Cov artist Karl Bryullov: biography, tus kheej lub neej, ua hauj lwm

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov (1799 - 1852) - Velikiy Karl - yog li ntawd txawm thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej twb hu ua cov neeg pleev lub contemporaries. Nws lub npe yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug par nrog lub npe ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws portrait painters ntawm Flanders. Thiab huab tais Nicholas kuv tuaj mus rau xws admiration los ntawm ib tug ntawm nws tej hauj lwm, uas tso cai rau nws ib tug nplhaib nrog ib tug pob zeb diamond.

Fabkis txoj keeb kwm

SUPERVISION ntxias Bryullo tsev neeg yog raws roj ntsha los: nws tus yawg koob, yawg thiab leej txiv - tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv qhov kev muaj ntxias. Leej Txiv, academician thiab xib fwb, yog tus thawj xib fwb ntawm lawv cov me nyuam. Leej niam ntawm tus yav tom ntej cov neeg pleev kob yog nws lub npe hluas nkauj Schröder, los ntawm ib tug Russified German tsev neeg.

Xyoo ntawm txoj kev tshawb (1809 - 1821)

Rau kaum ob xyoos nws kawm nyob rau Academy Karl Bryullov. Biography ntawm nws nyob rau hauv xyoo no, ua tsaug rau cov txuj ci ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb thiab kev loj tsev txoj kev tshawb no, hloov zuj zuj ntau tshaj zoo: nws sawv tawm ntawm classmates. Kev kawm ntawv raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm classicism. Cov kab sab ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, tam sim no poob, yog khov kho. Los yog nqus nyob ua qauv tuaj tom qab ib tug series ntawm ntev theem ntawm kev kawm: luam tseem (tseem lifes thiab daim duab compositions), Yog nqus ntawm plaster casts, ces - mannequins draped nyob rau hauv "ib tug neeg".

Karl lossi taug kev nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg. Cov tub hluas ntxhais txiv neej tiag tiag hlub classicism, uas twb subordinated mus rau lub tiag tiag zoo tagnrho, qhov twg tsis muaj chaw nyob tsis tau thiab muaj num ntau lub ntiaj teb no. Tab sis nyob lub neej rau nws nom tswv passions thiab cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm nyob xwm tau invaded lub ntiaj teb no ntawm ib tug idealist. Thiab nyob rau hauv nws thawj thawj zaj duab xis "Narcissus" (1819) nws sab laug rau lub zwj ceeb lub moj khaum uas tau raug teem los ntawm lub Academy. Thiab rau qhov sib txeeb daim duab uas nws ua nyob rau hauv raws li nrog tag nrho cov canons, Bryullov tau txais ib tug kub puav pheej.

Txawv tebchaws mus rau Ltalis

Tsis ntev los no tsim Society rau lub txhawb ntawm Artists xa ob tug kwv tij, Charles thiab Alexander, nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos. Ntawm no yog ib tug portrait ntawm Aleksandra Bryullova thaum lub sij hawm cov xyoo. Nws yog tsis tsuas zoo nkauj, tab sis muaj ib tug muaj peev xwm rau kev kos thiab architecture. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws ua ib lub tsev ntawm lub Pulkovo Observatory thiab tshaj. Qhov no thawj zaug mus ib lub teb chaws nyob qhov twg rau tag nrho cov huab cua noo nrog kos duab thiab kev zoo nkauj, yuav mus cia nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig kwv tij. Thaum lub sij hawm no, daws teeb meem ntawm huab tais Russified lawv lub npe thiab tam sim no yuav Bryullo thiab masterpieces. Nyob rau hauv lub meantime, nyob rau hauv txoj kev, Karl Bryullov, biography uas muab nws ib tug lub rooj sib tham nrog Gothic art, thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm Titian, xav tsis thoob li thiab admires lawv. Tab sis maj mam lub tswv yim ntawm Romanticism, uas Lavxias teb sab yog tseem tsis tau paub tias, pib txhawj txog nws.

