Chlorine dioxide: formula, application. Los ntawm chlorine dioxide ntawm lub cev

Cov tshuaj chlorine ua dioxide, los yog ClO ₂ - yog ib tug inorganic compound ntawm ib tug tshuaj caij Cl (tshuaj) nrog cov tshuaj caij O (oxygen). Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav siv ntau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, nrog rau kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw uas nws tau siv, li cas nws tau txais hauv cov chaw kuaj mob thiab kev lag luam, nws ua li cas hauv lub cev.

Dioxide yog dab tsi? Qhov txawv ntawm dioxide thiab oxide

Ntau tus tub ntxhais kawm tau poob ntawm qhov pom ntawm lo lus "dioxide" vim hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb, xws li chemistry, qhov tswv yim no twb tau ntev me ntsis lawm. Lo lus "dioxide" tseem muaj nyob hauv cov phau ntawv, cov phau ntawv thiab hauv Internet, tab sis qee lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txwv tsis pub piav qhia seb nws yog dab tsi.

Yog li, peb txhua tus paub tias dab oxide yog dab tsi. Oxide yog oxygen compound (O) nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj electronegative tsawg dua. Oxide thiab ib tug ClO _2. Dioxide tseem hu ua "compound" uas muaj ob hom tshuaj A "Atom" nyob rau hauv lo lus "dioxide" txhais tias "ob".

Yog tias koj hnov lo lus "dioxide", tom qab ntawd ces nyob rau hauv qhov kev txuas ntawd muaj ob hom tshuaj oxygen. Qhov no yuav pab koj sau cov tshuaj formula ntawm lub khoos phis.

Cov khoom ntawm lub cev

Chlorine dioxide yog ib yam khoom uas muaj gaseous uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntxhiab, nrog rau xim liab daj. Tab sis thaum sov li 10 degrees Celsius cov khoom hloov nws txoj kev sib hloov hauv lub cev thiab hloov mus ua kua ntawm xim liab xim liab. Nws cia li tawg thaum rhuab. Zoo heev thiab sai dissolves nyob rau hauv dej. Nws sib tov zoo heev thiab dissolves nyob rau hauv ib co organic solvents, xws li acetic thiab sulfuric acids. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv yog -59 degrees Celsius, thiab nws txoj kev kub nyhiab yog 9.7 degrees Celsius.

Kev npaj los ntawm kev sim

Rau hnub tim, siv tsuas yog ib txoj kev ua tshuaj dioxide nyob rau hauv lub laboratory - los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm poov tshuaj chlorate (KClO ₃₎ nrog oxalic acid, uas muaj cov mis H ₂ C ₂ O _4. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog faib ClO _2, raws li zoo li dej thiab sodium oxalate.

Txawm li cas los ClO ₂ yuav tau txais lwm txoj kev. Rau qhov no muaj qhov tshwj xeeb kev txhim kho. Kev txhim kho tshuaj chlorine dioxide yog ib qho qauv tseem ceeb. Xws li ib qho kev teeb tsa muaj xws li ib chav tswj hwm, reactor, twj rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw kom haum rau cov reactor, thiab ntau yam li qub thiab li qub. Rau ClO ₂ siv sulfuric acid, kev daws teeb meem ntawm sodium tshuaj dawb thiab sodium chlorate. Yog li ntawd, kev daws cov tshuaj chlorine dioxide tau.

Ntau lawm los ntawm txoj kev muaj

ClO _2, zaum kawm tau li cas los tsim thiab muaj txoj kev. Rau qhov no, yuav txo tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, uas sodium chlorate txo nrog sulfur dioxide. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj dioxide yog tso tawm, qhov kev npaj ntawm cov uas peb tau ua, thiab sodium hydrogen sulfate.

Tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj

Chlorine dioxide muaj ob peb yam tshuaj lom neeg. ClO ₂ yog ib qho acidic oxide (nws exhibits acidic zog, thiab kuj tas kislosoderzhaschie acid). Thaum dissolving tshuaj chlorine dioxide hauv dej, muaj qhov tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim, uas yog cov acids xws li chloric thiab chloride. Yog chlorine oxide nws tus kheej tau tawg hauv lub teeb, nws cov kev daws teeb meem ruaj khov hauv tsaus nti, thiab tsis tawg hauv lub teeb, tab sis decompose heev maj mam.

ClO ₂ nyob rau hauv ntau tshua behaves li oksilitel nruab nrab lub dag lub zog, reacts nrog thiaj li muaj ntau lub tebchaw ntawm cov organic Science News for KIDS.

Daim ntawv thov

Chlorine dioxide, kev siv uas yog ntau ntau thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb, tam sim no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Feem ntau cov khoom no feem ntau yog ua tshuaj dawb. Cov tshuaj chlorine ua oxide siv nyob rau hauv particular rau tshuaj dawb tso cov ntaub ntawv xws li daim ntawv, hmoov, thiab lwm yam

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog xam los ntawm chemists ClO ₂ yog ib tug ntawm cov haib tshaj antimicrobial agents thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tias yog vim li cas nws yog siv ntau yam kom tsis muaj menyuam, nrog rau kev tua kab mob ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Nws tua pathogenic microbes los ntawm oxidation, vim yog qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov nruab nrab oxidizer. Chlorine dioxide, kev siv uas tau nce vim yog cov kua qaub av, tam sim no yog ib yam khoom uas tsis tsim nyog.

Cov tshuaj no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev lag luam vim tias muaj qee cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw uas cuam tshuam kev lag luam thiab kev nyab xeeb. Es ho nrog rau kev siv ClO ₂ yog kiag li muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov ib puag ncig ib ncig ntawm peb. Txog rau hnub no, siv cov gaseous, nrog rau cov kua Cl rau kev kho kom zoo thiab tua tau dej. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, vim muaj teeb meem ntawm ib puag ncig, siv tus kab mob zoo tshaj plaws - chlorine dioxide. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj ntshiab yeeb tshuaj, npe hu rau peb ClO ₂ tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub chlorination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntsiab.

Dej, disinfected nrog tshuaj, koj yuav tsis tsuas haus dej, tab sis kuj siv los ntxuav qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tab sis tshuaj chlorine dioxide tau pab daws qhov teeb meem no: nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo, vim nws tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj chlorination.

Los ntawm chlorine dioxide ntawm lub cev

Chlorine dioxide, nws cov nyhuv ntawm lub cev yog kawm los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb rau ntau xyoo. Tam sim no cov tshuaj no yog siv tshuaj yeem hauv cov zaub mov, xws li kev ntxiv E926. Hmoov tsis, ntau cov E tshuaj yog cov teeb meem loj heev, thiab cov tib neeg tsis zoo, cov neeg siv khoom, me ntsis paub txog lawv. Qee cov khoom ntxiv, yog li cas, tsis muaj teeb meem, tiam sis nws muaj kev txaus ntshai. Chlorine dioxide tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv nruab nrab: nws yog tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lub cev, nws yog qhov tsis zoo, tab sis cov tshuaj no tsis muaj kev phiv rau tib neeg lub cev, tsis zoo li niaj hnub nim no cov sodium glutamate.

Thaum noj zaub mov nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov khoom noj no yuav tshwm sim tau hnoos, qee zaum muaj zog thiab ntev, kev tsuj plab ntawm cov mucous membranes, hawb pob. Yog tias cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob ua pa, qhov mob ntawm lub ntsws tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Chlorine dioxide yog ib yam khoom tseem ceeb heev uas cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog ntau pua xyoo. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, yog ib puag ncig zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb (ntawm chav kawm, tsuas yog siv nrog txoj kev siv).