Brodskiy Isaak Izrailevich: biography thiab yees duab paintings

Lub Soviet kos duab ntawm lub twenties muaj ib qho kev sib daj sib deev ntawm yeej sib txawv yug los ntawm artistic nrhiav tus pib ntawm lub xyoo pua. Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov aesthetic merits ntawm ntau pictorial tiam sis pragmatic Bolsheviks twb tsis muaj lub sij hawm, yuav tsum tau xaiv ib tug txoj kev, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus luaj lub masses, deb ntawm lub fine art, duab sib cav tswv yim. Lub personification ntawm txoj kev yog ib tug txawj ntse tswv ntawm realism - Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich los ua ib tug "tsev hais plaub" los ntawm cov artist, nyob rau hauv uas lub Soviet tsoom fwv yuav tsum tau tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li ib yam ntawm cov xeem monarchy.

tag kev cia siab kes duab vajtse

Yog hais tias nws niam nws txiv kuj yog ib tug me ntsis saib los ntawm daim ntaub thaiv ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej, lawv yuav tsis qhia rau cov me Isaac, hais tias cov profession ntawm tus artist - dhau unreliable txoj kev uas yuav luag ib tug xis lub neej. Lawv nyiam yav tom ntej kes duab vajtse Brodsky npe. Isaak Izrailevich, nws tsev neeg tau nyob rau lub daj ntawm hais sib haum nyob rau hauv lub Tauride xeev, tau ploj mus, unthinkable nyob rau hauv lwm era. Xav txog tej yam dab tsi lawv tus tub yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tsev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab capital, muaj ib tug nplua nuj sau ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab thiab ua ib tug neeg pleev kob tus kheej rulers ntawm cov loj heev lub teb chaws, es cov neeg pluag neeg Yudais tub txawj tub ntse los ntawm ib tug me me lub zos nyob ze Berdyansk Sophievka cia li ua tsis tau.

Yug nyob rau hauv 1883, lub neej yav tom ntej lub taub hau ntawm lub Academy of Arts thaum xub thawj xav los ua ib tug tshuab raj. Tab sis, ces nws nyiam redraw cov duab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj calendar. Nws muab tawm no mas, thiab nws xav mus kawm kom pleev xim los ntawm tiag tiag ntxias. Cov nyob ze zoo xws li cov tsev kawm ntawv yog Odessa duab lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab tsis ntev los ua tus Art Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm lub Academy ntawm Fine Arts. Nws me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab ua nyob rau hauv 1896 Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich tsis mloog lub tswv yim rau cov niam txiv kom paub ntau ntxiv robust architecture thiab cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub painting department.

menyuam kawm ntawv Repin

Muaj peev xwm rov hais dua rau cov neeg uas muaj feem xyuam rau koj txoj hmoov, backed los ntawm zog ua hauj lwm thiab undeniable txuj ci tau yeej ib txwm pab Brodsky nyob rau hauv lub neej. Nws kuj tso cai rau nws nyob rau hauv 1903 los ua ib tug thwj tim ntawm tus poj Repin, Isaac twb tsiv mus rau tus thawj cov hoob kawm nyob rau hauv lub Academy ntawm St. Petersburg tom qab ib tug ci ntsa iab thaum xaus ntawm lub Odessa tsev kawm ntawv. Repin kawg yog tuab heev, tab sis Brodsky tswj kom tau mus rau lub qhov rooj nkag mus ntsuam xyuas rau yog nqus nyob ua qauv, uas ua tus tswv. Nws tau mus rau qhov chaw uas tus qauv pom nyob rau hauv ib tug heev yooj yim lub, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm mus tiv nrog no ua hauj lwm. Cov neeg uas nws cov kev ua hauj lwm yog ib menyuam los ntawm Iloy Efimovichem, yog tseem Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich rau tsib lub xyoos tau ib tug ntawm cov nyiam cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob.

