National ntawm Ukraine. Keeb kwm ntawm Ukraine

Ukraine - ib lub teb chaws ranked fifth nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub teb chaws no, raws li cov 2001 census tau, li cas 42,8 lab. Tus naj npawb, uas yog muab tso rau hauv qab no, qhia tau hais tias cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine raws li ib tug feem pua.

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Ukrainians twb tripoltsy pog koob yawg koob uas nyob hauv Npanpiloo lub teb chaws nruab nrab ntawm cov Dniester, Dnieper thiab yav qab teb kab lwm 3.5-2 txhiab. BC thiab rau hauv thaum ntxov Slavs, uas tuaj ntawm no thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv lub Carpathian cheeb tsam. Lawv twb koom nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb thiab coj ib tug sedentary lub neej. Nws yog ib cov neeg thiab tsim lub hauv paus rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub Ukrainian lub teb chaws.

Ob peb centuries cog lus heev heev invasions ntawm ntau yam nomadic pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub Slavic pawg neeg thaj av. Tab sis txawm txais ib co nta ntawm lawv cov kab lis kev cai, lub Ukrainians twb tau khaws cia lawv lub teb chaws yog leej twg. Nws manifests nws tus kheej tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov lus, tiam sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub sab ntsuj plig kab lis kev cai.

Ukrainians yog tam sim no ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab haiv neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, compact kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab yog cov tawg khiav ri niab mus thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no.

lus qhia dav dav

Populated chaw suav hais tias yog sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj thiab central qhov chaw. Tsawg tus neeg nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob thiab sab qab teb cheeb tsam. Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob - Ukrainians (txog 78%), uas yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob Ib pawg haiv neeg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine kuj muaj xws li lub Crimean Tatars, Lavxias teb sab, Belarusians, Tug, cov neeg Yudais, Romanians, Moldavians thiab lwm tus neeg.

niaj hnub State

Lub Ukrainian kev cai lij choj qhia kom paub (tshwj tsis yog rau cov me nyuam yug daim ntawv pov thawj), tib neeg haiv neeg twg yog tsis sau tseg qhia. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg yug nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Ukraine, yog txiav cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus txawm cov neeg, tsis hais ntawm lawv cov kev ntseeg, haiv neeg twg, hom lus thiab kev nom kev tswv views.

Pawg lwm haiv tib minorities, uas muaj xws li cov neeg uas tsis muas thaum chiv thawj Ukrainians, tab sis consciously tom qab cov cai thiab cov kev tswj ntawm qhov tam sim no txoj cai, collectively sawv cev rau lub haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev, raws li zoo raws li cov neeg inhabitants.

Kyiv International lub koom haum ntawm Sociology ua ib txoj kev kawm nyob rau hauv sau rau ntawm lub hom haiv neeg me ntawm cov pej xeem los ntawm lawv cov free self-identification. Lawv tsom xam pom hais tias cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine yog tsis tshua muaj ntau yam. Raws li ntaub ntawv tau txais, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub xeev yog ib lub tsev rau 62% ntawm ib tug mono-haiv neeg Ukrainian neeg, 23% yog bietnicheskie Lavxias teb sab-Ukrainian, 10% - mono-haiv neeg Russians, raws li zoo raws li 5% ntawm cov neeg teej tug mus rau lwm pab pawg.

Cov pejxeem ntawm lub hauv paus cheeb tsam

Xav txog cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine lub cheeb tsam, pib nrog Kiev. Nws lub zos, lub zos thiab lub zos inhabited los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev uas tsis yog-titular haiv neeg.

Ntawm no Ukrainians (txog 90%) nyob mas. Qhov seem 10% - qhov no yog qhov Belarusians thiab lwm yam nationalities. Raws li ntawm xyoo 2001, lub peev 2607,4 txhiab tus neeg. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias qhov no daim duab yog ua tau ntau dua, vim ua hauj lwm no thiab kawm tau zoo naj npawb ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws thiab cov neeg tuaj ntawm lwm lub zos.

