Strelets troops ntawm Peter I. Yuav ua li cas distinguishes strelets troops los ntawm cov kev pab tub rog

Strelets pab tub rog, lub tsev lag luam uas muaj feem rau 1550, Ameslikas muaj peb txhiab tus neeg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg "kev txiav txim" ntawm 500 txhua tus thiab twb tus kheej khwb Ivana Groznogo.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

Laus Slavic lo lus "Sagittarius" yog hais txog ib tug archer, yog ib tug loj feem ntawm medieval pab tub rog. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv Russia los ua thiaj hu ua cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov thawj kev pab tub rog. Strelets troops hloov lub militia-Pishalnikov. Txib "kev txiav txim" knights cov me nyuam.

Lub archers tau stationed nyob rau hauv suburban kev sib hais haum. Lawv txiav txim cov nyiaj hli ntawm 4 rubles ib xyoo. Strelets pab tub rog maj pib ua mus li lawm lub Moscow garrison.

Tus thawj kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws raws li ib txwm pab tub rog

Tam sim ntawd tom qab nws tsos strelets pab tub rog tau txais nws kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws. Sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv 1552 warriors mus ntes Kazan, Ivan IV ntawm cov kev pab tub rog thiab qhov no muaj novoorganizovannoe unit. Nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub siege thiab tom ntej storming ntawm lub nroog strelets pab tub rog ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm. Nws yog kev lom zem ntau pab mus rau txoj kev vam meej ntawm lub phiaj los nqis tes ntawm conquest ntawm lub Kazan Khanate.

Tsar Ivan IV, los txaus siab rau lawv cov archers, pib sai kom lawv muaj pes tsawg. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th muaj txog 8000. Los ntawm kawg ntawm tus 80s, twb nyob rau hauv tus muaj zog ntawm successor ntawm Ivan IV, Fedora Ioannovicha, - ntau tshaj 12 txhiab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ntau tshaj ib nrab - 7000 archers - nyob mus tas li nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab tus so - mus lwm lub zos, nyob qhov twg nqa mas garrison los yog tub ceev xwm kev pab cuam.

Yuav ua li cas yog strelets pab tub rog

2000 Moscow musketeers tau thiaj li hu ua "aspiring" ua tau dragoons thiab infantry tsaws rau tus nees. Nws los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub rati Moscow lig 16th thiab thaum ntxov 17th caug xyoo. Zoo tsis muaj leej twg ntawm cov loj campaigns, xws li cov phiaj los nqis tes thaum lub sij hawm Livonian ua tsov ua rog, thiab rau thiaj yuav rau tua nyob rau cov Moscow Crimean Tatars tsis tau ua tsis tau lawv.

Txawm li cas los, rau tag nrho cov tseem ceeb peb yuav tsum tsis txhob overestimate no unit. Strelets pab tub rog raug tsim los oust los yog txawm hloov lub zos cavalry. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis tshwm sim. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias qhov no pab tub rog yog ib tug heev formidable quab yuam. Cuaj kaum, ua ntaj riam thaiv qeeb firing pischal (wicking phom uas 8 kg, ib tug caliber ntawm 22 hli thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm mus txog 200 m), streltsi tsis tau ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm ntawm kev vam meej. Lawv yuav tsum tau npog li lub hav zoov, vim hais tias cov uas lawv twb tau mus ntaus tus yeeb ncuab tsis muaj risking raug tua thaum lub sij hawm ntawm recharging nws antediluvian riam phom.

failures

Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, qhov twg cov zaub mov kuj armed nrog zoo xws li cov cover rau lub shooters pib pikemen, tab sis lub Lavxias teb sab steppe, lawv puas. Yog li ntawd strelets pab tub rog rau lub hom phiaj no siv lub ntuj folds ntawm lub roob hav, hav zoov thiab nyuaj. Nkaum qab rau lawv, nws twb tau mus suav rau ib tug muaj kev vam meej thiaj yuav ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam. Raws li nws tshwm sim, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv 1555, lub xyoo nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sudbischami qhov twg strelets pab tub rog twb tua yeej los ntawm Krymchaks, muab zais rau hauv cov ntoo qhib thiab tiv thaiv kom txog rau thaum yav tsaus ntuj thaum Khan, yuav tsum ntshai lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm tshiab Lavxias teb sab rog tsis thim rov qab.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv strelets pab tub rog los ntawm cov kev pab tub rog

Ntau npaum li cas vam meej "kev txiav txim" tau ua nyob rau hauv lub chaw tiv thaiv thiab lub siege ntawm lub fortress. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv muaj sij hawm los npaj qhov tsim nyog defenses - tours, trenches los yog laj kab. Yog li ntawd, historians ntseeg tau hais tias, thaum uas tsim ib lub cev ntawm musketeers Ivan Grozny thiab nws advisers sim ntse hloov European kev ntawm kev tsim ib cov kev infantry rau Lavxias teb sab tseeb. Lawv tsis blindly luam cov "txawv teb chaws" cov tub rog tsim, arming ob tshwj xeeb hom ntawm infantry, thiab tau tag rau tsuas yog ib qho, tab sis qhov zoo tshaj nyob rau hauv tej kev cai ntawm Russia.

