Shota Rustaveli - tus poj poet thiab statesman

Shota Rustaveli - zoo Georgian kws sau paj lug ntawm tus 12th cov xyoo pua. Nws yog tus heyday ntawm lub Georgian Kingdom nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm tus naas ej Georgian poj huab tais Tamara. Nws yog ib lub sij hawm thaum tus poj Georgia paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no - ib tug me me lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv tub tiv thaiv hwm txawm muaj muaj zog thiab ntau haib neeg nyob ze. Ib qho ntawm feem hwm statesmen thaum lub sij hawm yog Shota Rustaveli.

biography

Official qhov chaw qhia rau peb txog rau hauv thaum ntxov thaum yau ntawm tus poj poet, yuav luag tsis muaj sia nyob. Nws yug los ntawm lub lem ntawm 60-70 xyoo ntawm tus 12th cov xyoo pua. Qhov chaw yug yuav tsis tau kev txiav txim - feem ntau yuav, lo lus "Rustaveli" tsis yog ib tug lub npe, thiab qhia lub cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas tau yug los Shota. Lub npe ntawm "Rustavi" yog ib co ntawm qhov kev koom nyob rau hauv txawv cov cheeb tsam ntawm Georgia.

Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov kws sau paj lug kuj tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej. Raws li ib qhov chaw, Shota Rustaveli yug los rau hauv ib tug muaj nyiaj thiab influential tsev neeg. Cov lus nug ces tshwm sim raws li yog vim li cas xws li ib tug ci ntsa iab txiv neej zais nws tsev neeg lub npe? Nws zoo dua zajlus kom xam yog hais tias nws tau yug los nyob rau hauv ib tug pluag tsev neeg, tab sis rau nws muaj peev xwm nws raug coj kom tau tsa ceg nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm ib qho ntawm lub Georgian nobles, tej zaum Bagrationi. Yuav luag txhim khu kev qha yog cov lus qhia txog zoo niam ua txiv, uas yog Shota: cov tub ntxhais xyoo nws siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov Meskheti monasteries, thiab ces kawm nyob rau hauv tim Nkij teb chaws, brilliantly mastered Greek thiab Latin hom lus, kawm cov legacy ntawm Homer thiab Plato, theology, qhia txog poetics thiab rhetoric. Txoj kev paub no yog pab tau kom nws nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem qhov kev pab.

Georgia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th

Thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm poj huab tais Tamara yog feem ntau hu ua lub Golden muaj hnub nyoog ntawm lub Georgian lub xeev. Qhov no poj niam tuaj koom lub me me principalities rau hauv ib tug loj lub teb chaws. Board ntse thiab zoo-kawm ntawv huab tais coj mus rau lub flourishing ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab tej ntaub ntawv ntawm ancient Georgia, mus rau lub creation ntawm tshiab kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm, rightfully muab nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov lub ntiaj teb txawj monuments ntawm yav dhau los. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub zoo Rustaveli ntawm lub tsev hais plaub Tamara tsim lawv tej hauj lwm ntawm paj huam xws li Shavteli thiab Chahrukadze, uas nws Odes glorifying poj huab tais Tamar, cov ciaj. Qhov no puag ncig sai sai sawv ruaj txawj hluas kws sau paj lug Shota Rustaveli twb tau mus thov lub ntiaj teb no nrog rau lawv cov uas tsis txawj tuag tej hauj lwm.

Tsim ib zaj paj huam

Qhov chaw ntawm 1187 thiab 1207 xyoo ntawm Shota Rustaveli tsim nws zaj paj huam "Lub Knight nyob rau hauv lub Panther (Panther) ntawm daim tawv nqaij". Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov paj huam yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib tug loj qhov chaw, thiab cov cim ntawm cov paj huam muaj cov neeg sawv cev uas tsis yog-existent haiv neeg thiab nationalities. Cleverly siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev sau ntawv hom kev kawm, tus sau xwm qhov tseeb multi-level kev muaj tiag ntawm kev kawm Georgia. Lub heroine ntawm cov paj huam tos rau lub neej nrog rau lub unloved. Nws tsis kam yuav nws, rau li cas siab phem txheeb ze Kadzhetskuyu uas xa tuaj nrog nyob rau hauv ib tug pej thuam. Peb Knight tus muam yog sib ntaus sib tua rau lawv txoj kev ywj pheej thiab nws thiaj li poj niam dawb. Nyob rau hauv no txawj monument yog extolled lub yeej ntawm kev zoo thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev khib thiab ua cev qhev.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem muaj ob peb keeb kwm thiab kev sau ntawv ua tim khawv rau lub allegorical ntsiab lus ntawm cov paj huam, zoo li raws li muaj indirect pointers lub sij hawm ntawm lub creation ntawm no txawj ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub prologue tejyam reign ntawm Tamara thiab nws txoj kev hlub rau David Soslani. Nyob rau hauv lub kawg zaj paj huam lub kws sau paj lug mourns kev tuag ntawm tus huab tais, muaj ib tug npaum nkaus rau lub authorship ntawm Shota Rustaveli - hais tias tus neeg sau ntawm cov kab yog "Meskhi tsis paub hais tias haiv neeg ntawm Rustavi."

pab pej xeem

Paj Huam menyuam contemporaries. Tus sau tau txais ib tug ncej huab tais tus ntawv. Tamara muab nws ib tug Golden cwj mem, uas rau nws txawj pab tau txais Shota Rustaveli. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug hais tias Darren golden cwj mem yeej ib txwm tau mus yuav nyob rau hauv lub kaus mom ntawv. Nws suav hais tias ib tug kos npe rau ntawm nws cov ntawv, kev sau ntawv txuj ci thiab koj tus kheej favors poj huab tais. Nws yog ib tug cwj mem qhov txhia chaw nrog Shota Rustaveli - duab nrog ancient frescoes, ua pov thawj hais tias cov kws sau paj lug yeej ib txwm coj qhws lub cev ua yam ntwv.

Hnub nyob rau hauv lub nroog Yeluxalees

Maj mam admiration ci ntsa iab Tamara muab nyob rau hauv ib tug tob kev txiav txim zoo. Thaum tus poj huab tais hnov txog qhov no lawm, Rustaveli poob mus rau hauv disfavor. Cov kws sau paj lug twb yuam kom khiav tawm mus rau Yeluxalees. Muaj, nws yog yuav los ua ib tug haujsam nyob rau lub monastery ntawm St. Cross thiab nyob rau hauv ua tsaug rau lub vaj tse pleev xim rau cov phab ntsa hauv lub ancient tuam tsev ntawm zoo kawg li frescoes, lawv nws ntawm ib tug nyob deb teb chaws. Muaj kuj yog ib tug kws sau paj lug Georgian thiab tuag. Monastic cov kwv tij tsis tau tsis nco qab lawm qhov tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug - nws tombstone yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov lus "Shota Rustaveli - Georgian statesman (pom)." Nws kuj muaj xws li duab Rustaveli Georgian elegant khaub ncaws thiab nrog rau cov coj inscriptions nyob rau hauv lub Georgian lus. Lub inscription kws sau paj lug nug Vajtswv yuav hlub nws thiab zam txim rau nws tej kev txhaum.