Lub ib ncig ntawm lub Zhytomyr cheeb tsam yog multinational. Ntawm no nyob cov neeg ntawm 85 haiv! Ntau tshaj 80% ntawm lawv - lub Ukrainians. Cov qhia tawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov chaw yog me me - tsuas yog 8%. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm Zhitomir yog lub loj tus naj npawb ntawm Tug nyob ntawm no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ib feem ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Cov neeg uas muaj Belarusian cov hauv paus hniav, muaj ntau heev ob peb, txawm lub fact tias nyob ze muaj ib tug ciam teb nrog Belarus.

Kirovohrad cheeb tsam nyob ntau tshaj 85% ntawm Ukrainian. Thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj hauv lub xov tooj yog nyob ze rau 100%. Neeg uas nyob nrog Lavxias teb sab cov hauv paus hniav, muaj tsuas yog 11% ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov pej xeem. Sib nrug los ntawm lawv, hauv lub cheeb tsam yog inhabited los ntawm Bulgarians, Moldavians thiab Belarusians.

sab laug Bank

Peb mus txuas ntxiv mus tshawb cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ukraine lub cheeb tsam thiab tsiv mus nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv lub Kharkiv cheeb tsam yog tsev mus txog yim caum haiv neeg. Ukrainians ua ntau tshaj 60% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Lawv ua raws li los ntawm Lavxias teb sab (30%). Tus so ntawm lub neej yog Belarusians, Tatars, Armenians thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv lub Dnepropetrovsk cheeb tsam yog tsev mus rau tus thawj loj Ukrainian lub zej lub zos. Lub hauv paus txawm pejxeem ntawm no yog 70%. Qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob haiv neeg pab pawg neeg - Lavxias teb sab (25%). Lawv cov concentrated mas nyob rau hauv lub muaj chaw zov me nyuam. Cov lwm haiv neeg sawv cov neeg Yudais thiab Belarusians.

Donetsk cheeb tsam yog tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem. Nws yog lub tsev mus rau 4.5 lab cov neeg nyob. Cov yooj yim ib feem muaj Ukrainian (50%), thiab Lavxias teb sab Belarusians (42%), raws li zoo raws li cov neeg Yudais, Germans, etc. Qhov tseem populated lub zos yog zos loj -. Donetsk Mariupol, thiab Kramators'k MAKEEVKA.

Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Ukraine Luhansk lub teb chaws qauv yog ntau ntau haiv neeg tshaj nyob rau hauv lub nyob ib sab chaw. Muaj coob tus neeg txhob txwm Ukrainian los ntawm haiv neeg (50%). Lawv ua raws li los ntawm Lavxias teb sab (tsawg tshaj li 40%), Belarusians, Tatars, thiab tshaj ib puas lwm haiv neeg. Lugansk cheeb tsam los ntawm cov pejxeem ceev yog ranked fifth nyob rau hauv lub Ukraine.

yav qab teb cov cheeb tsam

Nyob rau hauv Zaporozhye cheeb tsam prevails Ukrainian lub teb chaws (60%). Qhov no cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws belongs rau cov neeg ob peb qhov chaw, qhov twg ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas muaj Lavxias teb sab hauv paus hniav (30%). Cov lwm minorities peev xwm yuav txawv Belarusians thiab Bulgarians. Cov yav tas, raws li ib tug txoj cai, nyob rau hauv Primorye.

Nyob rau hauv lub Kherson cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv 1989, 82% ntawm Ukrainians. Tom qab ntawd, qhov no daim duab nce mus 84,6%. Qhov thib ob qhov chaw twb nyob los ntawm Lavxias teb sab pejxeem, tab sis lub 2001 census pom tias nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no lawv poob los ntawm 33,8%. Cov lwm minorities yog faib Crimean Tatars, Belarusians thiab Tug.

Nyob rau hauv lub Mykolaiv cheeb tsam qhia tawm ntawm Ukrainians tshaj 75%. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-western cov cheeb tsam ntawm lawv tus xov tooj nce mus txog 90%. Lavxias teb sab inhabitants, muaj txog 20%. Tsis tas li ntawd heev heev yog Moldavians thiab Belarusians nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm lub cheeb tsam.