Dhau li virtuoso cov txheej txheem thiab ntse zoo, tus tub hluas artist los ntawm Repin tsis zoo tus cwj pwm mus rau ntau yam "antics" nyob rau hauv painting, rau tej sib txawv los ntawm ib tug muaj tiag rog xav txog ntawm cov xwm. Tsis zoo li lwm tus menyuam kawm Repin, ntog nyob rau hauv lub loj loj los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv thiab pib blindly luam cov style ntawm nws tus tswv, Brodsky tsim nws tus kheej style, uas hu ua "Openwork" thiab uas tseem ua ib tug qauv. Repin defended nws tus menyuam kawm ntawv, thaum Brodsky yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub Academy ntawm caricatures ntawm cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau ntawm lub lub sij hawm ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv nom tswv.

Txawv tebchaws mus cov teb chaws Europe

Tomqab kawm tas txoj kev kawm nyob rau Academy rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiav - ib tug kub puav pheej - muab txoj cai mus ntxiv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws. Dua zaum kawg puav pheej thiab lub sijhawm los mus them rau ib qho chaw twg rau teb chaws Europe thiab tau txais Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich ntsos siv sij hawm kawm cov masterpieces ntawm yav dhau los thiab kawm txog tshiab tiam sis nyob rau hauv painting. Nws ua hauj lwm nyuaj thiab yog teem, ua haujlwm tau nyiaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm tus tsim masters. Tom qab qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm lub ncig saib, tom qab ib tug kev sib tham ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, lub Academy txiav txim siab los cuag nws mus txawv tebchaws rau lwm rau lub hlis.

Thaum lub sij hawm craze nrhiav tshiab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv kos duab tsis dim tej yam uas cov tshiab European painting thiab Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, uas nws biography yog ib txoj kev rau staunch neeg uas xav tau qhov tseeb, siv nyob rau hauv nws duab motifs ntawm Art Nouveau thiab symbolism. Tab sis, raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm nws tus kws qhia ntawv, thiab nco ntsoov cov lus ntawm Repin lub "antics", nws tau txais ib tug hostile txais tos garde creativity. Tom qab mus xyuas lub Picasso kev cob qhia, Braque, Matisse Brodsky puas tau ua ib tug supporter ntawm tsoos, muaj tiag painting.

Master salon painting

Cov kos duab historians muaj kev ntseeg hais tias yog hais tias, nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1917 tsis tshwm sim radical hloov ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv system, Brodsky yuav muaj sai sai mus txog tus txheej xwm thiab txheem ntawm nyob ntawm tej hnub qub salon los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug niaj hnub txoj kev, "glamour" ntawm painting li Konstantin Makovsky thiab Henry Semiradsky. Nws muaj ib tug ntau heev yuav ua: lub zog thiab zog ua hauj lwm, virtuosity thiab muaj peev xwm rov hais dua mus rau cov neeg ntawm high zej zog, muaj peev xwm hais lus nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no, "yuav ib tug qauv."

Nws tsis yog lub npe hu li cas ua tsaug txais tos lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub autocracy thiab lub tom ntej yeej ntawm lub Soviet hwj chim cov artist Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich muaj tseeb yuav tau ua ib tug neeg pleev kob qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Paris los yog New York. Tab sis nws tseem, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau ntau intellectuals nyob rau hauv Russia thiab yuav nrog nws, ntiaj teb no nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv, tsis, li cas los xij, yeej ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv txoj cai qhov chaw, txog cov neeg, ua lub taub hau ntawm cov loj heev lub teb chaws.

Nag hmo - Kerensky, tam sim no - Lenin

Nyob rau hauv Russia, los ib lub sij hawm thaum ib tug exquisite thaj yeeb ua hauj lwm thiab kev hloov maj mam portraits ntawm cov poj niam tau ua sob, thiab Brodsky mus rau qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub keeb kwm yog los ntes cov neeg uas tau coj txoj kev. Tom qab lub Ob Hlis Ntuj kiv puag ncig tuaj ib lub sij hawm thaum freed los ntawm lub shackles ntawm monarchy Lavxias teb sab hnyav haiv neeg ris lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov prime minister ntawm lub Daim Ntawv tsoom fwv ntawm Kerensky, thiab cov artist paints nws portrait. Nws zoo nkaus li qub tus kws lij choj tus hero tiag, tau los hauv lub teb chaws mus rau ib tug tshiab lub yeeb koob. Txawm li cas los, cov artist tas cov portrait tom qab lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm lwm cov cim.

