Discrete - cov cuab yeej ntawm ib tug

Discrete - ib tug philosophical qeb denoting tsis muaj ib tug unified tag nrho, ib tug system, nyob rau hauv materialism - ncua. Nws yog tus nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub cosmological theories ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, raws li zoo raws li lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug materialistic kev txiav txim zoo.

Tus nqi thiab projections

Discrete - yog tu ncua, ywj siab nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tus kwv. Piv txwv li, cov discrete nqi - tws tawm ntawm lub cev los yog cov ntaub ntawv uas numeric los cais muaj nuj nqi. Discrete phenomenon - tsis ruaj tsis khov phenomenon uas yuav siv sij hawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, feem ntau nrog rau cov opposite lub ntsiab lus. Discrete lub xeev - fragmented, tsis roos ib tug ua tiav daim duab ntawm lub phenomenon los yog khoom ntiag tug ntawm teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv kev, discrete - yog tu ncua los ntawm lub projection ntawm ntau dua cov kev tshawb fawb yam khoom los yog tej yam ntuj tso khoom. Txawm tias, nyob rau hauv tus, ib yam khoom, raws li zoo li nws lub zog muaj peev xwm yuav hais raws li discrete ib yam dab tsi xwb vim hais tias nws yog yooj yim los ntawm ib tug methodological taw tes ntawm view. Ib tug zoo xws li cov txheej txheem yog siv nyob rau hauv philosophy thiab nyob rau hauv science, thaum nws tib leeg xwb los ntawm ib tug kawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.

Laaj thiab discontinuity

"Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, txhua yam yog tus txheeb ze." Txij li thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Socrates thiab Parmenides qhov tseeb yog tsis muaj lawm mas. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, ib tug philosophical cov lus rov ntawm "discrete" suab zoo li "laaj", taub hau, kev ntseeg siab. Tab sis dab tsi yuav tu ncua, thiab hais tias kontiniualnym? Lub tswvyim ntawm "discrete" thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yog ib methodologically tsis ruaj tsis khov. Noj, piv txwv li, Democritean cosmological kev tshawb xav, uas qhia txog tus notion ntawm "atom". Peb yog accustomed mus txhais nws raws li lub hauv paus ntawm cov hav zoov. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Greek lo lus no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub semantic qhov chaw ntawm lub philosopher meant "indivisible." Uas yog, lub ntug, raws li lub tswv yim kev kho mob, muaj ib tug plurality ntawm "undivided" varied nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab tus nqi. Nws puv tawm ib qho kev nthuav tshaj plaws: lub hauv paus ntawm lub laaj ntawm lub neej, thaum lub qab ntuj khwb thiab teeb meem - discrete.

ontological ntsiab lus

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kev daws teeb meem - nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub laaj ntawm lub opposite. Qhov no yog ib tug tseem ceeb ligament qhia dialectically opposite yam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv medieval thiab classical philosophy - qhov chaw thiab lub sij hawm. Los yog ua, thiab twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th. Ib tug zoo xws li cov khub ntawm antipodes nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no cov lus philosophy - sau ntawv thiab kev daws. Heev tsuas: tsab ntawv yog discrete, tab sis minutely thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, sai sai ua obsolete. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub discourse yog mobile, nws qhia tus puas-hloov qhov ntawm tej yam, thiab yog li ntawd tas mus li. Cov teeb meem tsuas yog tias nws tsis yog ib txwm tau siv cov tsiaj ntawv qhia uas qhia txog kev hais lus, kev xav, nco qab.

Nyob rau hauv lub wake ntawm Lej

Txawm li cas los, Demokritova logic fwm nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm. Tam sim no lub sij hawm "discrete" txhais tau tias tsuas yog tus muaj ib tug plurality ntawm cov khoom uas muab lub hauv thawj yam ntxwv ntseeg. Direct muaj ib tug plurality ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Chaw - ib tug infinite tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom nyob rau ntawm tej coordinates. Txog zauv series kuj tu ncua rau tus neeg tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, kev daws teeb meem - yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib yam twj paj nruas, thiab uas yuav tsum tau kev raws li ib tug tag nrho, tas mus li, thiab raws li ib tug system constructible los ntawm weaker hlwb. Philosophical to taub ntawm lub ntug, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub yav dhau los xyoo 2500, yuav luag tsis hloov. Nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm cov tswv yim sib cav ntawm lub Relativity ntawm txhua yam.