Odessa cheeb tsam muaj 55% ntawm cov Ukrainian cov pej xeem thiab 25% - Lavxias teb sab. Ntawm cov ob peb lwm lub teb chaws minorities yog tsim nyog los xaiv lub Bulgarians, Gagauz thiab Moldovan. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub Odessa cheeb tsam muaj cov Czechs, Greeks, Albanians thiab Tug. Lub hauv paus txawm pejxeem yuav siv sij hawm yuav luag tag nrho nws cov central thiab sab qaum teb cheeb tsam.

Crimea thiab lub nroog ntawm Sevastopol: ntog ntawm 74,4% thiab 20,6% ntawm Lavxias teb sab Ukrainians nyob rau hauv lub haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pawg neeg thaj av, cov seem 5% - lub Crimean Tatars, Armenians, Germans, cov neeg Yudais, Latvians, Tug, Koreans, Estonians thiab lwm leej lwm tus kuj nyob ntawm no. cov neeg ntawm mixed nationalities, Tatars thiab Gypsies.

Txoj cai Bank

Volyn cheeb tsam - ib tug Western Ukraine. Cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm cheeb tsam no yog yuav luag vim hais tias ntawm nws cov thaj txoj hauj lwm. Qhov loj ib feem ntawm cov pejxeem yog Ukrainian (siab tshaj 95%). Tsis tas li ntawd no nyob Russians (4%), Tug (0.5%), thiab lwm tus neeg. Cov tib qhov teeb meem no Lvov, Ivano-Frankivsk, Rovenskaya, Khmelnytsk, Vinnytsia, Chernihiv, Poltava, Sumskoy, Ternopil thiab Cherkasy cheeb tsam.

Census cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv 2001 qhia tias cov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Chernivtsi cheeb tsam inhabited los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm 80 haiv neeg. Qhov twg zoo siv rau tag nrho cov pejxeem yog ua los ntawm Ukrainians (75%). Lawv predominate nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj thiab hnub poob qhov chaw ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias hais tias cov hauv paus txawm pejxeem yog cais sub-pawg haiv neeg xws li Bessarabians, Hutsuls thiab Rusyns. Tus thawj nyob tsuas yog nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ib feem, lub thib ob - nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob cheeb tsam, thiab lub thib peb - nruab nrab ntawm tus dej ntws Prut thiab Nistru.

Qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv cheeb tsam haiv neeg Chernovitsky - Romania (10%). Qhov no yog ua raws li los ntawm Moldavians (kwv yees li 9%), thiab tsuas yog 7% ntawm cov pejxeem muaj Lavxias teb sab cov hauv paus hniav.

Transcarpathian cheeb tsam ntawm Ukraine tiav haiv neeg txawv haiv neeg nyob rau hauv nws. Qhov no, piv txwv li, Hungary (12.5%) thiab Slovakia (0.6%). Hauv paus txawm neeg - ntawm chav kawm, lub Ukrainians. Thiab tawm ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem uas muaj ntau tshaj li 80%. Dhau li lawv nyob ntawm no Lavxias teb sab (4%), Romanians, Gypsies, Germans, Belarusians, Italians thiab lwm yam haiv neeg.

Cov pej xeem ntawm lub cheeb tsam

Ukraine muaj ib tug impressive tooj ntawm ethnographic pawg neeg thaj av. Txhua yam ntawm lawv yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug neeg kab lis kev cai, kev cai thiab lwm haiv neeg. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv muaj ib co av mus rau lwm tus neeg (piv txwv li, Pokut'a nyob rau hauv Galicia). Tag nrho cov ceg ntawm cov niaj hnub haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm Ukraine uas tseem muaj feem xyuam rau lawv cov qauv thiab muaj zog. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias lub ntsiab lub teb chaws minorities nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, muaj cov yim:

- Lavxias teb sab (8 334.1 thous.);
- Belarusians (275.8 th.);
- Moldavians (258.6 th.);
- Crimean Tatar (248.2 th.);
- Bulgaria (204.6 th.);
- Hungary (156.6 th.);
- Romania (151.0 th.);
- Tug (144.1 thous.).

Qhov saum toj no minorities nyob feem ntau nyob rau hauv ciam cheeb tsam ntawm kev lub teb chaws, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub central regions yog yeej los ntawm Ukrainians.