Arts thiab lom ze, Music
Nthuav lus tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm Mozart. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Biography
Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb yuav qhia rau koj ib co nthuav cov lus tseeb hais txog lub neej ntawm Mozart. Qhov no composer tau los ua ib tug yeej muaj tseeb cov lus dab neeg. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1756, 27 Lub ib hlis ntuj, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Salzburg. Thaum lub sij hawm luv luv no lub neej composer muaj peev xwm sau ib tug ntau ntawm concerts, ua yeeb yam, symphonies, sonatas (ntau tshaj 600 txawv cov khoom). Mozart lub creativity yeej yog multifaceted thiab qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm cov suab paj nruas lwm yam nyob rau hauv uas nws ua hauj lwm, nws muaj peev xwm mus cuag unprecedented kev vam meej. Kawm composer hais tias nws skillfully mastered ob peb seev, thiab kuj muaj ib qho zoo kawg nco thiab ib tug zoo meej lub pob ntseg. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm lub interesting tseeb hais txog lub neej ntawm Mozart. Peb tau xaiv, nyob rau hauv peb lub tswv yim, lub feem ntau nthuav ntawm lawv, thiab caw koj mus nrhiav kom paub tias ib co lus ntawm tus biography ntawm no ntse heev.
Lub suab paj nruas ntse heev ntawm Mozart tsev neeg
Tag nrho cov tsev neeg ntawm tus poj composer twb ntse nruab siab musically. Piv txwv li, nws tus txiv, Leopold, ua si qhov hloov thiab nkauj laus ncas, raws li zoo raws li tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug composer ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm lub Archbishop ntawm Salzburg, coj lub tsev teev ntuj hu nkauj ua ke. Nws kuj sau tau ib phau ntawv rau cov nkauj laus ncas, uas yog xam tau tias yog thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws phau ntawv rau qhov ntsuas.
Tus txiv neej no instilled ib tug hlub ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab lawv cov me nyuam: tub, uas pib ua si rau cov harpsichord nrog peb lub xyoos, thiab tom qab ntawd mastered lwm hloov thiab nkauj laus ncas, thiab nws tus ntxhais, uas yog ib tug zoo kev ua si rau lub harpsichord thiab lub piano.
Ntawm xya cov me nyuam, tsuas yog ob tug dim nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg Mozart, Wolfgang thiab nws tus niam laus.
hluas ntse heev
Ib tug phooj ywg tsev neeg, Shahtner Johann Andreas, Salzburg tsev hais plaub trumpeter, hais zaj dab neeg nram, uas yuav tsum tau twv yuav raug hu muaj nyob rau hauv peb cov zaj dab neeg rau "Lub nthuav cov lus tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm Mozart." Thaum Leopold Mozart nrog Shahtnerom tuaj rau nws lub tsev thiab pom cov hluas Wolfgang (uas yog tsuas 4 xyoo) tau sau ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag ntawv. Tub dipped nyob rau hauv number case, tsis yog ib tug plaub, tab sis kuj cov ntiv tes. Mozart Jr. hais rau tus neeg laus uas sau ib tug hais kwv txhiaj. Cov txiv coj lub ntub daim ntawv blots thiab quaj - ces txhua yam yog orderly nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm.
Mozart thiab Bach
Thaum tus tub yog hais txog 8 xyoo, nws ua tej txuj ci qhuas los ntawm Johann Christian Bach, uas yog tus tub ntawm tus naas ej Johann Sebastian Bach. Ob peb lub sij hawm lawv tau ua si ua ke nyob rau hauv pej xeem: Bach cog ib tug me ntsis ntse heev nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv caug thiab ua si ib Sonata rau lub harpsichord nrog nws. Bach ua si ib ob peb tuav, ib tug ob peb - Mozart. Nws ciali hais tias lub hwj chim cuab tam yog ib tug tshuab raj - yog li qhia siv kuj tsis nyuaj lub duo. Ntxias kuj ua si plaub ob txhais tes thiab tham ntau yam txog cov suab paj nruag.
Hais lus thaum lub sij hawm Lent
Wolfgang raws li ib tug me nyuam feem ntau tau mus rau lwm lub teb chaws. Cov journeys txheej txheem tus me nyuam tub txiv uas nws tus tub tau muab pej xeem concerts, mloog nto moo musicians thiab kawm ib yam dab tsi tshiab. Nyob rau hauv lub Netherlands, yog ib lub teb chaws uas lawv tau, nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub lub sij hawm fasts music. Txawm li cas los, Mozart ua ib qho kev zam. Cov txiv plig pom nws tej txuj ci ib tug khoom plig los ntawm Vajtswv.
