Pab pawg neeg Union ntawm lub Eastern Slavs. 15 pab pawg neeg alliances

Muaj ntau ntau theories txog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Slavs. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great tsiv teb tsaws loj loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm central thiab sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Europe, nws taws rau sab hnub poob. Ntau hypotheses hais tias lub Slavs nqis los ntawm lub Antes, thiab wends sklavenov nyob rau hauv V-VI centuries. Thaum lub sij hawm, lub loj loj twb muab faib ua peb pawg: lub sab hnub poob, yav qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj. kawg cov neeg sawv cev nyob tam sim no-hnub Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus.

Eastern Slavs yog ib tug neeg. Qhov no yog tsis tau vim sib txawv nyob rau hauv kev nyab xeeb thiab nyob tej yam kev mob. Muaj 15 pab pawg neeg cov tsev koom nyiaj ntawm Eastern Slavs. Txawm tias tus kwv tij sib raug zoo thiab cov nyob ze sib thooj ntawm lawv kev sib raug zoo tsis yeej ib txwm phooj ywg.

Rau yooj yim ntawm kev faib tawm, soj ntsuam ntawm yog feem ntau grouped pab pawg neeg cov tsev koom nyiaj ntawm Eastern Slavs. Lub rooj yuav pab tau koj to taub cov ntau lub npe ntawm lub pre-dluab ntawm lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv IX-X centuries. lawv muaj tag nrho cov koom nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm lub Kievan princes.

Northern pab pawg neeg alliances

Nyob rau hauv lub deb sab qaum teb ntawm lub ecumene nyob rau hauv Slovenia. Nyob rau hauv historiography kuj daig txhais ntawm "Ilmen" - lub title ntawm lub pas dej, nyob ib ncig ntawm uas lawv tsawm. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug loj nroog ntawm Novgorod tshwm sim ntawm no, los ua par nrog Kiev ib tug ntawm ob tug nom chaw ntawm Russia. Qhov no pab pawg neeg alliance ntawm sab hnub tuaj Slavs yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau tsim ua tsaug rau pauv nrog nyob sib ze haiv neeg thiab lub teb chaws nyob rau lub shores ntawm lub hiav txwv Baltic. Lawv paub txog lawv heev tsis sib haum nrog lub Vikings (Vikings), vim hais tias ntawm dab tsi tau caw tuaj rau lub reign ntawm tub huabtais Rurik.

Mus rau sab qab teb nws tsawm lwm pab pawg neeg union ntawm sab hnub tuaj Slavs - krivichi. Lawv tsawm rau hauv lub Upper nce mus txog ntawm ob peb niam dej loj: lub Dnieper, Western Dvina thiab cov Volga. Lawv lub ntsiab lub zos twb Smolensk thiab Izborsk. Polotsk thiab Vitebsk nyob Polochans.

Central pab pawg neeg alliances

Thaum cov loj tshaj plaws tributary ntawm lub Volga - Oka - nyob vyatichi. Nws yog sab hnub tuaj pab pawg neeg union ntawm lub Eastern Slavs. Ntawm sab laug Vyatichi archaeological chaw romeno-Borshchevskaya kab lis kev cai. Lawv feem ntau koom nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb thiab cov lag luam tawm nrog rau cov Volga Bulgars.

Mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm Vyatichi thiab sab qab teb ntawm Krivichy nyob radzimichy. Lawv muaj lub teb chaws ntawm tus dej ntws Dnieper thiab Desna nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Belarus. Los ntawm cov pawg neeg no tau sab laug yuav luag tsis tau sau qhov chaw - tsuas yog hais qhov ntau tsim cov neeg nyob ze.

Dregovichi tseem nyob rau sab hnub poob Radimichi. Mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm lawv pib muaj Lithuania qus cov neeg, nrog rau leej twg tus Slavs twb qhov kev tsis sib haum. Tab sis txawm xws li ib tug kev sib raug zoo muaj ib lub zog txhawb rau Dregovichi uas txais ntau yam ntawm Balta cwj pwm tsis zoo. Txawm lawv cov lus tau hloov thiab lo lus tshiab borrowed los ntawm sab qaum teb cov neeg nyob ze.

Western pab pawg neeg alliances

Nyob rau hauv lub deb sab hnub poob nyob Volhynians thiab dawb Croats. Hais txog lawv txawm hais tus Byzantine Emperor Constantine Bagryanorody (nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv "Nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm lub teb chaws"). Nws ntseeg hais tias qhov no pab pawg neeg union ntawm lub Eastern Slavs yog cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm lub Balkan Croats uas nyob rau ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm nws lub xeev.

Volhynians kuj hu ua buzhans, tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm tus dej Western Kab laum. Lawv hais nyob rau hauv lub taleas ntawm bygone xyoo.

South pab pawg neeg alliances

Pontic steppes yog lub tsev mus rau Ulichi thiab Tivertsy. Cov pab pawg neeg cov tsev koom nyiaj nyob rau yav qab teb ciam teb ntawm lub sib haum ntawm lub Eastern Slavs. Lawv nyob rau hauv cov suab puam thiab lossi tiv thaiv nrog lub zos Turkic nomads - Pechenegs thiab Polovtsy. ua tsis tau tejyam los yeej nyob rau hauv no hais, lub Slavs, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm X xyoo pua, lawv thaum kawg tshuav cov Dub hiav txwv cheeb tsam, hauv nyob rau hauv lub pawg neeg thaj av volynyan thiab sib tov nrog lawv.

Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj Slavic oecumene nyob northerners. Los ntawm cov lwm cov khub, lawv differed ib tug nqaim ntsej muag zoo. Lawv ntau tus los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze steppe nomads, uas northerners nrog assimilated. Yuav kom 882 xyoo cov pab pawg twb tributaries ntawm lub Khazars, thaum Oleg tsis muab lawv rau lawv lub hwj chim.

drevlyans

Nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov ntawm cov Dnieper thiab cov Pripyat tswm drevlyans. Lawv capital yog Iskorosten (tam sim no rau sab laug ntawm nws pov toj). Nyob rau hauv Drevlyane tau tsim ib tug system ntawm kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv lub ib pawg neeg. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib tug thaum ntxov hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub xeev nrog nws tus kheej None.

Tej lub sij hawm drevlyans kev tsis sib haum nrog nws cov neeg nyob ze lawns rau supremacy nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, thiab rau tom kawg txawm them tribute rau lawv. Txawm li cas los, tom qab Oleg koom lub Novgorod thiab Kiev, nws subdued thiab Iskorosten. Nws successor, None Igor raug tua los ntawm Drevlyane ob txhais tes tom qab lawv demanded tribute surpluses. Nws tus poj niam Olga cruelly revenged lub rebels teem hluav taws kub mus Iskorosten, uas ces yeej tsis rebuilt.

Lub npe ntawm cov pab pawg neeg cov tsev koom nyiaj ntawm Eastern Slavs feem ntau muaj counterparts nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sib txawv. Piv txwv li, Drevlyane kuj piav raws li dulebsky pab pawg neeg union, los yog Dulebs. Poob ntawm lawv Zimnovskoe fort, uas nyob rau hauv lub VII xyoo pua, twb muab los ntawm tsausmuag kev huam yuaj.

glade

Nruab nrab Dnieper xaiv rau tshem. Nws yog tus tseem haib thiab influential pab pawg neeg alliance. Zoo heev tej yam ntuj tso tej yam kev mob thiab fertile av tso cai rau lawv tsis tau tsuas yog los pub rau lawv tus kheej, tab sis kuj mus pauv ntse nrog nws cov neeg nyob ze - mus equip lub fleet, thiab lwm yam ntawd yog lawv ib ncig yog ib txoj kev "ntawm lub Vikings rau lub Greeks", uas tau muab lawv ib tug loj profit ...

Kiev los ua qhov chaw ntawm lub teb, nyob rau hauv ib lub high school cov txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Dnieper. Nws cov phab ntsa tau txais kev pab raws li txhim khu kev qha kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Leej twg yog cov neeg nyob ze pab pawg neeg cov tsev koom nyiaj ntawm Eastern Slavs nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw? Khazars, Pechenegs thiab lwm yam nomadic cov neeg uas xav mus yaum ib tug tswm tribute. Lub 882 xyoo Novgorod None Oleg kov yeej Kiev thiab tsim ib tug tib East Slavic lub xeev, mus hloov nws peev ntawm no.