Electromagnetic Pulse: yooj yim mus rau lub complex

Lub ntiaj teb no network tam sim no koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug wealth ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog dab tsi yog ib qho electromagnetic mem tes. Muaj coob tus neeg ntshai ntawm nws, tej zaum kuj tsis paub txog dab tsi yog num. Roj rau qhov hluav taws kub nchuav lub scientific TV cov kev pab cuam thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub tabloids. Kuv tsis to taub lo lus nug no nws yog lub sij hawm?

Yog li, ib tug electromagnetic mem tes (EMP) - ib tug perturbation ntawm lub electromagnetic teb muaj ib tug cawv rau cov khoom kwv nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Nws tsis yog conductive khoom, tab sis kuj yuav insulators, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug me ntsis txawv daim ntawv no. Feem ntau, lub sij hawm "electromagnetic mem tes" yog nyob ib sab mus rau lub sij hawm "nuclear riam phom." Yog vim li cas? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim: nws yog ib tug nuclear tawg EMI nce mus txog nws loj tshaj tus nqi ntawm tag nrho cov. Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv ib co sim chaw kuj yuav tsis tsim ib tug muaj zog perturbation ntawm lub teb, tab sis lawv yog lub zos nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab hais tias yog ib tug nuclear tawg cuam tshuam ib tug loj cheeb tsam.

Nws tsos electromagnetic mem tes indebted mus rau ob peb cov kev cai, uas nyob rau hauv txhua hnub ua hauj lwm nyuaj siab los ntawm txhua electrician. Raws li yog lub npe hu, lub directional zog ntawm elementary hais muaj ib tug hluav taws xob xwb, intimately txuam nrog ib tug sib nqus teb. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug neeg xyuas pib los ntawm kev uas tam sim no tsev, ces nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yog ib txwm kaw teb. Conversely, raug ntawm lub electromagnetic teb rau cov conductive khoom generates ib tug electromotive quab yuam nyob rau ntawd, thiab thiaj li, tam sim no. Feem ntau qhia kom meej hais tias neeg xyuas pib ntaub ntawv ib tug Circuit Court, txawm hais tias qhov no yog tsuas muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv ib feem vim lub eddy currents tsim lawv tus kheej nkhaus nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntawm conductive khoom. Ib tug nuclear tawg tsim ib lub zog ntawm electrons thiab chaw pib muaj teb. Ces txhua yam yog yooj yim: lub kab ntawm nro, nyob rau hauv lem, tsim ntxias ntxhee nyob rau hauv lub surrounding conductors.

Lub mechanism ntawm no phenomenon yog raws li nram no: vim lub instantaneous tso tawm ntawm lub zog muaj particle tsev (gamma, alpha, X-rays , etc.). Thaum lub sij hawm lawv cov nqe vaj lug kub los ntawm cov pa molecules "khob qhov rooj tawm" electrons, uas yog taw qhia kom paub nrog magnetic kab ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Ib tug qhia cov lus tsa suab (tam sim no) uas generates ib tug electromagnetic teb. Thiab txij li thaum cov dab tshwm sim uas xob ceev, peb yuav tham txog lub zog. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov conductors uas yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntau (pua pua ntawm kilometers), ib tug tam sim no yog ntxias, thiab txij li thaum lub teb lub zog yog enormous, ib tug tam sim no tus nqi yog tseem loj. Qhov no ua cov kev tiv thaiv system, cua tshuab fuses - mus txog rau qhov hluav taws kub thiab puas. Tag nrho cov kev kawm mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm electromagnetic tawg los ntawm integrated circuits mus kis tau tus mob kab, tab sis yog nyob rau hauv cov zaubmov.

EMI shielding yog los mus tiv thaiv cov induction ntawm lub teb. Qhov no yuav ua tau tiav nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev:

- txav mus deb ntawm lub epicenter, txij li thaum lub teb tsis muaj zog txog nrog ua deb;

- kev kuaj (earthed) hluav taws xob khoom;

- "ua tawm" tswvyim, los ntawm kev muab ncua nyob rau hauv view ntawm ib tug loj tam sim no.

Koj muaj peev xwm feem ntau nrhiav tau cov nqe lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas los tsim ib qho electromagnetic mem tes rau lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txhua tus neeg yog ntsib nrog nws nyob ib hnub hauv paus los ntawm txhaj rau cov teeb hloov. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm switching tam sim no yog ib ntus ntau tshaj cov nominal kaum lub sij hawm nyob ib ncig ntawm cov hlau generates ib tug electromagnetic teb uas induces nyob rau hauv lub surrounding conductors electromotive quab yuam. Cia li lub hwj chim ntawm no phenomenon yog tsis txaus yuav ua tau kom puas tsuaj piv rau lub EMP nuclear tawg. Ntau pronounced manifestation ntawm nws muaj peev xwm muab tau ntawm xab rau theem ntawm cov teb nyob ze ntawm lub arc welding. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov teeb meem yog yooj yim: koj yuav tsum npaj tau tshwm sim ntawm ib tug instantaneous loj hluav taws xob tam sim no zoo nqi.