Diuretics, lawv lub hom phiaj, zog, kev siv

Diuretics los yog diuretics yooj yim, - yog cov tshuaj uas txhawb cov feem ntawm cov zis thiab txo tus nqi ntawm cov dej muaj nyob rau hauv serous kab noj hniav thiab cov nqaij mos. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob, diuretics yog siv raws li ib tug adjunct nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plawv, raum, siab, nrog los ntawm edema. Diuretics yog npaj pawg los txo los yog tshem tawm stagnation, thiab lub ntsiab kev kho mob yuav tsum tshem tawm lub pathological txheej txheem, provoking tsub zuj zuj ntawm tshaj kua nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Tus thawj ntawm diuretic tshuaj ntawm high efficiency twb txog ib puas xyoo dhau los, thaum lub diuretic nyhuv ntawm mercury twb pom heev los ntawm kev huam yuaj, tab sis, theej nws tebchaw siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm syphilis. Tam sim no, cov tshuaj mercury diuretics yog tsis siv vim nws cov high toxicity, tab sis txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov nyiaj no tau ua si ib tug loj luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv shaping niaj hnub notions ntawm extrarenal mechanisms thiab diuretic diuretic kev txiav txim.

Tsis tas li ntawd yav tas los siv obsolete mercury diuretics, uas yog xanthine derivatives, tam sim no tsim thiab siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm lwm yam zoo tshaj tshuaj: dihlotiazid, furosemide tsiklometiazid (derivatives benzothiadiazine) Diacarbum (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), pterofen - triamterene, Leo Allatius (derivatives ntawm pteridine thiab pyrimidine) et al.

Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm cov tshuaj rau tshwj kom txhob tsub zuj zuj ntawm tshaj kua nyob rau hauv lub cev, tej yam ntuj tso diuretics yog lug siv (cog) xws li cowberry thiab bearberry nplooj, ntau yam raum teas, birch buds, diuretics nqi № № 1 thiab 2, horsetail tshuaj ntsuab.

Diuretics ntsiab nyhuv yog ua kom lub raum feem ntawm sodium ions thiab dej. Vim nws muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau cov dej electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas, vascular cov laus thiab cov ntshav ntim, diuretics yog feem ntau siv raws li antihypertensive agents. Diuretics muaj ib tug muaj zog diuretic txiav txim vim acceleration ntawm lub raum feem xyuas daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm lom hnub ntau yam dej-soluble tshuaj.

Ib tug, uas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov yam ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm diuretics kev faib rau hnub tim tsis muaj nyob. Tag nrho diuretics muaj ib tug txawv tshuaj qauv, txawv los ntawm ib lwm nyob rau hauv lawv cov chaw mechanism, potency, ceev ntawm pib ntawm cov nyhuv, nws ntev thiab kev phiv. Rau ib lub sij hawm ntev kev faib ntawm diuretics raug raws li nyob rau hauv lawv cov tshuaj qauv, lawv kuj tau npaj siab mus cais lawv raws li qhov xwm ntawm tus cawv rau ob lub raum, tab sis rau ntau diuretics thiab yuav extrarenal kev txiav txim. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov diuretics rationally txwv kom muab zais los ntawm lawv cov mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim.

Raws li cov pharmacodynamics ntawm cov tshuaj, tag nrho cov niaj hnub diuretics raug muab faib ua peb pawg:

• poov tshuaj-sparing diuretics tsub kom lub feem ntawm sodium thiab me ntsis rau poov tshuaj feem. Cov no muaj xws amiloride, triamterene, spironolactone thiab eplerenone.
• saluretics - thiazide derivatives, thiazide, voj diuretics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
• osmotic diuretics, ua lub siab nyob rau hauv lub tubules thiab tiv thaiv kom lub reabsorption ntawm cov dej - mannitol, urea.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub kev faib ntawm pharmacodynamics ntawm diuretics yog txwv kom muab zais raws li cov kev ceev ntawm pib thiab ntev ntawm cov nyhuv.

Los ntawm virtue ntawm distinguished: tsis muaj zog, medium thiab muaj zog diuretic. Lub rapidity ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub diuretic nyhuv paub qhov txawv cov tshuaj thaum muaj xwm ceev (ceev) txiav txim - 30-40 feeb, medium txiav txim - 2-4 teev, qeeb kawg - 2-4 hnub. Rau lub caij diuretic nyhuv: luv luv-acting - 5-8 teev, qhov nruab nrab ntev - 8-15 teev, ntev - ib tug ob peb hnub.

Lub ntsiab cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm diuretics yog cov kab mob plawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub plawv insufficiency syndrome nrog edema thiab tawg.