Opera rau huab tais
Yauxej II ntawm, cov Roman tus huab tais, kom ib tug Mozart opera, thaum tus tub hluas tsuas yog 12 xyoo. Nws twb hu ua "xav txog tej yam simpleton" thiab tsim los rau cov Italian lub tuam txhab. Hluas composer tau muaj ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cia li ib tug ob peb lub lis piam. Singers, txawm li cas los, tsis nyiam nws, vim li ntawd Primiero opera tsis muab qhov chaw.
Lub composer thiab cov Masons
Nthuav lus tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm Mozart yog kev cob cog rua tsis tau tsuas yog nrog nws lub suab seev cov hauj lwm. Tus txiv neej no, piv txwv li, los ua ib tug Mason, thiab txawm coj nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv uas nws txiv. Lub composer sau music rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm Masonic rituals, txawm nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov opera hu ua "Cov khawv koob Tshuab raj nplaim" yog lub ntsiab ntawm qhov no.
Mozart thiab Salieri
Thaum cov hero ntawm peb cov zaj dabneeg txawm xav hais tias ua kev lom zem ntawm Salieri. Nws hais rau nws cov phooj ywg hais tias nws tau ua xws li ib tug tshaj plaws rau harpsichord, uas yog tsis tau ua tej yam ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tsuas yog cov Mozart. Salieri ntsia sau ntawv, hais tias tus hluas tshuab raj, dhau lawm, ua tsis tau, vim hais tias ob txhais tes yuav yuav tsum tau ua cov feem ntau nyuaj nqe vaj lug kub, thiab dua li, nyob opposite xaus ntawm lub keyboard. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm koj yuav tsum coj ib tug ob peb sau ntawv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Yog hais tias txawm ua si ko taw, daim ntawv sau tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm ua raws li, txij li thaum cov khoom no ceev heev paced. Txaus siab heev, Mozart luag ua ke. Nws zaum nyob rau ntawm piano thiab ua hauj lwm no raws nraim li qhia nyob rau hauv lub sau ntawv. Ib tug complex qhov ntswg sau ntawv raug coj!
Constance, tus poj niam ntawm Mozart
Ua haujlwm tau nyiaj koj creativity dlej nqi, Txawm li cas los, Mozart, uas nws biography yog tej zaum inconsistent, feem ntau twb yuam kom qiv los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg nyiaj. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, tau txais phav phav ntawm guilders (ib tug zoo heev sum nyob rau hauv cov hnub) rau kev kawm ntawv ntawm ib tug hais kwv txhiaj, nws zaum tawm ntawm cov nyiaj nyob rau hauv ob lub lis piam. Tus phooj ywg ntawm Mozart, lub composer uas sim coj, pom nrog surprise hais tias lub suab paj nruas ntse heev tsis muaj nkuaj nyug nees, tsis muaj xauv, tsis muaj cov me nyuam heap los yog kim mistresses. "Vim li cas koj xav tau cov nyiaj?" - nws hais. Mozart teb hais tias vim nws muaj Constantia, tus poj niam. "Nws - kuv pab tsiaj ntawm thoroughbred nees, kuv tsev fuabtais, kuv Rev ntawm cov me nyuam, kuv tus hlub," - said lub composer.
kev hais kwv txhiaj complex
Mozart, uas nws biography, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov geeks txij thaum yau twb cim los ntawm cov pov thawj rau lub cim txuj ci, sau nws thawj thawj kev hais kwv txhiaj nyob rau hauv plaub lub xyoos. Nws yog ib tug ua hauj lwm rau harpsichord. Nws yog yog li ntawd nyuaj hais tias cov nyob sab Europe virtuosos nws yuav tsis yog puas tau txaus siab leej twg. Thaum leej txiv coj tus me nyuam tub tseem tsis tiav cov ntaub ntawv, xam rau lub fact tias qhov no, nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus ua si ib yooj yim kev hais kwv txhiaj, Mozart hais tias tag nrho cov no ruam. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm ib tug me nyuam yuav ua li cas nws. Nws, piv txwv li.
Mozart plays nrog ib tug miv
Tag nrho cov me nyuam tseem yau ntawm lub cov tub ntxhais ntse heev yog ib tug succession ntawm suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv ntau concerts prodigy entertained cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm lub sab saum toj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no: nws ua si nrog nws ob lub qhov muag kaw rau lub clavier. Cov txiv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no them tus me nyuam lub ntsej muag nrog ib tug khaub hlab. Nws kuj kaw thiab cov keyboard, tiam sis cov hluas ntse heev tseem tiv nrog qhov kev ua si. Mozart lub creativity ntawm tag nrho cov admirable. Nyob rau theem ntawm ib tug hais kwv txhiaj ntawm lub composer tshuav tus miv. Ces Mozart nres ua si thiab khiav mus rau nws nrog txhua ceev. Forgetting txog cov listeners, nws pib mus ua si nrog cov tsiaj. Thaum lub suab quaj ntawm ib tug txiv hluas ntse heev nws teb hais tias lub harpsichord nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tseem tsis mus qhov twg, thiab tus miv yog tam sim no ploj mus.
Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm Marie Antoinette
Tom qab ib tug me ntsis Mozart (composer, uas peb tau piav) tau ua nyob rau hauv lub imperial palace, Marie Antoinette, tus tub hluas Duchess, tau txiav txim siab los qhia nws nws luxurious tsev. Tub nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov chav poob, slipping rau hauv pem teb. Ces tus Duchess pab Mozart kom sawv. Nws pom hais tias cov Duchess zoo rau nws. "Kuv xav tias kuv yuav mus yuav koj," - said lub tshuab raj. Nws hais rau qhov no mus rau nws niam. Lub Empress nug nrog lub luag ib me ntsis "nraug vauv" yog vim li cas nws hais li ntawd. Mozart teb hais tias, "Tawm ntawm kev ris txiaj."
Mozart lub rooj sib tham nrog Goethe
Ib tug xya-xyoo Mozart muab nyob rau hauv Frankfurt concerts. Rau nws tom qab tus hais lus nws tuaj txog 14-xyoo-laus tub. Nws qhuas nws ua tau zoo, hais tias nws tsis tau kawm no muaj kev txawj puas tau, vim hais tias nws yog heev yooj yim. Cov tub hluas ntxhais Wolfgang yog xav tsis thoob thiab nug nws yog hais tias nws sim sau ntawv. Lub xam phaj hais tias tsis muaj, vim hais tias nws tsuas yog nqe tuaj mus rau lub siab. Ces Mozart retorted: "Tej zaum, nws yog heev yooj yim mus sau paj huam?" Tus tub teb hais tias, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, yooj yim heev. Mozart tus khub muab Goethe.
Yog vim li cas rau lub composer tuag
Kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, teeb meem thiab qhov ua rau ntawm kev tuag ntawm no kuj zoo kawg composer. Cov kev kho mob daim ntawv qhia hais tias nws tuag ntawm rheumatic fever Wolfgang, uas tej zaum yuav complicate mob raum los yog lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los, ib co critics ntseeg tau hais tias nws taug los ntawm Antonio Salieri, nws competitor. Tab sis yog vim li cas mus ntseeg tau hais tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob tug txiv neej yog heev, yog tsis tshua npaum li cas. Nyob rau hauv 1997, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm hais tias, 200 xyoo tom qab txoj kev tuag ntawm Wolfgang, Milan dhau kev txiav txim rau Salieri. Soj ntsuam ntawm ob musicians, thiab cov kws kho mob tau hnov los ntawm tus kws txiav txim, uas tom qab txiav txim hais tias Salieri yog tsis txhaum ntawm tus naas ej composer tuag.
Raws li Mozart raug faus?
Composer, txawm tag nrho nws cov hauj lwm zoo, thiab qhov loj tshaj txuj ci twb faus raws li ib tug pauper. Mozart seem muab tso rau hauv ib qho ntxa nrog rau ob peb lwm Hleb. Nws yog tseem tsis paub hais tias lub caij nyoog qhov chaw ntawm kev faus neeg. Gravestones thiab daim hlau ntawm lub sij hawm teem nyob rau hauv lub toj ntxas cov phab ntsa, tsis nyob rau hauv qhov ntxa. Lub hnub ntawm lub ntees tuag rau hauv lub toj ntxas composer ntawm nws cov phooj ywg tsis muaj ib tug tuaj. Kuv twb tsis tau hais goodbye rau nws tus txiv thiab ib tug neeg muaj mob poj ntsuam ntawm Mozart. Cia li ua ntej lub rooj vag ntawm lub nroog, qhua siv xws li ib tug zoo kawg composer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Nthuav lus tseeb ntawm lub neej ntawm tus txiv neej no tsis xaus muaj. Lawv muaj ib tug heev heev. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv, thaum lwm tus neeg yog semi-legendary cim. Nthuav txog Mozart yog nthuav tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev musicians thiab admirers ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Geniuses yeej ib txwm txuam nrog nce kev txaus siab. Mozart lub neej yog short-lived. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1756 thiab tuag nyob rau hauv 1791, piv txwv li thaum muaj hnub nyoog 35 xyoo. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws muaj kev tswj los mus tsim ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntse heev immortal tej hauj lwm npaum li cas rau survivors ntawm tus sau, uas yog Mozart. Piano, nkauj laus ncas, Clarinet, raj - rau tag nrho cov seev hauv lub composer tsim ntau tej hauj lwm uas tau ua thiab tej enthusiastically tau txais los ntawm cov pej xeem mus hnub no.
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