Zener - dab tsi yog qhov no thiab yog dab tsi rau?

Zener - diode yog ib tug semiconductor nrog nws zog. Yog hais tias ib tug dog dig semiconductor thaum qhov rov qab xam nrog yog ib tug insulator, nws ua no muaj nuj nqi mus txog rau thaum ib tug tej yam kev loj hlob ntawm lub thov voltage, whereupon reversible avalanche neej puas tshwm sim. Nrog ntxiv kev nce rau hauv khiav los ntawm cov zener diode rov qab voltage tseem qhov vim lub proportional thawj ntawm cov kuj. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev uas tau mus cuag lub stabilization hom.

Thaum kaw, cov zener thawj kis ib tug me me tam sim no to. Caij behaves raws li ib tug resistor uas nws kuj muaj nqis yog loj. Nyob rau hauv lub rhuav tshem ntawm lub zener kuj yuav negligible. Yog hais tias ntxiv txuas ntxiv mus tsa lub tswv yim voltage, lub caij pib kom sov li thiab thaum lub tam sim no tshaj qhov permissible nqi ntawm cov irreversible thermal khiav tawm hauv tsev. Yog hais tias nws tsis yog coj mus rau nws, ib tug kev hloov ntawm voltage ntawm xoom mus rau lub sab sauv txwv ntawm lub zener ntshoo khoom no muab khaws cia tseg.

Thaum ncaj qha hloov zener diode yam ntxwv tsis txawv los ntawm lub diode. Thaum kev cob cog rua rau lub p-plus cheeb tsam thiab rho tawm - mus n-cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev hloov kuj yog me me thiab lub tam sim no ntws los ntawm nws dawb do. Nws tsub kom nrog tswv yim voltage.

Zener - ib tug tshwj xeeb diode, kev cob cog rua feem ntau rov qab. Thawj lub caij yog nyob rau hauv lub kaw lub xeev. Thaum ib tug hluav taws xob neej puas zener voltage yog khaws cia tas li nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tam sim no ntau yam.

Yog nkag mus rau lub anode tsis zoo thiab cov cathode - plus. Tshaj ntawd stabilization (taw tes 2 hauv qab no) thiab cov overheat tsub kom qhov tshwm sim ntawm tes tsis ua hauj lwm.

yam ntxwv ntawm

zener diode tsis yog raws li nram no:

• U _v - stabilization voltage ntawm lub nominal tam sim no kuv _v;
• _{Tsab xov xwm} kuv _Min - yam tsawg kawg nkaus neej puas fais tam sim no pib;
• Kuv _{st max} - lub siab tshaj plaws permissible tam sim no;
• TKN - kub coefficient.

Tsis zoo li cov pa diode, lub zener diode - ib tug semiconductor ntaus ntawv, nyob rau hauv uas tam sim no-voltage cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teb ntawm hluav taws xob thiab thermal neej puas yog nyob deb txaus los ntawm txhua lwm yam.

Nrog ib tug tshaj plaws pub tam sim no ntawm lwm tsis, feem ntau muab nyob rau hauv lub rooj - hwj chim dissipation:

P _max = kuv _max ∙ U _{v v.}

Nyob tos rau kub ntawm lub lag luam ntawm lub zener diode tej zaum yuav ib tug TKN zoo los tsis zoo. Cov tshwm sim los muaj kev twb kev txuas ntsiab uas txawv tej yam tshwm sim rau lub coefficients yog precision zener tsis nyob ntawm cov cua kub lossis cua txias.

ntawm lub Circuit Court

Ib tug raug daim duab ntawm ib tug yooj yim stabilizer, muaj li ntawm ib tug ballast kuj R _b thiab zener diode shunt load.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, muaj ib tug cuam tshuam ntawm stabilization.

1. Stabilizer infeed loj voltage ntawm ib lub hwj chim qhov twg los nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tso zis lim capacitor. Inrush tam sim no thaum uas them yuav tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub zener diode los yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov resistor R _b.
2. load shedding. Thaum ua ntawv thov mus rau lub siab tshaj plaws tswv yim voltage ntawm lub zener diode tam sim no tej zaum yuav ntau tshaj qhov pub uas ua rau nws puas tsuaj thiab cua sov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li cov phau ntawv hla tebchaws muaj kev nyab xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm cheeb tsam.
3. Lub kuj R _b yog xaiv me me, yog li ntawd rau tus nqi qis tau tus nqi ntawm cov mov voltage thiab lub siab tshaj plaws pub load tam sim no mus rau lub zener diode yog nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm kev cai cheeb tsam.

Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov stabilizer siv thyristor tiv thaiv circuits los yog fuses.

Resistor R _b yog xam los ntawm cov mis:

R _b = (U _{aub tsiv} - U _{SG) (V} + kuv _n).

