Classic - qhov no ... Los yog cov brightest cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab classical ntaub ntawv

Heev feem ntau peb tau hnov lub sij hawm "classical" los yog "classic". Tab sis hais tias yog kos nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus no?

Classic - qhov no yog ...

Lo lus "classic" muaj ob peb lub ntsiab. Feem ntau cov haiv neeg miv tsua dictionaries muaj ib tug ntawm lawv - lub classics: ntaub ntawv, suab paj nruag, kos duab los yog architecture. Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus no yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau ib co kev piv txwv ntawm cov kos duab, xws li "classics ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem." Txawm li cas los, feem ntau hais txog cov neeg lub sij hawm raws xa mus rau ib tug lub sij hawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug kos duab daim ntawv no, tsis nco qab lub fact tias cov classical sau phau ntawv yog ranked tsuas ib co ntawm cov feem ntau muaj kev vam meej. Cov ntaub ntawv yog ib tug classic ntawm tag nrho cov uas tau raug sau nyob rau hauv lub 18-19 centuries. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, muab txoj kev mus rau ib tug classic tiam no. Muaj ntau sau ntawv-modernists sim los rhuav predsshestvuyuschey kev lig kev cai, sim mus nrhiav ib tug tshiab daim ntawv no, lub ntsiab, cov ntsiab lus. Lwm tus, txawm li cas los, siv tej hauj lwm ntawm predecessors rau lawv tus kheej lub hom phiaj. Yog li, tej hauj lwm ntawm postmodern tag nrho ntawm allusions thiab reminiscences.

Classic - qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav yeej ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv zam. Qhov no yog ib tug qauv uas nrhiav peb worldview, uas qhia tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib lub teb chaws muab lub sij hawm.

Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv yuav tsum tau hu ua classics?

Raws li hais saum toj no, nyob rau hauv Cov Qib ntawm classics tsis tau npe txhua tus neeg sau, tab sis tsuas yog cov uas nws ua hauj lwm tau muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai. Tej zaum tus thawj classical sau ntawv uas tau ncaim ib tug tseem ceeb cim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv - ib tug Lomonosov thiab Derzhavin.

Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov

Nws txawj creation ntog rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo. Nws tho xwsli classicism, yog li ntawd tsis suav nrog cov classics ntawm nws lub sij hawm, yog tsis yooj yim sua. Lomonosov ua ib tug enormous pab, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev kawm yam lus (tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub hom lus yog peb yeej), raws li zoo raws li Science News for KIDS, physics thiab kev kawm zauv. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm nws proivedeniya: "Sawv ntxov / yav tsaus ntuj meditation rau lub Divine Majesty," "Ode rau lub accession ...", "sib tham nrog Anacreon", "Tsab ntawv ntawm cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov iav." Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias feem ntau ntawm cov poetic ntawv Lomonosov muaj ib tug cim imitative. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm, Mikhail Vasilyevich twb coj los ntawm Horace thiab lwm yam classical sau phau ntawv.

Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin

Classic ntaub ntawv ntawm lub 18th xyoo pua yog sawv cev los ntawm lwm lub npe - nws Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin. Qhov loj tshaj proizvdeniya no sau: "Monument", "Felitsa". Los ntawm thaum ntxov 19th caug xyoo nws yog tus brightest poetic lub cev uas yuav outshine nws tsuas Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin.

Nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau lub npe tag nrho cov brightest sau ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm. Lavxias teb sab classics nplua nuj nyob rau hauv talantlvye npe. Lub classics yuav muab suav hais Fonvizin, Krylov, Karamzin, Zhukovsky.

Xyoo pua puv 19, hu ua Golden muaj hnub nyoog ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, muab tawm los tseem zog tshaj yav dhau los yog ib tug. Nws tag nrho cov pib nrog lub era ntawm cov loj tshaj ntse heev - Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin

"Tsom kab tsom kwm tus ntsuj plig ntawm tib neeg" - qhov no kab muaj peev xwm faib nyob rau hauv Pushkin lub paj huam critic VG Belinsky. Pushkin twb tau mus txia ua lub Lavxias teb sab lus, nws muab nws qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim - ib yam dab tsi uas yog tsis nyob rau hauv sau ntawv ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo. Nws cov paj huam yog tag nrho ntawm kev zoo thiab kev tseeb, nws yog riddled nrog txoj kev hlub rau txiv neej, mus rau lub neej, rau lub ntiaj teb no. Sau cov ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tus sau tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua, vim hais tias daim ntawv no ntev heev. Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau twv yuav raug hu highlight nws tshiab nyob rau hauv nqe "Eugene Onegin", aptly muaj npe Belinsky "encyclopedia ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub neej." Tag nrho txoj kev hlub rau hauv lub teb twb embodied nyob rau hauv no me me volume ntawm lyric-epic ua hauj lwm, ntxiv mus, Pushkin, zoo li lwm leej lwm tus, muaj kev tswj kom ntes tau cov essence ntawm lub era, raws li zoo raws li tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb cov poj niam ua cim uas tau pom txuas ntxiv thoob plaws hauv lub tom ntej cov ntaub ntawv. Tus thawj lub koom haum uas los nrog lo lus "classic" - nws yog Pushkin.

Mihail Yurevich Lermontov

Qhov no sau justly yuav hu ua lub successor ntawm Pushkin. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm tsawg lightness thiab qhib siab dawb paug, nyob rau hauv lwm cov tes, lyrics Lermontov tej zaum grim, tej zaum tsausmuag ntawm cov neeg. Lermontov yog acutely paub txog nws tej kev kho siab, nrog rau cov neeg rhuav. Tag nrho cov no ua rau ib tug kab ntawm nws cov kwv huam. Classical ntaub ntawv - nws yog nws tshiab "A Hero of Our Lub sij hawm". Ntawm no cov txawj sau ntawv tau ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tiag tiag kev puas siab ntsws, depicting ib tug sib sib zog nqus, muaj teeb meem. Cov dab neeg muab xam rau tej qhov chaw xav, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb classic qauv tshau.

Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol

Classical sau ntawv ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov xyoo pua puv 19, ib txoj lw lawv cov keeb kwm los ntawm Gogol lub chaw ua hauj lwm, cov thawj neeg uas xav tau qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv Russia. Nws tej hauj lwm tau raug qhia ntau yam: hlub lawv lub teb chaws, charitably hais txog rau cov neeg uas nrhiav tsis xws luag feem ntau nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej thiab ua kom tshem tau kabmob lawv. Lub ceeb tshaj plaws yog tej hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg sau - ib tug comedy "soj ntsuam" thiab cov paj huam "tuag Souls".

Cov sau ntawv ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov xyoo pua puv 19

Ntawm cov paj huam yuav tsum highlight F. I. Tyutcheva thiab A. A. Feta. Lawv cim nws tag nrho cov paj huam ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 19th caug xyoo. Cov novelists - raws li kaj nrhiav, zoo li I. S. Turgenev, F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chehov thiab lwm yam tej hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm no yog tag nrho lub hlwb kev tshawb fawb .. Txhua lub muaj tiag tshiab muab peb ib tug txawv tshaj plaw lub ntiaj teb no qhov twg tag nrho cov cim yog twv kaj thiab tseem ceeb heev. Yuav tsis tau nyeem cov phau ntawv, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tau xav txog. Classic - yog qhov tob ntawm kev xav, sib ntaus ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj, ib tug luag hauj lwm qauv. Txawm izoschralis modernists, hais tias kev kos duab yuav tsum tau khaws cia tseg los ntawm morality, tej hauj lwm ntawm classical sau ntawv qhia peb qhov feem ntau zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub neej.