Prokaryotic cell - cell kab pre-nuclear

Prokaryotic cell - yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cia li txheej txheem lub cev, uas khaws cov sijhawm ntawm pog koob yawg koob. Lawv systematically faib cais nceeg vaj Monera, uas muaj xws li cov kab mob thiab cyanobacteria (ntsuab algae).

Yuav ua li cas yog li ntawd "yooj yim" nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov pre-nuclear kab mob? Prokaryotic cell twb tsis muaj nucleus, surrounded los ntawm lawv tus kheej plhaub, mitochondria thiab plastids. Nyob rau hauv lub center yog ib tug cytoplasm nucleoid (nucleotide), uas muaj ib tug nukleproteidnoy qauv muaj annular DNA molecule. Qhov no complex yog hu ua tus kab mob chromosome. Sheer cell kab mob thiab ntsuab algae yog cais los ntawm cov sab nraud nruab nrab tuab cell phab ntsa los yog cov tshuaj ntsiav thiab txheej membrane. Cov phab ntsa hauv cov elementary ntxwv tsev yog tsuas yog tsim ntawm ib yam khoom murein (tsim ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab carbohydrates), uas ua cov kev ua ntawm sab nraum zoov cev pob txha, muab zoo thiab tiv thaiv lub hlwb los ntawm lwm stimuli. Lub puab membrane muaj cov nram qab zog: kev tiv thaiv, kev thauj mus los, thiab faib lub xaav ntawm stimuli.

Lub sab hauv qauv ntawm prokaryotic hlwb yuav qhia tau tias lub cytoplasm thiab nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog npaum li cas poorer tshaj hais tias ntawm lub nuclear (eukaryotic). Nws muaj ribosomes, uas yog tsim nyog rau cov protein ntau synthesis. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog ib tug membrane qauv, uas ua raws li cov uas ploj lawm organelles - mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi thiab cov plastids. Piv txwv li, lub prokaryotic cell muaj ib tug su diaphragm, uas yog hu ua mesosoma. Nws yog ntawm no tias tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua pa thiab zog tso tawm nyob rau hauv cov kab mob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, pre-nuclear kab mob muaj peev xwm ntawm sporulation, tab sis lawv tsis yug nrog lawv. Cov noob los yog hlwv yog tuab week uas pab cov kab mob yuav muaj sia nyob unfavorable tej yam kev mob rau lawv. Yuav kom ntxiv lub neej nyob rau hauv qhov uas tsis yog-tub ntxhais tej yam kev mob yuav tau cia cov as-ham - lub sibhawm, complex carbohydrates.

Lub prokaryotic cell yuav muab los ntawm division, budding thiab conjugation. yug me nyuam rau txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub hom ntawm cov kab mob los yog cyanobacteria. Cov kev faib thiab budding - txoj kev uas tso cai rau kuj sai sai ua rau kom cov pejxeem. Conjugation uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv E. coli, ib tug kev sib deev, uas muaj txhawb mus rau lub caj variation nyob rau hauv microorganisms.

Yog li, prokaryotes - ib tug pre-nuclear hlwb, uas tsis tau muaj kev lub cell nucleus thiab yog deprived ntawm ntau membrane organelles, tab sis muaj peev xwm hloov. Hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm tau hloov mus rau nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw uas tsis muaj ib tug tau cawm ntau - ib tug nuclear reactor, cov roj qhov dej. Ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub nceeg vaj Monera yog pathogenic thiab yuav ua tau ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv tib neeg, tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag (dysentery, tonsillitis, tuberculosis). Tsis tas li ntawd, ib co kab mob nyob rau hauv symbiosis nrog eukaryotes (symbiogenesis), e.g. nitrogen kho paus nodule kab mob uas colonize rau cov hauv paus hniav ntawm legumes.