Literature qhia: yuav ua li cas yog hu ua paj huam tsis muaj lus sib dhos?

Tej tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas kawm nyob rau hauv koom cov ntaub ntawv chav kawm ntawv, paub li cas los hu paj huam tsis muaj lus sib dhos. Feem ntau ntawm cov tej hauj lwm yuav hu ua dawb paug nqe lus no, tab sis muaj lwm cov npe.

Yuav ua li cas rau tsim ib tug paj huam?

Sib dhos - yog qhov tseem ceeb feature ntawm lub poetic cov ntawv nyeem. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tau los mus tsim verses tsis sib dhos. Nws yog ib qho kev sim, ib qho los mus nrhiav ib tug tshiab daim ntawv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias yog hais tias tus neeg sau xaiv unrhymed hom paj huam, nws yuav tsum ua raws li txoj ntsiab cai no li qhia siv kuj. Yog hais tias rhymed kab yuav alternate nrog unrhymed, koj tau txais cov pun, tsis nqe.

Hom ntawm cov kwv huam tsis muaj suab xaus sib dhos

Raws li xa mus rau nqe tsis muaj suab xaus sib dhos, tab sis, nrog kom meej meej tseg me me? Qhov no dawb paug nqe. Nyob rau hauv no yav tas nws tau tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo - Mikhail Koltsov. Ib tug piv txwv - "Lub Song ntawm Hiawatha" Longfelou. Loj ntawm dawb paug nqe txiav txim raws li ib txwm. Percussion unstressed suab yog alternated nrog ib tug nruj ib theem zuj zus. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov verses muaj styled yog los ntawm pej xeem nkauj, los yog nyob rau hauv lub epic. Hais tias yog dab tsi tau ntau xyoo qhov sib dhos thiab nqe uas muab ib tug tej yam zest.

Lwm cov piv txwv - bezrifmenny nqe. Ib qho piv txwv tej zaum nws yuav pab raws li ib tug Greek cov kwv huam thiab paj huam (e.g., Horace).

Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog hu ua verses tsis muaj suab xaus sib dhos, tsis muaj npaum li cas lub suab? Qhov no free nqe (lub npe los ntawm lub Fabkis lo lus translates li "free nqe"). Lawv yog cov uas zoo sib xws rau cov prose ntawv nyeem, muab faib mus rau hauv kab. Dawb nqe los tshwm ua ntej syllabic thiab syllabic-tonic rhymed nqe. Nws ncov nws mus txog rau hauv lub US cov ntaub ntawv. Sau dawb nqe oen nyuaj. Krasivyya suab xaus sib dhos thiab atherosclerosis feem ntau pab nkaum tej tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv tib nqe vaj lug kub yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas txhua txhua kab lus thiab txhua txhua lo lus. Tsuas yog ib tug yeej muaj tseeb ntse heev muaj peev xwm ua ib tug zoo free nqe.

Kwv huam nyob rau hauv luag

Qhov no xyov hom lus sib dhos kwv huam. Tej zaum cov feem ntau striking piv txwv txog tej hauj lwm - ib tug paj huam velichashego tswv lo lus YOG Turgenev. Nws nplooj siab nws prose stihotvreniya ntau yam: los ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus thiab xaus nrog ib tug sib sib zog nqus, philosophical reflections rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg lub neej thiab kev tuag. Tsis zoo li dawb nqe prose zaj paj huam yog tsis muab faib mus rau hauv kab. Nws yog sau nyob rau hauv tas mus li ntawv. Txawm li cas los, nrog cov paj huam ntawm lawv lub tsev yog tsis yog ib tug zaj lus sib dhos los yog tshwj xeeb cov hom kev kawm thiab lyrical cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv cov tej hauj lwm tsis muaj kev txiav txim thiab narrative, zajlus thiab tej teeb meem, yog li lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntaus nqi mus rau epic los sis ua yeeb.

Japanese unrhymed nqe

Japanese nqe tsis muaj lus sib dhos hu ua haiku. Muaj, li cas los xij, lwm yam - lub tank. Haiku muaj 17 lub suab thiab lub tank - los ntawm 31 Mus ua ib tug haiku yuav tsum paub txog cov kev cai ntawm versification. Thawj kab - 5 lub suab, lub thib ob - 7, thiab lub thib peb kab - dua tsib lub suab. Lub tank muaj 5 kab nyob rau hauv uas 5,7,5,7,7 suab ntsig txog. Japanese paj huam pub rau ib tug nyuag, cos thiab heev vividly piav tej yam khoom. Cov muaj peev xwm sau haiku - yog tus muaj peev xwm mus nqa tau cov lus nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, feem ntau cov succinct nqe lus. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, haiku nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tsis raws li sonorous raws li translations ntawm Japanese paj huam nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim poob.

Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas yog hu ua paj huam tsis muaj lus sib dhos? Tej zaum nws yuav dawb nqe verlibr, prose paj huam, Japanese Hokku los yog tank.