Creativity M. Yu. Lermontova, raws li tau feem ntau tau taw tes qhia tawm los ntawm critics, kom huv si permeated nrog motifs ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab ntxeev siab. Cov kws sau paj lug-ntxeev siab, kws sau paj lug loner nrhiav kev sib haum xeeb nyob rau hauv lub nag, perceiving nws nyob rau lub ntiaj teb no mus ib txhis tsim txom wanderer, Lermontov yog tsis tiv thaiv rau tej tyranny kav cov vaj ntxwv ntawm lub ntiaj teb, los yog los ntawm nws tus kheej nyiam ntawm lub saum ntuj ceeb tsheej rulers. Zoo siab nruj nyob rau hauv nws tus plig ntuj raug txim contradictions, kev tu siab thiab kev txom nyem dab - uas yog qhov tseeb hero ntawm Lermontov, ntawm no yog ib tug rog xav txog ntawm nws puab "Kuv". Thiab qhov ntau tsab pom cov npau taws, nplaim taws, sharply ironic kws sau paj lug nyias kab thiab lub ringing lyric Miniatures. Yog, nws sau ob peb kwv huam, uas nws hu ua "kev thov Vajtswv."
Kwv huam 1839
"Kev thov Vajtswv" Lermontov, uas yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm tau sau nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub kws sau paj lug lub neej - ntau precisely, nyob rau hauv 1839. Inspired los ntawm lig cawv nws "tubtxib saum ntuj ntawm lub teeb" Mikhail Yurevich - Mashenkoy Scherbatovoy (Duchess Maria Alekseevna), uas hlub tiag, to taub Lermontov lub tswv yim, siab tsenivshey nws raws li kws sau paj lug thiab tus txiv neej. Ntxiv mus, Shcherbatova tej sib sib zog nqus kev txiav txim zoo rau Lermontov. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm intimate sib tham, thaum ib tug tub hluas muab qhia rau tus ntxhais fuabtais innermost kev xav, kev paub, kev tu siab, Shcherbatova qhia nws tig mus rau Vajtswv. Nqa Leej Txiv Saum Ntuj koj tu siab, chim siab, npau taws. Thiab kuv thov kom Nws pab. "Kev thov Vajtswv" Lermontov - yog embodied nyob rau hauv lub poetic daim ntawv ntawm cov lus cog tseg ntawm ib tug ntxhais hluas, cov lus teb, nyob rau nws.
Txhais lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem poetic
Yuav ua li cas tsis zoo li cov paj huam feem ntau ntawm dab tsi lub kws sau paj lug yuav tsum tau sau ntawv! Mos thiab melodic intonations, me nyuam, thaj, uas tib laus, lub ntsiab kev sib tham. Calm, cia siab rau zaj dab neeg txog lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, intimate, uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm txhua tus ntawm peb. "Kev thov Vajtswv" Lermontov - ib tug tu tub tu kiv ntawm tej lub sijhawm thaum ib tug neeg tsis tu tsis tseg kom cia tsuas yog nyob rau lawv tus kheej los yog lwm tus neeg. Thaum tsuas ib tug ntau dua hwj chim muaj peev xwm pab tau, rau kev nplij siab, muab kev cia siab. Uas yog hais txog nws - lub thawj zaj paj huam ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Tus sau qhia txog: Vajtswv peb nco ntsoov thaum nws tiav niam txiv phem, tsis cia siab, thaum lub plawv yog "ze tu siab," thiab peb tsis pom tej yam lumen. Yuav ua li cas tseem yog ib tug txiv neej nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub abyss? Thov Vajtswv! Lermontov nyob rau hauv lub thib ob zaj paj huam ntawm lub paj huam hais txog nws "siab dawb siab zoo" quab yuam, hais tias cov lus thov ntawm lo lus "nyob", tag nrho ntawm "dawb huv charms." Yuav ua li cas to taub no? Fertile - .. Ie txuag, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntseeg Vajtswv "kev tshav ntuj" - cov lus rau cov neeg txog tau txoj kev cawm seej, kev zam txim, nyob mus ib txhis lub neej. Li no nws extends semantic logic saw mus rau lub epithet "nyob lo lus". Nyob rau hauv ib tes, cov kwv huam ntawm Lermontov, "Tus Thov Vajtswv" qhia hais tias cov ntawv nyeem ntawm qhov tsis txaus siab rau Vajtswv, rau cov neeg ntseeg, yog tsis muaj lub hnub nyoog, thiab hais txhiab thiab txhiab tus neeg uas paub lawv thiab NW nyuam qhuav kawm tau mus tham cov me nyuam yaus, thiab nyob rau hauv tus txiv neej laus. Lawv yog cov tseem ciaj sia, tsis tau yog ciaj sia txoj kev ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam - poetic kab qhia hais tias, tsis muaj kev txhawj tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev thov Vajtswv, ib tug neeg pom tau tias zoo dua, xws li raug los yug dua rov qab los. Lermontov - ib tug artist thiab raws li ib tug neeg muaj tswv yim, yim txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm nws cov ces. Nws yuav pab tsis tau tab sis li cas rau cov aesthetic sab los ntawm Vajtswv txoj lus, lawv muab tshwj xeeb poetics, "dawb huv kev zoo nkauj". Yog li ntawd nrog lwm tus, npaj txhij txog sab yog tshwm sim los rau peb "Kev thov Vajtswv" Lermontov. Qhov thib peb zaj paj huam - pub leej twg paub piav qhia li cas ib tug txiv neej pom tau tias tom qab tham nrog Vajtswv. Qhov no catharsis, purification, rebirth, transformation. Yog li, nyob rau hauv MU paj huam Lermontov lub "Kev thov Vajtswv" yog kom meej meej twb tsis siv peb-ib feem muaj pes tsawg leeg uas yuav pab kom to taub nws cov ideological thiab aesthetic theem.
Xws li yog cov amazing ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug.