Keeb kwm portrait ntawm Nicholas 1

Nicholas 1 - Lavxias teb sab huab tais, uas txoj cai siv rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Puas siab puas ntsws portrait ntawm Nicholas 1, tus thib ob xyoo pua yog vim li cas rau cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm historians thiab politicians, raws li zoo raws li ntau yam pej xeem nuj nqis. Paj nyob rau hauv nws tus yog vim lub fact tias cov xwm ntawm peb faj tim huab tais contradictory raws li nws views thiab kev ntseeg. Tag nrho cov no yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub domestic thiab txawv teb chaws txoj cai ntawm Russia thawj ib nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Ib txhia neeg hu ua thaum lub sij hawm nws reign grim teb. Lwm tus hais tias nws ua thiab muag ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm kho, thiab lawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo peb pom txawm niaj hnub no.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm peb tsab xov xwm

Sim los tsim ib tug keeb kwm portrait ntawm Nicholas 1. Peb xav txog lub thaum yau thiab cov hluas ntawm lub sovereign, raws li zoo raws li tuab nws qaum mus rau lub zwm txwv los ntawm ib tug puas siab puas ntsws taw tes ntawm view, cia saib lub ntsab lug.

thaum yau

Nyob rau hauv 1796, nyob rau lub Xya hli ntuj 6 nyob rau hauv lub princely tsev neeg ntawm Pavel Petrovich thiab Maria Feodorovna yug tus tub ntawm Nicholas. Los ntawm yug admired lwm tus lub cev txoj kev loj hlob Nikolay 1. Portraits ntawm ntxias uas yuav Crown tub huabtais, koj yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm. Sawv daws hais tias nws ntses bass thaj tsam lub suab, thiab muab sau nws siab siab heev. Crowned pog Ekaterina Velikaya hais tias cov thawj lub sij hawm mus ntsib xws li ib tug muaj zog tub rog. Nyob rau hauv nws tsab ntawv mus rau correspondent Baron Grimm, nws sau hais tias nws pog no twb peb tus xeeb ntxwv rau nws extraordinary zog, uas yog tsim los kav, txawm lub fact tias nws muaj twb ob tijlaug. Txhua portrait ntawm Nicholas 1 (duab ntawm lawv koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog cim los ntawm tshwj xeeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus sab nrauv, uas hais tias cov pog thiab Crown tub huabtais.

Hais txog cov kws qhia ntawv thawj

Nicholas thiab nws tus kwv Michael loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov kev kho mob ntawm kuv niam Empress Maria Feodorovna, thiab ob tug tijlaug - Constantine thiab Alexander - kawm pog. Los ntawm yug mus txog 7 xyoo Nicholas yog tus nurse los ntawm hais. Nws hu ua nws "neeg ntiav zov menyuam-ntxhuav," vim hais tias ntawm nws lub xeem lub npe vim hais tias nws yog siab tawv thiab txiav txim poj niam. Txawm li cas los, lub keeb kwm portrait ntawm Nicholas 1 cim sijhawm ntawm rhiab thiab ua siab zoo. Ntawd tus neeg saib mob tau muaj ib tug lossis loj cawv nyob rau hauv shaping tus cim ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej huab tais. Vim hais tias Englishwoman E. V. Layon hnub thiab hmo ntuj tas li saib me ntsis Kolya, nws tau zus los ntawm ib tus hero tiag, uas xav tsis thoob vim thiab zoo siab heev txog cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm noj qab nyob zoo thiab resolute cim.

Nyob rau hauv 1802, mus kawm ntawv cov neeg pej xeem Duke commissioned pab qhia ntawv (los yog gentlemen). Tam sim no, yav tom ntej huab tais yog nyob rau hauv lub saib xyuas ntawm tus xib fwb M. I. Lamsdorfa, uas, Tu siab, tsis muaj ib tug kev xav los yog kev nyob rau hauv kev qhia ntawv. Nws yog ib tug mob cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau muaj ib tug nyuaj cim. Nws contemporaries qhia tias Lamsdorf muaj ib tug heev nyuaj lub plawv. Nicholas sau nyob rau hauv nws chaw muag mis nyuj uas tus kws qhia ntawv yuav txhawb nws rau ib tug instant kev txiav txim zoo ntawm kev ntshai. Nws kuj pom hais tias cov kws qhia ntawv feem ntau liam hais tias nws cuam tshuam. Graf rau txim rau nws nrog ib tug kav tauj, thiab tej zaum kuj ntuav rau hauv nws kab los yog caj npab ramrod. Tag nrho cov kev ua si ntawm no xib fwb tuaj mus rau qhov kawg nyob rau hauv hais tias nws raug mob tsis tsuas lawv tus kheej tab sis kuj lwm tus neeg. Suav Lamsdorf yog cov yam ntxwv Grimace thiab Grimace.