Florence thiab thaum kawg Rome kiag li stunned thiab ntxim tus hluas artist. Saum toj no tag nrho, nws yog admired los Raphael thiab Leonardo, tab sis kuj sau hais tias qhov unrest nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nws ripens liberation zog. Txoj kev ywj pheej - hais tias yog dab tsi attracts tag nrho cov neeg ntawm lub teb chaws. Tsis yog tus twg ib daim duab ntawm lub sij hawm no Bryullov yuav tsis tag - nyob rau hauv lub taub hau tsis haum mus rau hauv ib tug coherent system ntawm txhua yam uas nws pom. Tab sis ua txog 120 portraits. Tag nrho nws cov qauv, tsis muaj kev zam, zoo nkauj. Piv txwv li, lub "Portrait ntawm EP Gagarina tub Eugene, Leo thiab ua The-aufiluas "(1824). Twb tau nyob rau no thaum ntxov ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau pom thiab lub ci ntsa iab Colorist txiaj ntsim thiab kev txawj, uas tau muab nws lub Academy. Qhov no intimate tsev neeg portrait ntawm lub tsev neeg uas cov artist yog ib tug phooj ywg, tam sim ntawd arouses pab koj tu siab. Thaum lub sij hawm cov xyoo, ua ib tug nrov cov neeg pleev kob, uas tau txais ntau kev txiav txim, Karl Bryullov, uas nws biography ua ib tug tshiab lem, so nrog lub Society rau lub txhawb ntawm nyuab thiab pib sau kev kawm tus kheej. Nws yog kev ywj siab xaiv lub sij hawm, nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib yam khoom tshiab thiab muab muag xwb. Masterpieces ua ywj siab.

Tsim portrait (1832)

Qhov no luag portrait-painting, uas depicts lub Giovannini thiab Amatsiliyu Pachchini. Nws yog lub npe hu ua lub painting "Rider". Cov Italians tam sim ntawd pib tham txog ib tug hluas Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob. Zoo siab Italian critics tau touted nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis tag nrho - lub virtuosity uas nws yog sau, ilv thiab cov nplua nuj palette. Lawv raug ntaus los ntawm lub ntuj txoj kev tshav ntuj ntawm taw thiab postures, yas perfection. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv ntseeg hais tias cov painting "Rider" yog cim ntse heev. Movement qauv rau ib tug dub nees swift, tab sis lawv yog balanced thiab solemn ua tsaug rau lub compositional qauv. Daim duab Giovannini, confidently zaum nyob rau hauv ib tug sidesaddle, yog tus tsom xam ntawm cov artist uas ntxim nws regal grandeur, muaj peev xwm tiv nrog restive nees uas yuav tsis tau txais dua nws tom qab ib tug taug kev thiab tau txais mus rau ntawm nws hind ob txhais ceg. Uab lag satin nees thiab ib tug dawb ntxuav tiab cua qauv, uas nteg cia elegant pleats, contrasting. Maj thiab siab tawv khaub ncaws xim Giovannini thiab Amalitsii tias nyob rau lub sam thiaj nrog admiration raws li graceful rider.

Cov tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no yog zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv lub tswv txhuam. Me Amalitsiya tsim los teem tawm nws tus kheej-tswj thiab calm tus nees muam. Amalitsiya saib cov zoo kawg li Amazon trustingly, ua tib zoo, nyob rau hauv kev xav tsis thoob. Ob tug me me dev kuj tau ntsib ib tug ntxhais uas caij. Nyob rau shaggy doggie dab tshos nrog lub inscription "Samoilova", sau nyob rau hauv Latin. Lub povhaum ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, nws siab tawv hlub thiab kev cog qoob loo peb pom nyob rau hauv no portrait. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis tau muab tom ntej no mus rau ib tug portrait ntawm zakazschitsy Y. Samoilova, uas yeej ib txwm tshwm sim cov neeg pleev. Nws yog amazing thiab tsim nyog ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws qhuas Bryullova kev txawj.

keeb kwm daim duab

Nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov creation ntawm portraits, watercolors, me me Italian ua hauj lwm Bryullov Karl, uas nws ua hauj lwm muab cov ntsiab ntawm classical, baroque thiab realism, xeeb tub nyob rau hauv 1827 ib tug loj, neeg pej xeem nrog keeb kwm painting thiab nyob rau hauv thaum xyoo 1830 pib siv nws. Qhov tseeb yog, lub artist mus xyuas lub excavations nyob rau hauv Pompeii. Nws kuj xav tsis thoob los ntawm raws li qhov uas qhov seem ntawm tus ancient nroog fwm. Pompeii yog ciaj sia, twb tsis muaj xwb cov neeg muag khoom nyob rau hauv lub khw, cov neeg uas mus txog lawv ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv txoj kev, so tsev los yog zaum nyob rau hauv pubs.

