Vitaly Ginzburg: biography, kev ua si

Vitaly Ginzburg - lub ntiaj teb no-nrov Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab theoretical physicist thiab xib fwb, academician thiab tus kws kho mob ntawm physico-zauv sciences. Nyob rau hauv 2003 nws tau txais lub Nobel nqi zog. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1950, nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog tus naas ej Landau zaum tsim ib tug phenomenological kev tshawb xav ntawm superconductivity.

thaum yau

Vitaly Ginzburg tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1916 nyob rau hauv ib tug Moscow tsev neeg ntawm ib tug engineer thiab ib tug kws kho mob Lazar Ginzburg Avgusty Ginzburg. Nyob rau hauv lub plaub lub xyoos sab laug yam tsis muaj ib leej niam raws li nws tuag ntawm typhoid fever. Tom qab xws li ib tug txaus ntshai poob rau lub upbringing ntawm cov me nyuam yaus coj lub me muam Augusta - Rose.

Me nyuam tseem yau siv nyob rau hauv tsev, uas tau txais lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tag nrho cov dab yog tswj thiab ua tau zoo txiv Vitali. Nyob rau hauv 1927 nws tau tsiv mus rau lub tub kawm thib plaub ntawm xya-xyoo general theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1931, nws nkag mus hauv lub Hoobkas tsev kawm ntawv.

Ntxiv scientific lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1938 nws kawm tiav los ntawm nws kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Moscow, uas ib tug hluas kawm ua tib zoo kawm lub cev, thiab lej sciences, tom qab uas nws nkag mus hauv lub Moscow State University graduate tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws pib nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv theoretical physics.

Ginzburg Vitaliy Lazarevich (uas nws biography yog piav nyob rau hauv kom meej nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm) nyob rau hauv nws cov kev ua ub no them zoo mloog mus rau cov kev tshawb xav ntawm superfluidity thiab superconductivity. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1950, ua ke nrog tus naas ej physicist Landau npaj lub hom phiaj ntawm superconductivity.

Nws tseem yog tau daws qho tseem ceeb heev cov teeb meem ntawm quantum electrodynamics. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog tau ua txhua yam kom daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm tus tiv thaiv ntawm lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv 1940 nws muab tso rau pem hauv ntej lub hom phiaj ntawm superluminal tawg nyob rau hauv muaju. Tiam ntse thiab resourceful txiv neej yog Ginzburg Vitaliy Lazarevich.

Lub Nobel nqi zog

Nyob rau hauv 2003, tus naas ej tus paub txog twb muab tsub lub Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv physics, ua ke nrog A. Abrikosov thiab E. Leggett. Ginzburg-Landau kev tshawb xav pub txhais kom meej ib co thermodynamic kev sib raug zoo thiab muab ib tug piav rau tus cwj pwm ntawm ib tug superconductor nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb. Vitaly Ginzburg, uas thawj qhia tau qhov tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm ntawm gamma thiab X-ray astronomy.

Nws paub tias ua ntej ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm xov tooj cua tsis, uas zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv tus txheej cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub hnub ci halo. Nws npaj ib txoj kev ntawm kawm ua qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hnub siv tshwj xeeb xov tooj cua.

Raws li cov Ginzburg-Landau kev tshawb xav, lub electron roj nyob rau hauv ib tug superconductor - ib tug superfluid kua ntws los ntawm cov ntxaij ntoo tsis muaj tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kuj tom heev tsawg kub.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau txais txeeb heev heev, khoom plig thiab medals tsis tsuas yog ntawm Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab scale, tab sis kuj lub ntiaj teb no.

Kev cai dab qhuas kev ntseeg

Vitaly Ginzburg yog ib tug neeg tsis ntseeg Vajtswv, yog vim li cas tsis muab lub neej ntawm Vajtswv. Rau nws, tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse raws li tsuas yog nyob rau science, cov pov thawj thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub thwmsim.

Kev cai dab qhuas txoj kev ntseeg kuj implies lub hav zoov ntawm txuj ci tseem ceeb, uas tsis yuav tsum tau piav qhia los ntawm ib tug scientific point of view. Astrology kawm xam tau tias yog ib tug pseudoscience, thiab Horoscopes - nws yog kev lom zem thiab kev lom zem. Tom qab nyeem ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug magazine astrological forecast, ib tug neeg yuav coj kom zoo dua sawv cev rau nws thiab liam lawv lub neej. Physicists ntseeg tau hais tias ib tug kawm ntawv tus neeg yuav tsis ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv Vajtswv, raws li pov thawj ntawm nws lub neej twb tsis tau muaj pov thawj. Tib yam siv rau lub kev dawb huv ntawm cov phau ntawv uas yog keeb kwm monuments.

Vitali raug txwv mus rau cov kev qhia ntawm cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv kev cai dab qhuas kev kawm. Nws muaj ib tug txaus ntshai tshwm sim, thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv tuaj mus rau lub pov thawj thiab cov me nyuam nyeem nqe vaj lug kub los ntawm phau Vajlugkub. Cov me nyuam txoj kev kawm ntawv yuav tsum pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm logic thiab tib zoo xav.

Major tej hauj lwm

Ginzburg Vitaly, uas nws pab tau invaluable kawm txuj ci rau tib neeg, yog tus sau ntawm plaub puas khoom thiab kaum phau ntawv nyob rau theoretical physics thiab astronomy. Nyob rau hauv 1940 nws muab tso rau pem hauv ntej qhov kev tshawb xav ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv muaju. Thiab rau xyoo tom qab, ua ke nrog J. Frank yees lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev hloov tawg, uas tshwm sim nyob rau ciam teb ntawm ob tug sib txawv kev kawm ntawm ib tug tib particle.

Nyob rau hauv 1950, ua ke nrog Landau nws yog tus sau ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm semi-phenomenological superconductivity. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1958, nws tsim cov kev tshawb xav ntawm superfluidity nrog L. Pitaevskii.

Sab nraum zoov kev ua ub no

Ginzburg Vitaly, uas nws biography fascinates nyeem txawm tias tom qab txoj kev tuag physics, cov ntsiab lus tawm hais tias tus paub txog coj ib tug active lub neej kev. Nyob rau hauv 1955 nws tau kos npe rau ib tug "tsab ntawv peb puas", thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd - ib daim ntawv thov qhia tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm txoj cai nyob rau hauv pursuit ntawm "anti-Soviet ntxhov siab thiab kev dag." Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Commission, tiv thaiv cov bureaucracy, thiab kuj yog lub editor ntawm ob peb scientific txhua hnub. Ib tug kawm ntawv tus txiv neej, nws xav li cas txog ib tug neeg uas kawm tau zoo rau tag nrho cov tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm, uas qhia rau theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yog rau cov neeg no thiab sau cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm physics.

ntau txheej xwm

Ginzburg Vitaly (interesting tseeb piav qhia txog lub tus kheej lub neej ntawm tus paub txog) tau sib yuav ob zaug. Thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Moscow State University Olga suede, thiab lub thib ob - nyob rau hauv ib sim physicist Nina Ermakova. Kuv muaj ib tug ntxhais ntawm nws tus thawj kev sib yuav thiab ob granddaughters.

Lub yim tuag nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 2009 thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm cuaj caum-peb xyoos, lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Nws tseg ib invaluable pab mus rau tib neeg. Vitaly Ginzburg yog tsis tsuas yog ib tug zoo heev theoretical physicist, tab sis kuj yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus tus neeg. Nws raug faus nyob rau hauv Moscow thaum lub Novodevichy toj ntxas.