Kev Kawm Ntawv Strelets troops yuav hu ua lub Lavxias teb sab tub rog cov lus teb rau cov kev xav thaum uas ua cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm phau ntawv hluav taws-caj npab. Nws yuav tsum ua raws li ib tug ntxiv rau lub zos cavalry, uas twb ua ntaj riam thaiv mas ntuav thiab melee riam phom. Txawm li cas los, ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev pab tub rog Musketeers pab tub rog yuav tsis tau lwm tus. Rau no yuav tsum tau sib txawv, tsis tsuas riam phom thiab tactics, tab sis kuj cov yeeb ncuab. Thiab mus txog rau thaum uas tshwm sim, qhov no pab tub rog tseem ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyog, tab sis yog me feem ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th tus Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog.

Qhov no yog rawsli thiab cov kev luj ntawm archers nyob rau hauv nws. Los ntawm kawg ntawm lub thib kaum rau caug xyoo, raws li ntau yam kev kwv yees, tus xov tooj ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog muaj mus txoj los ntawm 75 mus 110 txhiab tus neeg. Thaum strelets pab tub rog muaj txog 12,000 tus tub rog, thaum tsis yog txhua txhua yog tau mus koom nrog nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj ntev los campaigns. Cuaj kaum, tus yooj yim kauj ruam ntawm lub creation nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm ib tug tshiab hom ntawm cov tub rog twb tau noj lawm.

Strelets troops Peter

Cov kev pab tub rog ntawm Peter, cov nyob rau German qauv, yog ho zoo dua. Tub rog kev pab cuam rau kev them nqi cov nyiaj hli. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, rau cov nom tswv cajceg ntawm cov kev pab yuav tsum tau. Dog dig tus neeg tshaj tawm hais tias conscription.

Nyob rau hauv Streltsi tib pab tub rog cov tub rog rau lawv cov kev pab muab tej txiaj ntsim allotments. Feem ntau ntawm lawv nyob nrog lawv tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub Musketeers District nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib qho kev hais haum. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus nqa tawm tub rog ua hauj lwm thaum lub sij hawm sowing los yog sau: archers tsis kam.

Los ntawm Ivanom Groznym strelets pab tub rog thiab Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich rhawv "tshiab thiaj" roos ib qho tseem ceeb theem nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov kev pab tub rog. Tab sis raws li ntev raws li cov pab tub rog tau coexisted nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus, lawv yuav tsis yog ib tug unified pab tub rog. Lub Warriors twb tsis lossi nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. Ntxiv mus, txawm hauv txee ntawm lub "tshiab thiaj" tom qab qhov kawg ntawm hostilities yuav tsum tau yaj, thiab ces nrhiav, yog tseem zoo hu rau untrained peasants.

tu siab kawg

Tom qab lub Azov phiaj los nqis tes rau lub Emperor Peter kuv yog ntseeg hais tias cov tub rog nws tau txais, nws yog kiag li tsis haum rau txoj tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv cov hom phiaj uas nws teev nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws feem ntawm cov kho kom zoo ntawm lub sij hawm yog ib tug tshaj dhau es rov ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog qauv nyob rau hauv lub xeev. Thiab saum toj no tag nrho, nws yog tus creation ntawm ib tug tsis tu ncua pab tub rog, uas tau raws li nyob rau hauv lub recruiting system thiab yog sib txawv kiag li los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tsim ntawm Strelets pab tub rog.

Cuaj kaum, Pishalnikov Basil III thiab Ivan IV archers leem mus ncaj nraim rau cov tub rog 'regiments sovereigns Mikhail Fedorovich thiab Alexei Mikhailovich. Thiab twb nyob rau lawv - ncaj qha mus rau Peter lub fuzeleram.

Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev fav xeeb hauv 1699 Peter lub Great kom mus disperse strelets pab tub rog, tawm hauv ib co ntawm nws mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau outskirts ntawm Russia.