Lub tswv yim ntawm cov painting "Lub Kawg ntawm Pompeii" Bryullov Karl daug lawm peb lub xyoos. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws tau nyeem ib tug ntau ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv los ua pov thawj. Loog ntawm Romanticism, uas yog tam sim no uas muaj cov artist, cov ntseeg uas cog noob. Yuav kom ib co raws li nws tau cuam tshuam thiab phooj ywg nrog cov composer Pachchini, uas tau sau opera "Lub Kawg ntawm Pompeii." Bryullov Karl hnov nws, thiab nws kuj tseem tau nthuav nws cov khoom noj rau kev xav thiab tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws twb idolized Raphael twb inspired los ntawm nws multi-daim duab xeeb tub nyob rau hauv lub Vatican. Yas ntawm nws cim, lub atherosclerosis ntawm lub koom haum ntawm lub zog thiab ntau yam gestures - ib lub tsev kawm ntawm Raphael. Txawm li cas los, cov xim uas nws yuav siv, cov neeg pleev podcherpnet nyob rau hauv lub richness ntawm cov xim ntawm Titian. Nws ua ib tug tshwj xeeb ntawm cov poj niam - muaj zog, tawv, passionate thiab unusually zoo nkauj. Nws muse yog tus Countess Samoilova Yu, uas nws tsos rau hauv lub daim duab nws sau peb lub sij hawm.

kev puas tsuaj hnub

Lub greatness ntawm lub fateful lub caij ntawm reflected nyob rau hauv cov canvas. Qhov no kawg txaus ntshai dub-liab hnub. Nws yog tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv cov nplaim taws ntawm hluav taws, dov nyob rau hauv ntoo av tshauv dub, rattled tsev cev qhuav dej, quaj rau kev pab kev huam yuaj rushing neeg hais tias lawv gods yog tsis xa mus tiv thaiv. Yog lawv tus kheej lawv gods poob, tsis tau los ua tim qhov kev chim ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab lub raging roob hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv lub foreground, ib leej niam puag ob tug ntxhais thiab yog ntshai hais tias tus tiv thaiv ntawm tsis pom qhov twg tos ntev. Lawv gods tsaus muag. Ze cov tub uas muaj hnub nyoog txiv, thiab tus tub tau poob txhawb nkauj nyab. Ces tus ntshai nees tsis xav mloog nws rider. Txhua yam yog nyob rau hauv turbulent tsab ntawv tsa suab. Tsuas yog ib tug artist twj ywm. Nws xav kom mus ib txhis nco ntsoov cov xim thiab taw. Creator - tim khawv, nyob rau hauv uas nws nco yuav nyob twj ywm ntshav kawg ntawm lub hmo ntuj.

Nuj nqis cia li sculpted. Tsis tau tsis muaj ib tug ntseeg hais tias qhov no yog lawv lub xeem fateful lub sij hawm. Tab sis auspicious gods hu ua no rau lawv siab, eerie pom. Cov neeg haus dej haus ib tug tag nrho khob ntawm kev txom nyem uas lawv raug xa mus. Masterpieces hnav nyob rau hauv lub classic daim ntawv ntawm txoj kev xav tej los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv daim duab. Tag nrho ntxoov sentiments qhia los ntawm cov artist - nws yog dawb huv Romanticism.

Kev vam meej nyob rau hauv ltalis yog unusually loj. Tab sis Paris tsis txaus siab rau qhov kev ua hauj lwm, tab sis Russia tau ntsib nrog ya xim daim duab no. Nws teb thiab Pushkin thiab E. Baratynsky. Gogol, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Belinsky, Kiichelbecker - tag nrho cov heev txaus siab rau no ua hauj lwm. Thiab lub exhibition mus rau cov neeg - lub townspeople, artisans, craftsmen, tub txawj tub ntse. Thiab huab tais Nicholas kuv rau ib tug tus kheej cov neeg tuaj saib, yuav tsum tau muaj tom qab, cov neeg pleev lub taub hau crown ntawm laurel wreath.