Dawb lub sij hawm thiab science

Peb mus txuas ntxiv mus ua ib tug portrait ntawm Nicholas 1. Txawm antipedagogicheskaya mus kom ze pab qhia, lub tsev hais plaub ua hauj lwm pom nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam tus plig lub siab xav ntawm cov yas tub huabtais los kav thiab kav. Nyob rau hauv nws cim raws li ib tug neej coj stubbornness thiab persistence. Txawm li cas los, nested Englishwoman siab zoo ntawm lub plawv thiab lub siab dawb paug tsis tau ploj mus tam sim ntawd. Cwm pwm ntawm ib tug yav tom ntej sovereign ib tug nkag siab ntawm camaraderie. Nrog ib tug me muam Anna thiab tij laug Michael Nicholas khi ib tug heev muaj zog friendship. Qhov tseem nyiam ua si tau raug kev tsim kho ntawm fortresses, ua tub rog sib ntaus sib tua cov tub rog. Raws li, ib tug suab paj nruas ntsuas uas siv los ua si Nikolai, yog lub nruas. Raws li rau lub sciences, Nicholas 1 yog tsis twv mus rau lub humanities. Overwork sochineniyay twb sau ntawv rau nws. Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg assumes paub txog Greek thiab Latin, tab sis Nicholas yog tsis yog li ntawd fond ntawm tej no hais tias thaum nws los ua lub taub hau ntawm tsev neeg, kev kawm ntawv ntawm lawv cov me nyuam mus rau lub kev pab cuam ntaus cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, portrait ntawm Nicholas 1 acquires ntxoov xim thiab tus hlub ntawm cov me nyuam thiab tsev neeg.

1 Nicholas thiab Alexandra

Tom qab tsov rog ntawm 1812, lub crown None mus xyuas cov teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev rov qab mus rau Russia tuav ib thaj av lub rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv Berlin. Nws tau ntsib cov tub ntxhais Princess Charlotte (tus ntxhais ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Prussia). Nicholas siab kawg rau cov ntxhais hluas. Txawm li cas los, kuv niam Maria Fedorovna yog hais tias nws tseem hluas heev rau sib yuav.

Nyob rau hauv 1817, Nikolai tseem tos rau lub tshoob, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj. Thaum ua kev cai raus ntxhais fuabtais Charlotte lub npe hu ua Alexandra. Nws hais tias nws xav tias zoo siab heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lawv txhais tes yog koom. Alexandra los ua ib tug zoo ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas tim tswv huab tais. Nws yog ib tug yam ntxwv tus poj niam thiab ib tug tu niam. Nyob rau hauv kev sib yuav, lawv nyob tau 38 xyoo, lawv muab yug mus rau 7 cov me nyuam. Contemporaries sau txog kev sib raug zoo li hais tias ib tug txij nkawm rau huab tais - raws li ib tug lub cev tsis kho graceful zeej. Rau nws, nws yog ib tug zoo nkauj noog, yog li huab tais tuav nws nyob rau hauv ib tug Golden tawb. Nws decorates nws nrog precious pob zeb, pub rau nectar thiab ambrosia, tab sis nws tis yog txiav, thiaj li hais tias nws yog tsis rub deb ntawm lub golden tawb. Txawm li cas los, cov kev pab ntawm no noog yog xws li hais tias nws twb tsis xav txog qhov tis.

Yog li, peb pom cov puas siab puas ntsws portrait ntawm Nicholas 1. Nws yog piav raws li lub contradictory xwm ntawm thaum yau, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ib qho chaw ntawm kev siab zoo thiab kev phem heev, kev ntxub ntxaug thiab rhiab. Txawm li ib tug me nyuam ntawm cov yas tub huabtais twb attracted rau cov tub rog affairs. Nws cim tau cim los ntawm stubbornness thiab lub siab tawv, yog li tom ntej no sire hom phiaj, yog li nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb piav qhia txog lub zoo reflected nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm.

