Raws li ib zaug hais tias tus poj German philosopher Fridrih Nitsshe, "txhua yam yog txheeb ze". Tseeb, tib neeg muaj ib tug lossis loj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom thiab cov kev pab cuam. Cov neeg sib tw nrog txhua lwm yam, xaiv lawv cov phooj ywg thiab nrog rau tsev neeg lub neej. Yog li ntawd lub hlwb peb yeej ib txwm ib yam dab tsi uas piv rau txhua lwm yam. Thiab muab tso rau nws kuj nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv, peb siv lub cais qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus uas qhia cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom, tej yam tshwm sim los yog lwm yam kev ua. Ua li no, thiab muaj cov degrees ntawm kev sib piv ntawm adverbs thiab adjectives, qhov twg txoj cai rau kev kawm ntawv thiab peb xav txog nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.
morphology
Adverb - yog ib tug neeg sab nraud ib feem ntawm kev hais lus, uas tej zaum yuav sawv cev rau ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev txiav txim (khiav li - ceev ;? Nyeem yuav ua li cas - ua tib zoo?), Tej yam tshwm sim cim (illuminated zoo li - kaj ;? zog li - ntau?), Thiab nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob, nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog nyob ze tej yam nouns, tus kwv feature (tseem heev ib tug me nyuam, nyeem ntawv nrov nrov). Cov proposals yog feem ntau nyob rau tom ntej mus rau lub verbs, adjectives thiab adverbs lwm, ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim, thiab yog hais tias yuav mus rau ib tus, lub ntsiab txhais. Degrees ntawm kev sib piv adverbs qhia qhov txawv los yog piv txog ntau yam kev ua los yog ntau tus nta, allocating ib tug ntawm ob los yog ib tug ntawm lawv tag nrho. Thiab vim hais tias cov kev cai ntawm tsim thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm lub tswv yim yog zoo heev rau cov adjectives, ces cim lawv nyob rau hauv lub cellar.
Yuav ua li cas lus muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau
Degrees ntawm kev sib piv ntawm adverbs peev xwm yuav tsim los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no ib feem ntawm tus hais lus, uas muaj feem rau ob lub qhov zoo thiab attributive, t. E. Qhia raws li ib tug feature los yog kev txiav txim. Piv txwv li: mus ceev ceev, sib ntaus nco ntsoov, kev hlub ua tib zoo, ci ntsa iab ci teeb. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sai sai to taub nws, koj yuav nco ntsoov yooj yim txoj kev: cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev sib piv xwb tsim los ntawm lub dialects, uas yuav tsum tau roughly muab rau hauv adjectives. Fast - ceev ceev, siab tawv - siab tawv, siab mos siab muag - ua siab dawb siab, kaj - kaj, etc. lwm adverbs ntawm lub sij hawm (ib txwm lig), qhov chaw (ua ntej), ua (involuntarily, nyob rau hauv ib tug npau), lub hom phiaj (nyob rau hauv jest, nyob rau lub hom phiaj .. ), kev ntsuas thiab degree (a ntau, cia li ib tug me ntsis), hom ntawm kev txiav txim (taug kev, sullenly) ua tau li ntawd yog kom meej meej tsis yooj yim sua. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias tsuas zoo adverbs raug tsim los ntawm tib lub paug adjectives los ntawm tshem lub kaw thiab muab cov tom qab "-o".
hais
Qhov no kuj implies qhov kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau yuam kev nyob rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus. Namely, lub luv luv ntaub ntawv ntawm adjectives yooj yim meej pem nrog zoo adverbs. Piv txwv li, xav txog ob yooj yim ua ke: "Nws yog funny tso dag" thiab "Yes, nws yog funny." Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub no nws txhais tau tias adverb, txij li thaum nws koom mus rau ib tug qhia txog kev ua (predicate) qhia ib tug kos npe rau ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, yog li teb mus rau lub "yuav ua li cas" thiab yog ib qhov zoo tshaj. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kab lus, lo lus "siab" yog ib tug luv luv hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov chaw, yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug hais lo lus (kev kawm), qhia cov kev kawm cov khoom uas teb rau lo lus nug "li cas?" Thiab qhia txog yuav ua li cas lub predicate. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ob qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus, lub saum toj no tsom xam ntawm qhov teeb meem yog tsim nyog los ua ib lo lus, thiab ces txhua yam yuav ua kom meej.
Yuav ua li cas rau comparative daim ntawv ntawm ib tug adverb
Yog lwm tau erroneous tsis meej pem. Qhov teeb meem yog hais tias lub txheeb ze hauv daim ntawv ntawm degree adverbs sib piv ua nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li nyob rau hauv adjectives, t. E. By muab cov tom qab "e, -s, yog nws, -she, -zhe" mus rau lub sab saum toj, tej zaum nrog truncated los yog hloov los ntawm lub xeem ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub hloov los ntawm tag nrho lo lus. Piv txwv li, lub "far - nyob ze - los ze zog, zoo nkauj - zoo nkauj tshaj / zoo nkauj / zoo nkauj, zoo - zoo me me - tsawg". Txij li thaum lub tsim ntawm tej yam yooj yim (hluavtaws) rau degrees ntawm kev sib piv ntawm adverbs, lub rooj yuav muaj xws li nws nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov thawj kem, thiab hais tias nws yog zoo tib yam rau lub chaw nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Dua noj ob proposals rau ib qho piv txwv: "Nws dhia li" thiab "Tus tub ntawm no yog ntau dua." Nws kuj yuav tsum tau tsom xam: nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog ib qho adverb, yog hais txog mus rau lub predicate, yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev txiav txim, teb cov nqe lus nug "yuav ua li cas?", Thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob piv txwv - tus chaw. Lwm daim ntawv ntawm kev sib piv ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv (feem / Analytical) nyob rau hauv cov sib txawv qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, tab sis yog sib npaug tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv kev pab lo lus "ntau" los yog "tsawg tshaj". Piv txwv li, ib tug "siab dua" thiab "tsis ze" los ntawm lub adjectives "ntau dua" thiab "tsis ze" nyob rau hauv tongues.
Yuav ua li cas Tsim ib superior daim ntawv
Adverbs nyob rau hauv sib piv degree qhia hais tias qhov kev txiav txim / attribute lo lus denoted ntau yam ntxwv tshaj rau lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj kuj yog lwm daim ntawv, uas yog hu ua "zoo heev". Nws qhia txog qhov kev txiav txim / kos npe rau tag nrho cov uas tau hnov txog nws nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws degree ntawm kev sib piv adverbs, thiab yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv kev pab lo lus "tag nrho" (ib feem), los yog cov tom qab "-eyshe, -ayshe" (yooj yim). Xeem yam ntxwv tsuas yog rau tej lo lus, feem ntau obsolete (txo hwj chim, txo hwj chim), thiab yog li ntawd yuav luag tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv reference nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Tab sis siv ib tug tivthaiv rau degrees ntawm kev sib piv ntawm adverbs. Ce thiab cov piv txwv nws yog tau tuaj mus nrog ib yam ntawm cov lus: dhia saum toj no tag nrho, muaj tsawg tshaj li tag nrho cov, mus dhau tag nrho cov, mus ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws, thiab yog li rau ..