Homecoming

Tom qab tsim zoo kawg li paintings ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm huab tais Nicholas kuv, tus artist Karl Bryullov, mus xyuas tim Nkij teb chaws, Konstantinopl thiab Moscow, nws rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg. Tab sis txoj kev nws poob mob, thiab rov qab los ntawm dragged nyob rau yuav luag peb xyoos. Txoj kev lub artist ua hauj lwm. Yog li ntawd nws sau nyob rau hauv ib tug 1835 portrait ntawm lub vice-Admiral VA Kornilov, lub neej yav tom ntej hero ntawm lub Crimean ua tsov ua rog. Bryullov muaj peev xwm xav tias qhov xwm ntawm lawv cov qauv. Tam sim no nws instinctively xaiv tus heroic neeg. Xijpeem, nyob rau hauv Moscow nws yog nyob rau hauv 1835. Muaj nws ua nws tus kheej acquaintance nrog AS Pushkin thiab V. Tropinin, peb zoo heev portraitist, uas tuaj tawm ntawm lub fortress. Ob tug ntxias menyuam lwm tus txoj kev txawj ntse thiab kev muaj zog cov phooj ywg.

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg (1836 - 1849)

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws tau qhia thaum lub Academy thiab sau ntau portraits. Peb paub nws tej hauj lwm NV Puppeteer, VA Zhukovsky, IA Krylov - tag nrho lub contemporaries Karla Bryullova. Lawv portraits cov artist sau. Puas illustrations rau "Svetlana" VA Zhukovsky. Loj keeb kwm paintings tsis tsim ntau Bryullov Karl. Ua hauj lwm thiab achievements ntawm lub xeem lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm portraiture. Nestor Kukolnik - ib tug txiv neej uas tus artist hlub thiab suav hais tias nws ib tug nyob ze cov phooj ywg, txawm nyob rau hauv lub portrait tsis qhia nws zoo tshaj plaws zoo li tsaug cov artist yuav tsum tau saib mus rau nws puab ntiaj teb no. Nws qauv yog woven ntawm contradictions thiab reflections. Romantic masterpieces pauv mus rau hom ntaub khov heev lub ntuj kaaj quas lug ntawm kev tsis ntseeg thiab disillusionment - lub zeitgeist. Lub neej-lees nyiaj so koobtsheej Bryullova ploj mus. Nyob rau hauv lub portrait, peb pom hais tias nws yog ib qhov nyuaj rau kev nyob rau hauv cov lus, nws yog contradictory, uas yog xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv qhov xwm heev ntawm lub puppeteer. Nws thiab shyness, thiab swagger, thiab ib co cynicism. Tus qauv zoo ncaj qha mus rau tus tuav, tab sis lub cev yog bent nyob rau hauv lub ceeb thawj ntawm lub stagnation. Lub neej kaw nws phab ntsa. Muaj pes tsawg leeg twj ywm, tsuas yog tus neeg uas ua ntawv yuav ua rau dynamic teeb reflexes thiab nro.

sib yuav

Nyob rau hauv 1838, Karl Pavlovich Bryullov tau ntsib thiab ib xyoos tom qab sib yuav Emily Timm. Ib lub hlis tom qab ntawd tus txha lub neej ntawm cov txij nkawm twb tsis tau. Raws li los ntawm ib tug ntev sib nrauj sib hais plaub ntug. Karl Bryullov, uas nws biography yog li ntawd sharply fluctuated, twb tso tseg los ntawm lub zej zog. Yam nplij yus siab rau nws twb ntsib Yuliey Samoylovoy, uas los ntawm ltalis nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob uas muaj feem rau qub txeeg qub teg. Rau nws tus kheej, nws sau nws ib tug formal portrait. Dua nws pom qhov zoo tagnrho poj niam, tsim nyog ntawm ib qho chaw rau lub sam thiaj. Karl Pavlovich Bryullov dua reviving, hu nkauj ib tug zoo neeg. Lub hwj chim ntawm tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub Countess tshwm thiab lwm monumental txhua thiab draperies, feem ntau molded daim Samoilova, uas zoo nkaus li ua ntej cov neeg tuaj saib, zoo li ib tug zoo nkauj antique duab puab. Cov artist dua ib zaug pom ib tug zoo nkauj thiab sab ntsuj plig hwj chim. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm masquerade Samoilova poob lub npog ncauj thiab tsom lub ntiaj teb no ib tug dawb neeg.