Accession rau lub zwm txwv

Tam sim no xav txog ib tug nom tswv portrait ntawm Nicholas 1. Thaum nws thiab Charlotte tau sib yuav, uas txhais hais tias tub hluas ntxhais hluas ntau dua. Thaum lub sij hawm nws tau raug tsa ua txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug tij laug kuaj dav dav thiab chief engineer battalion. Nws brilliantly ua nws cov hauj lwm. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los, huab tais Alexander 1 yuav tsum tau muab lub zwm txwv. Vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov childlessness txawj zwm txwv yuav tsum tau mus rau lub tom ntej no kwv tij Constantine, tab sis nws rejects qhov chaw ntawm lub sovereign. Thaum lub dag tau yug los nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas muaj lub zwm txwv raws li ib tug tshuaj yej, tab sis txhua yam nws yuav tsis kam. Alexander mus xyuas lub tsev neeg ntawm Nicholas, qhov twg cov tub ntxhais niam txiv hais tias lub hwj chim yuav tsum tau tuaj los ntawm tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li Nikolai 1. Txhua leej txhua tus congratulated nws tom qab nkag mus rau hauv txoj cai ntawm lub tus huab tais, tab sis Nicholas nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv nws hmoov, nws sau hais tias nws tau ntsib cov xov xwm tsis muaj kev kaj siab, thiab nws yuav zoo dua tsis mus rau pab zoo siab thiab commiserate.

Nyob rau hauv 1825, Nikolai tsis tu ncua tau txais cov ntaub ntawv uas cov underground koom haum ua kom paub cov kev muaj tiag ntawm cov txheej xwm, los ntawm kev uas Russia freed los ntawm imperial tsoom fwv. 14 Hlis ntuj nqeg ntawm lub tib lub xyoo rau huab tais yog tus tseem txaus ntshai hnub. Synod, lub Senate thiab cov tub rog nyob rau tib lub sij hawm sau nyob rau hauv lub palace. Ib txhia tub ceev xwm ntawm lub Moscow incited tub rog tsis txhob coj cov lus cog tseg ntawm siab rau tus kav. Nicholas tuaj mus txog rau cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm lub coronation yuav ncaav coup. Tab sis, raws li Nicholas los ntawm qhov yog ib tug siab tawv thiab tsis ntshai abtsi, kiv puag ncig thiab ntshav txim rau lub dynasty twb zam. Los ntawm hnub no, raws xuab moos uprising Decembrists. Tus huab tais nws tus kheej tau ntev xav yog vim li cas hnub ntawd nws ciaj sia, vim hais tias nws yog yuav tsum tau tua. Thaum lub sij hawm hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj 17, lub rebels tseg. Qhov no tiav tau ua ib lub tswv yim phem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab zej zog.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm Internal txoj cai

Hlis ntuj nqeg uprising qhia huab tais nrog tsis sib ntseeg noble txheem. Cov tragic txheej xwm yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub manifesto ntawm Nicholas 1, nyob rau hauv uas nws tau sau hais tias yuav purify lub xeev los ntawm Contagion lurking nyob rau hauv lub bowels ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Thiab nws hu ua rau tag nrho cov pej xeem av mus cia siab rau qhov no tsoom fwv thiab to taub kom tau raws li tag nrho cov yav tom ntej kom zoo. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub sovereign Radel rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm hnub, nws twb mob siab rau nws teb koj chaw. Nyob rau lub ntiaj teb no theem nws tus kheej twb swb lawm, raws li cov teb chaws Europe yog disadvantageous abolition ntawm serfdom.

Yog li, peb pom ib tug nom tswv portrait ntawm Nicholas 1, cim los ntawm teeb meem. Ntawm no ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm teeb meem dynasty, raws li zoo raws li lub revolt ntawm lub Decembrists. Cov txheej xwm muaj ib tug profound cawv rau lub ntiaj teb no thiab tus neeg ntawm huab tais. Nws yuav tau hais tias Nicholas matured nyob rau hauv cia li ib hmo. Nyob rau hauv nws ua, nws ua txawm ntau determined, thiab nws pib xav tias keenly lub luag hauj lwm rau nws cov kev txiav txim siab.

xaus

Yog li, lub keeb kwm portrait ntawm Nicholas 1 (luv luv) tau piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm. Rau nws tias yog tseeb hais tias cov huab tais muaj ib tug ruaj thiab resolute cim, paired nrog txawj ntse thiab prudence. Nws pom tau hais tias qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov tshem tawm ntawm serfdom, tab sis lub hom phiaj tsis muaj sij hawm los siv. Qhov no ua hauj lwm twb txuas ntxiv los ntawm nws tus tub - Alexander II. Peb tau piav ib portrait ntawm Nicholas 1 yog txuam nrog cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm, vim hais tias yog tsis muaj lawv yeej ua tsis tau tuab lub keeb kwm yog leejtwg tiag. Peb yuav tsum tau paub txog peb cov keeb kwm nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus ua yuam kev ntawm yav dhau los.