Brodsky yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj tsim ib tug picturesque duab ntawm Lenin thiab nws cov associates, thiab cov duab ntawm lub Bolshevik ntev ua ib qho tseem ceeb lub npe rau nws. Tom qab ntawd nws yog xav nyob rau hauv ntiaj teb no multi-daim duab compositions: "Lenin thiab manifestation" thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog - "Tsa Hauv Toj ntawm lub II Congress ntawm lub Comintern." Nyob rau hauv no enormous canvas qhia tau hais tias ob peb pua pua ntawm cov neeg tiag tiag uas portrait sketches tau ua. Brodsky tsom nws zoo heev txawj, nyob rau hauv tune nrog lub era thiab demanded nws yav tom ntej lub neej.

Artist, xib hwb, collector

Lub peb lub ntsiab yam txiav txim lub neej, uas los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub 20s nws nyob Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, neeg pleev kob №1 mus rau lub official tub ceev xwm, ua hauj lwm los tsim ib tug ua tiav iconography ntawm lub Soviet cov thawj coj, nrog ib tug infinite replication ntawm nws mas - Lenin thiab Stalin. Yuav kom pab tau raws li Chief ntawm lub xeev kev txiav txim, nws txawm nta hlo tag nrho pab tub rog ntawm workmen thiab feem ntau, xws li lub taub hau ntawm ib tug medieval khw painters, tsuas coj tau nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm me me kho thiab txo nws hwj nws kos npe.

Qhov thib ob qho tseem ceeb heev tshaj plaws yog mus rau revive lub kev kawm ntawv system of art kev kawm ntawv. Thaum nws los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Academy of Arts, nws yog ib tug puam tsuaj sab laug tom qab lub barbarous ua ub no ntawm cov neeg uas thoughtlessly tsis kam muab txojsia uas yav tag los thiab kev rhuav tseg cov ntsuj plig ntawm nws, thiab cov khoom foundation kopivshiysya decades. Brodsky nqis nyob rau hauv lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm no lub tuam tsev ntawm cov kos duab yog ib qhov nyuaj los tsis kam.

Qhov thib peb feem ntawm nws lub neej - sau - nws yog ib tug mob siab rau tiag. Cov connoisseurs ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm muaj tsis muaj zoo dua cov kws muaj txuj tshaj Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, yees duab loj loj tsev interiors uas qhia cov phab ntsa dai nrog paintings los ntawm hauv pem teb rau qab nthab, ua ib tug sau, ob nyob rau hauv volume thiab tus nqi tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej. Qhov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv uas nws yog enriched, shrouded nyob rau hauv paub tsis meej, tab sis qhov tseeb ntawm yuav ntawm nws cov tsoom fwv Brodsky hu tsa vim hais tias ntawm tog thiab KGB siab.

Txhua yam nws muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev

Nws yog hais tias, thaum Brodsky caw kuv mus rau ib tug lavish noj hmo Pavel Filonov, deprived ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, mercilessly tsim txom los ntawm kev thuam thiab txoj cai, cov neeg pluag thiab tshaib plab, nws tsis tau twv kom mus - ntshai lwj biography. Nws los ua ib qho chaw khuam lub koob npe nrov "liab gentleman", uas nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "Yuav ua li cas yuav koj nyiam?", Uas muaj nyob nrog Brodsky ntxias.

Siv ib zaug xwb, dub los yog dawb, cov xim muaj hlau los piav txoj kev ntawm lub neej ntawm tej tug txiv neej - txhais tau tias yuav ua rau nws tiaj tus thiab unequivocal. Isaak Brodsky tsis tsim nyog no, vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov cuab txuj ci, zog ua hauj lwm thiab lub zog.