawm cov aerial ib feem. Tom qab no pruning yog nqa tawm 2 lub sij hawm ib xyoos: nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj thiab nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj.

Cov kab mob thiab cov kab

Amur Barberry yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hauv qab no kab:

1. Barberry aphids - nrog rau cov nplooj shrivel thiab qhuav li. Nws yuav pab tau tshem ntawm ib tug tov ntawm xab npum (300 gr. Xab npum thoob dej). Tsuag nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
2. Paj npauj - Cov no kab lia noj tam sim ntawd tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yuav pab tau tshem ntawm nws, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) los yog "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Ntawm cov kab mob tej zaum yuav tau hais powdery pwm. Nws yog manifested raws li ib tug powdery lo rau nplooj, tua thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Muab tshem ntawm nws yuav pab colloidal tshuaj ntawm cov leej faj (0.5%), sulfur-txiv qaub-leej faj sib tov los yog txiv qaub broth. Thawj tsuag thaum Bloom yoojyim thiab ces txhua txhua 2-3 lub lis piam. Loj kab mob tua yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv.

Barberry xeb nyob rau hauv lub hoob no yuav cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj li lwm yam kev barberry.

Hais tawm thiab sau qoob ntawm barberry Amur

Propagated nroj tsuag los mus faib lub hav txwv yeem, keeb kwm, cuttings thiab noob. Nrog rau cov thawj tag nrho ntshiab, xav txog lub Amur barberry loj hlob los ntawm noob.

Sow lub noob, yuav poob. Freshly picked berries mus nias, tshau los ntawm ib tug sieve, yaug thiab maj mam qhuav.

qoob loo nws tus kheej yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv pre-npaj furrows ntawm ib tug tob ntawm tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 1 cm ntawm av rau loj hlob Amur barberry yuav tsum xoob thiab fertile, thiab lub cheeb tsam -. qhib thiab zoo-zes. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov, lub noob yuav ciaj sia nyob rau hauv unison. Thaum muaj yuav tsum muaj ob tug tiag tiag nplooj, lub seedlings yuav tsum nyias tawm, tawm hauv nruab nrab ntawm lawv ib tug deb ntawm txog 3 cm. Tom qab hais tias, nws yog zoo dua tsis mus rau hloov seedlings, transplanting yog sai tau tom qab ob lub xyoos.

siv barberry

Siv cov Amur barberry multifaceted. Dhau li nws kho mob thaj chaw ntawm barberry fab tsim hedges thiab curbs. Cov lov tas vau yog kev zoo heev tej yam kev mob ntawm central Russia. Hedge ntawm lawv yog cov impenetrable. Lawv yuav muab tau yooj yim txiav, ua tej yam hauv daim ntawv ntawm fab. Barberry yog haum rau soliternyh, thiab rau pab pawg neeg cog, sau qoob rau hauv pob zeb teb thiab raws li av cover.

xaiv

Cov feem nrov ntau yam ntawm lub Amur barberry - yog Orpheus thiab japonica.

Orpheus - ib tug compact fab ntawm loj me me. Nws kaj nplooj thiab nws tsis Bloom.

Japonica muaj sab nplooj thiab ntev daj inflorescence, drooping nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug txhuam hniav. Tsaug rau no nroj tsuag yog heev zoo nkauj.