Zener tam sim no kuv _v yog xaiv ntawm tau nyiaj pab ntau tshaj thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus qhov tseem ceeb, nyob ntawm seb lub tswv yim voltage U _{aub tsiv} thiab load tam sim no kuv _n.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm zener

Lub ntsiab muaj ib tug loj variation nyob rau hauv lub voltage stabilization. Yog xav tau ib tug muaj tseeb tus nqi ntawm U _n, Zener diodes raug xaiv los ntawm cov tib batch. Muaj yam uas ib tug nqaim ntau yam ntawm tsis. Thaum muaj hwj huam dissipation ntsiab mounted rau dab.

tsim nyog cov tswv yim ntaub ntawv rau lub xam ntawm ciaj ciam ntawm lub zener diode, piv txwv li, raws li nram no:

• U _num = 12-15 - tswv yim voltage;
• U _v = 9 - stabilized voltage;
• R _n = 50-100 MA - load.

Tsis yam ntxwv ntawm pab kiag li lawm nrog tsis muaj zog noj.

Rau ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus tswv yim voltage ntawm 12 V, tam sim no nyob rau ntawm lub lub siab tshaj plaws load yog xaiv - 100 ma. Raws li Ohm txoj cai yuav nrhiav tau ib tug tag nrho cov luj ntawm lub saw:

R _Σ = 12 V / 0.1 A = 120 ohms.

Zener voltage nco yog 9 V. Nyob rau hauv tam sim no ntawm 0.1 A dummy load yog:

R _eq = 9 V / 0.1 A = 90 ohms.

Tam sim no nws yog ua tau los mus txiav txim cov kuj ntawm lub ballast:

R _B = 120 ohms - 90 ohms = 30 ohms.

Nws yog xaiv los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem ntau yam uas tus nqi coincides nrog lub xam tus nqi.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no los ntawm lub zener diode yog txiav txim los ntawm kev noj mus rau hauv tus account lub load disconnection, hais tias nws tsis yog tawm ntawm kev txiav txim, yog tias muaj unsolder hlau. Lub voltage nco thoob plaws lub resistor yuav tsum:

U _R = 15 - 9 = 6 V.

Tom ntej no, tam sim no los ntawm resistor:

Kuv _R = 6/30 = 0,2 A.

Txij li thaum lub zener diode yog kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series rau nws, kuv _c = Kuv _R = 0,2 A.

hwj chim dissipation yuav P = 0,2 ∙ 9 = 1.8 watts.

Raws li cov tau tsis xaiv ib tug haum zener D815V.

symmetrical zener

Ib tug diac yog ib tug switching ntaus ntawv, ib tug conductive alternating tam sim no. Ib tug feature ntawm nws ua hauj lwm yog mus poob qhov voltage mus rau ob peb volts thaum muaj nyob rau hauv lub chav 30-50 V. Nws yuav hloov los ntawm ob oppositely pa zener muaj. Devices yog siv raws li switching ntsiab.

analogue zener

Thaum koj nrhiav tsis tau ib tug haum lub caij, siv lub analogy ntawm ib tug zener diode transistors. Lawv zoo dua yog qhov tseem ntawm voltage kev cai. Qhov no yuav thov DC amplifiers uas muaj ntau theem.

Thaum lub tswv yim voltage divider los tsim kho lub trimming resistor R1. Yog hais tias lub tswv yim voltage tsub kom, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub transistor VT1 yog tseem ua. Qhov no yuav tsub rau tam sim no los ntawm cov transistor VT2, uas compensates rau lub voltage nce, yog li tswj nws ruaj khov tso zis.

npav Zener

Muaj nyob rau hauv lub khob zener diodes thiab Zener diodes nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab yas vaj tse nyob. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv cov nuj nqis 2, nruab nrab ntawm uas tsab ntawv V. Title 9V1 ntawd hais tias U _v = 9,1 V.

Nyob rau yas tsev nyob inscriptions yog deciphered siv cov datasheet, qhov chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm kuj nrhiav lwm yam kev xaiv.

Tsaus nplhaib rau lub cev uas qhia los ntawm lub cathode, uas yog kev cob cog rua ib tug ntxiv.

xaus

Zener - diode nws nrog tshwj xeeb. Qhov kom zoo dua yog qhov siab Zener voltage kev cai tshaj ib tug ntau ua hauj lwm ntau yam ntawm tam sim no variation, raws li zoo raws li tej yam yooj yim kev twb kev txuas tswvyim. Yuav kom tswj cov uas tsis muaj voltage pab kiag li lawm xws li ib tug pem hauv ntej kev taw qhia, thiab lawv pib ua hauj lwm raws li ib txwm diodes.