Protein thiab mis nyuj haus protein hydrolysis

Protein - nws yog ib yam tshuaj uas yog ib tug organic compound ntawm ib tug siab hom. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov protein, muaj ntau dua ib tug puas sib txawv amino acids residues. Txhua tus neeg nyob rau hauv nws lub cev yuav tsum muaj tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li kaum tsib kilos ntawm proteins.

Cov nqaijrog yuav ua tau ntawm ob peb hom:

1. Protein yooj yim peptide hom. Lawv muaj xws li tsis ntau tshaj ib puas amino acid residues.

2. Cov nqaijrog oligopeptide hom. Lawv muaj xws li ob mus rau kaum amino acid residues nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau.

3. Protein polypeptide hom. Lawv muaj xws li ntawm kaum rau ib puas amino acid residues nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau.

Koj yuav tsum tau hais tias cov proteins tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm plaub yam ntaub ntawv ntawm lub koom haum:

1. Qhov no yog cov thawj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov protein. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no ntawm cov protein sawv cev los ntawm ib tug linear molecule uas yog tsim los ntawm ib tug sib lawv liag ntawm amino acid residues.

2. Qhov no yog ib theem hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov protein. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no ntawm cov protein yog hloov nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, nws cov ntaub ntawv ib tug zoo muab kauv, anchored by hydrogen bonds.

3. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm tertiary protein. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, siv ntau hom kev mus kauv protein molecule khoov rau ob sab thiab folds rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov kheej kheej qauv, uas yog hu ua nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS globule.

4. Nws yog ib tug quaternary daim ntawv ntawm cov protein. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ob peb protein molecules tsim globules yog tsau rau txhua lwm yam los ntawm cov kev mus.

Thaum lub protein tshwm sim thaum twg lwm cawv, piv txwv li, tus ntawm yam tseem ceeb xws li tsa kub, lub protein molecule pib deteriorate maj tsim qhov zoo. Tab sis thaum twg, thaum kawg, yog txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov thawj qauv ntawm cov protein, ces peb hais tias lub hydrolysis ntawm cov nqaijrog tshwm sim. Hydrolysis ntawm cov nqaijrog - ib tug txheej txheem peculiar kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov thawj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov protein molecule. Qhov no txoj kev yuav tshwm sim ob leeg nyob rau acidic nruab nrab thiab nyob rau hauv alkaline nruab nrab hom. Ruaj ib feem ntawm xws li ib tug natural txheej txheem, xws li hydrolysis ntawm cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv lub cev, nws yog ib qho enzyme - peptidase - hydrolase. Hydrolysis ntawm cov nqaijrog - qhov no yog qhov dhau theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov protein-hom molecules. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm ob los yog ntau dua ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov molecule hu ua denaturation. Denaturation zaum yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub reversible thiab irreversible embodiment. Reversible denaturation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov uas qaug zog mus nyob rau hauv lub protein molecule, thiab irreversible - nyob rau hauv yuam cai ntawm lub complex ntawm muaj zog covalent bonds.

Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv peb lub neej yam khoom zoo li mis nyuj, dhau lawm, nws yog tsim los mas ntawm cov protein. Nws protein muaj peb lub ntsiab Cheebtsam:

1. Lub protein casein. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj rau txog peb feem pua.

2. Laktobulmin. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov nyob tus yeees yog nyob ze rau qhov protein, uas yog pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshiab. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj ntawm txog ib nrab ib feem pua.

3. Lactoglobulin. Qhov no protein yog zoo heev rau lub cev. Nws muaj cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tiv thaiv kab mob rog.

Lub protein nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj yuav tsuas yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug soluble lub xeev, thiab nws yog absorbed rau hauv lub siv ntawm nws nyob rau hauv khoom noj khoom haus rau cuaj caum-yim feem pua. Nws plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cev, siv nws li ib tug khoom noj khoom haus. Nws lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - yog yuav tsum koom rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov hlwb tshiab nyob rau hauv lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kab, nroj tsuag thiab cov tsiaj, raws li zoo raws li nws yuav pab tau rov qab kho cov qub hlwb.

Mis nyuj haus, xws li, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab ntawm keeb kwm los yog lwm yam uas zoo sib xws hauv paus chiv keeb. Tej cov nqaijrog nkag mus rau cov mis nyuj los ntawm lub mammary caj pas hlwb thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yog cov khoom ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb heev functions, uas yog coj los ntawm cov khoom no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov mis nyuj protein muaj feem ntau ntawm cov tseem ceeb cov amino acids uas yuav tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub nws yog tsim nyog rau nws cov ntxiv neej thiab tau hauj lwm.