Leej faj oxide

Sulfur yog faib nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab, nws yuav siv sij hawm lub thib kaum rau qhov chaw ntawm cov lwm yam hais. Nws tshwm sim ob leeg nyob rau hauv lub dawb lub xeev, thiab nyob rau hauv bound daim ntawv. Nws yog xim hlau zog yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm no tshuaj caij. Nws Latin lub npe «Sulfur», denoted S. Lub caij muaj nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ions ntawm tebchaw uas muaj pa thiab / los yog hydrogen ntaub ntawv ntau yam teej tug mus rau lub chav kawm ntawm acid ntsev thiab ntau yam oxides txhua yam uas tej zaum yuav raug xa mus rau raws li ib tug leej faj oxide nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cim uas sawv cev rau ib tug valence. Oxidation lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas nws exhibits ntau yam tebchaw + 6, +4, +2, 0, -1, -2. Paub leej faj oxides nrog txawv oxidation lub xeev. Cov feem ntau - nws dioxide thiab leej faj trioxide. Tsawg zoo paub yog leej faj monoxide, thiab ntau dua (tsuas yog SO3) thiab lub qis oxides ntawm no caij.

leej faj monoxide

Lub inorganic compound hu ua leej faj oxide II, li, zoo li no compound yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj. Thaum kev sib cuag nrog nws tsis yog dej soluble, thiab reacts nrog nws. Qhov no compound yog heev tsawg, uas tshwm sim xwb nyob rau hauv lub tsawg gaseous medium. Li molecule yog thermodynamically tsis ruaj tsis khov thiab yog hloov mus rau hauv chiv S2O2, (xa disulfur roj leej faj los yog peroxide). Vim hais tias ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm cov leej faj monoxide nyob rau hauv peb cua thiab tsawg stability ntawm lub molecule tsis yooj yim rau tag nrho qhia tau tias qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub substance. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau condensed los yog feeb meej daim ntawv oxide puv rau hauv peroxide, uas yog tus lom thiab corrosive. Qhov no compound kuj heev flammable (qhov no tsa ib tug feature ntawm methane) yog tau los ntawm burning leej faj dioxide - toxic roj. Sulfur oxide kuaj yog hais txog 2 Rhuav tshem cov ntaub (ib tug ntawm Jupiter satellites) nyob rau hauv cov cua ntawm Venus thiab cov interstellar nruab nrab. Nws yog assumed tias nyob rau Rhuav tshem cov ntaub, nws yog ib lub txiaj ntsim ntawm volcanic thiab photochemical dab. Basic photochemical tshua yog raws li nram no: O + S2 → S + li thiab SO2 → li + O.

leej faj dioxide

Sulfur oxide IV, los yog cov leej faj dioxide (SO2) yog ib tug tsis muaj kob roj nrog ib tug ntse tsw suffocating. Thaum ib tug kub ntawm Rho tawm 10 C, nws mus rau hauv ib lub kua hauv lub xeev thiab ntawm ib tug kub ntawm Rho tawm 73 C solidifies. Nyob rau hauv 20 ° C nyob rau hauv 1 liter ntawm dej yaj kwv yees li 40 tagnrho cov SO2.

Qhov no leej faj oxide yaj nyob rau hauv dej ntaub ntawv sulfurous acid, raws li yog nws anhydride: SO2 + H2O ↔ H2SO3.

Nws ua num ua ke nrog bases thiab yooj yim oxides: 2NaOH → SO2 + Na2SO3 + H2O thiab SO2 + Cao → CaSO3.

Rau cov raug thaj chaw ntawm cov leej faj dioxide thiab ib tug oxidizing neeg sawv cev thiab ib tug txo neeg sawv cev. Nws yog oxidized los ntawm atmospheric oxygen mus rau cov leej faj trioxide nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib lub hauv paus: SO2 + O2 → 2SO3. Nrog muaj zog kom txhob muaj cov neeg ua hauj xws li hydrogen sulfide, plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug oxidant: H2S + SO2 → S + H2O.

Sulfur dioxide yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam mas rau zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid. Sulfur dioxide yog ua los ntawm burning leej faj los yog hlau pyrites: 11O2 + 4FeS2 → 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2.

leej faj trioxide

Sulfur Oxide VI, los yog cov leej faj trioxide (SO3) yog ib nrab khoom thiab muaj tsis muaj kev ywj siab tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv tsos nws yog ib tug tsis muaj kob kua. Nws boils ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 45 C thiab hauv qab no 17 C yog hloov mus rau hauv ib tug dawb crystalline loj. Qhov no ntau dua oxides ntawm cov leej faj (nrog rau cov neeg kawm ntawv uas oxidation ntawm cov leej faj atom + 6) yus muaj los ntawm huab hygroscopicity. Nrog dej nws cov ntaub ntawv sulfuric acid: SO3 + H2O ↔ H2SO4. Yaj nyob rau hauv dej, emits loj nyiaj ntawm tshav kub thiab, yog hais tias tsis ntxiv maj, thiab tam sim ntawd ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov oxide, ces ib tug tawg yuav tshwm sim. Sulfur trioxide yog nkag soluble nyob rau hauv feeb meej sulfuric acid tsim oleum. SO3 cov ntsiab lus ntawm mus txog 60% oleum. Rau no leej faj compound yog yus muaj los ntawm tag nrho cov zog ntawm ib tug acidic oxide.

Ntau dua thiab txo oxides ntawm cov leej faj

Ntau dua cov leej faj oxides roos ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj tebchaw nrog rau mis SO3 + x, qhov twg x yuav tsum yog 0 los yog 1. Lub monomer oxide SO4 muaj peroxo (OO) thiab yus li oxide SO3, degree ntawm cov leej faj oxidation + 6. Qhov no leej faj oxide yuav tau ua thaum uas tsis muaj kub (hauv qab no 78 C) nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv SO3 thiab atomic oxygen los yog photolysis ntawm SO3 nyob rau hauv lub ntoos sib xyaw nrog ozone.

Lower leej faj oxides roos ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj tebchaw uas muaj:

• Li (leej faj oxide thiab nws dimer S2O2);
• S2O;
• SnO leej faj monoxides (yog cyclic tebchaw muaj rings tsim los ntawm cov leej faj atoms, nyob rau n tej zaum yuav tsum yog los ntawm 5 mus rau 10);
• S7O2;
• polymeric leej faj oxides.

Paj nyob rau hauv lub qis nce leej faj oxides. Qhov no yog vim qhov yuav tsum tau mus kawm lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv terrestrial thiab extraterrestrial atmospheres.