Karl Bryullov: ib tug self-portrait (1848)

Ua hauj lwm rau lub paintings ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral, uas yog tseem nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, Bryullov mob heev. Nws tau txais rheumatism, uas tau muab rau lub plawv mob. Nws twb muab txaj so thiab ib tug ua tiav tas. Kev sib txuas lus tau txo kom tsawg li tsawg tau - nws twb tau mus xyuas xwb los cov kws kho mob. Thiab tam sim no, ib tug nruab nrab-hnub nyoog cov neeg pleev kob, nws tsis ntev tsib caug, tom qab ib qho kev mob nkeeg, thaum nws Otlezhal ib leeg ntau tshaj rau lub hlis, saib nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim iav nrog ib tug ntsim chim siab. Nws yog tsis muaj zog, nws hais tias nws so hwj tau lub cev, txhais caj npab, nyob rau hauv uas cov leeg su, dai txawj. Tab sis tus so yog tsis nyob ntawm no. Cov painting qhaub mus lub neej. Pob muag yog txo, creases thiab wrinkles nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yeeb yam ua hauj lwm exacerbations xav. Cov nom tswv kev hloov uas tau cuam tshuam rau lub teb chaws, lawv yog uas ploj lawm, thiab cov artist, koj puas xav tias nws mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm txoj kev. Nws yog infinitely nkees ntawm no noble thiab high-minded neeg. High zog ntawm nws tus ntsuj plig, nws yog yuam kom siab mos siab muag. Tag nrho cov siab reflected nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej-portrait. Nws pom nyob rau hauv daim iav, tsis tsuas rau nws tus kheej, tab sis tag nrho nws tiam.

Creativity Karl Briullov

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej (1849 - 1852) nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim pom zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob Brullov tuav txawv teb chaws. Nws twb kho rau cov kob ntawm Madeira, thiab ces tsiv mus rau Ltalis. Nws nyob hauv ib tsev neeg associate Garibaldi. Lub tswv yim ntawm cov tawm tsam rau txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov artist khaws. Nws dua, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, ib tug ntau ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Academic canons sidelined. Tej yam txaus siab, rhuav lub teb chaws, tau qhia nyob rau hauv lub portrait ntawm Juliette Tittoni, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv armor. Qhov no Italyanskaya Zhanna ntawm Arc.

Cov artist tsim ib tug gallery ntawm cov dluab ntawm sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv ltalis. Nws regained txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej thiab lawv lub dag lub zog. Tab sis nws tej zaum yuav tsis paub yuav ua li cas me ntsis lub sij hawm nws yog tso tawm. Tom qab mus ib txoj kev uas ntev rau luag academicism nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas los mus mus rau ib tug romantic xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab kev xyiv fab chanting ntawm kev zoo nkauj, thiab nyob rau hauv xyoo tom ntej, nce lub realism, Karl Bryullov, nyob rau hauv luv luv, ua rau Lavxias teb sab kos duab extraordinarily siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm portraiture, nws tsis tau qhia lawv muaj tswv yim tej zaum.

Nws tsis kam rau lub plawv, thiab nws tau tuag nyob rau hauv lub hmo ntuj txhaws qa. Lavxias teb sab ntse heev faus nyob rau hauv ltalis, nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos nyob ze lub nroog Loos, nyob rau hauv lub Protestant toj ntxas. Nyob rau hauv no 1852, Zog ntawm Guj kuj poob VA Zhukovsky, NV Gogol, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus menyuam kawm ntawv Bryullova Fedotov.

Thaum twg ua tau, hauv tsab xov xwm no qhia txog lub paintings Karla Bryullova. Nws tsim yaam tshab hais lus rau peb kaj siab thiab siv tau lus. Sau ib lub ntiaj teb uas tsim los ntawm ib tug neeg pleev kob, thiab enchant koj hlub thiab kev zoo nkauj, uas qhuas tus tswv.