Folk riddles rau cov me nyuam. Lavxias teb sab pej xeem riddles

Rau lub qhov rais 21, tab sis koj muaj peev xwm tseem hnov neeg tshaj tawm rau txhua lwm yam nrog rau kev pab los ntawm pej xeem cov kev txawj ntse, uas muaj ib tug ntev li keeb kwm. "Mus ceev ua pov tseg" - thiaj li lawv hais bustler. "Thiab lub qub poj niam yog proruha" - yog li nplij nws lub siab cov neeg uas ua tsis tau tejyam.

Paj Lug, sayings, riddles - ib tug legacy uas yog kis tau ntawm ncauj hnub no thaum sib txuas lus thiab nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv phau ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv kawm. Thiab yog li ntawd nws yuav ua tau raws li ntev raws li ciaj sia lus thiab nws hais lus.

Lub uniqueness ntawm lub puzzle

Riddle - ib yam ntawm cov phenomenon ntawm kev hais lus, lub ntsiab kev taw qhia uas - nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm similes thiab metaphors yuav ua rau tus tib neeg lub hlwb xav thiab ua hauj lwm imaginatively. Nws muaj lub hwj chim soj, tsim nyog thaum nyeem ntawv nrog lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov me nyuam, thiab khaws cov clarity ntawm lub siab nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus.

Nws tsis yog lub npe hu raws nraim thaum lub puzzle nyob. Qhov no pej xeem ib hom ntawv nyeem yog tseem siv rau kev kawm thiab kev kawm ntawv ntawm cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv kindergartens thiab nyob ntaub ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, thiab yog li ntawd nws muaj feem rau ntawm lub zog ntawm cov hluas lub hlwb yog tib yam li thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thaum nws yog ib tug ua kom yuam kev lo lus nug nug cov neeg mus Sphinx.

Niaj hnub nimno psychologists hais tias sau ntawv los yog guessing riddles muaj nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam daim duab ntawm kev hais lus thiab lub tswv yim. Cov cuab yeej ntawm no me me lus dab neeg ntaub ntawv taw tes rau ib yam khoom nrog ib tug daim ntawv teev cov zoo ntawm lawv cov zoo sib xws los yog sib txawv uas yog tshwj xeeb rau nws, yuam cov me nyuam xav txog cov kev sib txuas ntawm phenomena nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tiag.

Nrhiav ib lo lus teb rau cov kev txhiaj txhais muaj lub peev xwm mus rau:

• ua rau lawv tus kheej cov lus xaus thiab rau kev tsom xam;
• nthuav kev txawj ntse ntawm kev muaj tiag;
• txhim kho kev nco;
• tsim kev hais lus thiab lub tswv yim.

Folk riddles qhia rau cov me nyuam tag nrho tob ntawm txoj kev txawj ntse ntawm lawv cov pog koob yawg koob thiab kawm kom txaus siab rau lawv ua hauj lwm.

Ib zaj dab neeg los ntawm ancient sij hawm

Raws li nws muab tawm, lub learn nyob rau hauv ancient lub sij hawm yog ib tug zoo cuab tam rau lub siab xeem kom loj hlob. Lawv tau siv los ntawm cov pov thawj nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt, nrog lawv cov kev pab paub txog qhov tseeb heroes nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, lawv tsis dhau thiab Slavic lig kev cai.

Tsis hais txog ntawm cov theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej, cov neeg uas nyob rau txawv continents thiab nyob rau hauv txawv hnub nyoog, tsim learn yog heev uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus. Qhov no qhia hais tias cov neeg ntawm txhua lub sij hawm zoo saib lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv thiab muab piv cov phenomenon tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws.

Folk riddles - ib tug tag nrho txheej ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub kab lis kev cai thiab kev ntseeg ntawm noob neej. Piv txwv li, mus txog rau tam sim no kuv tau mus txog ib qho ntawm cov lus nug ntawm cov Sphinx txog leej twg mus taug kev nyob rau hauv plaub ceg nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov, nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su nyob rau hauv - ob tug, thiab thaum hnub poob - nyob rau hauv peb. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws tua ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg ua mus twv nws.

Kev siv cov riddles

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, cov neeg feem ntau siv allegory nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej, lawv tsev neeg thiab tej tsiaj nyeg los ntawm lub siab phem lub qhov muag. Neeg yos hav zoov, mus rau hauv lub hav zoov rau kev ua si, siv daim card cov lus ntawm riddles uas raug iab liam tias "trophies" nyob rau hauv ua ntej tsis hnov lawv cov kev npaj thiab tsis tau ploj mus rau lwm thaj av.

Traders, jesters thiab buffoons nquag siv learn nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov ntsujplig phem. Lavxias teb sab pej xeem riddles, piv txwv li, twb thaum ub xeem txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov tub rog lub sij hawm warriors thiab kev thaj yeeb - nraug vauv thiab cov tub hluas.

Nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ancient Germans thiab Scandinavians, muaj pov thawj hais tias muaj yog ib tug kev cai: cov traveler yuav tau hmo ntuj, tsuas yog mus twv ib tug kev txhiaj txhais. Cov ancient Slavs tau tshwj xeeb yav tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv lub teb. Cov tag nrho lub zos sib sau nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws lub tsev pheeb suab, cov poj niam spun thiab needlework, cov txiv neej kho cov cuab yeej thiab cov laus tej me nyuam thiab cov hluas rau ingenuity.

Thaum yaam kws tau nug learn (Lavxias teb sab neeg), nrog cov lus teb lawv yog los ntawm koj lem. Yeej lub feem ntau ntse thiab tej kev cai no. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, paub qab hau kev txwj quas laug txhawb tau cov hluas minds tsim, yuav yam ub yam no thiab tshawb lub ntiaj teb no.

Txog thaum lub caij puv 19 xyoo pua nws yog cov kev cai, thaum lub Bridesmaids yuav tsis cia nws poj niam thiab nws attendants kom txog thaum lawv twv tag nrho cov learn ua rau lawv. Niaj hnub no cov pej xeem ib hom ntawv nyeem muaj kev koom siv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tswv yim, nco thiab soj nyob rau hauv preschool thiab thaum ntxov lub tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj hnub nyoog.

paj lug

Niaj hnub no paj lug dab neeg keeb kwm xav tshwj tsis yog tias linguists thiab kev cai kws txawj, txawm tias lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv nws kev hais lus, yuav luag tag nrho, tsis txawm looj koov mus nrhiav tau tawm yog dab tsi qhov ua rau ntawm lawv cov tsos. Thiab nws hloov tawm hais tias lub hauv paus ntawm feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov qhob keeb kwm tseeb los yog sib sib zog nqus kev soj xyuas tus neeg, nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev nws lub tswv yim los tiam mus rau tiam.

Cov paj lug - tib yam luv luv allegorical txawj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov puzzle, tab sis nrog ib tug qhia lub ntsiab lus. Feem ntau nws muaj sib dhos, tab sis lub ib thooj ntawm nws load - ib tug hluas tiam ntawm cov kev kawm thiab cov kev hloov ntawm nws lub neej kev. Piv txwv li, lub "qaib ua ntej lawv daug lawm," hais tias ib tug neeg pib tej lag luam, nws yog ntxov ntxov laij cov nyiaj los yog cov nyiaj poob haujlwm nws yuav tau txais los ntawm nws.

Paj Lug thiab riddles twb txoj kev tshawb no cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv uas loj hlob thiab tsim ntau tiam ntawm cov me nyuam.

sayings

Qhov no yog lwm hom me me phau ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm tej qhov tseeb los yog phenomenon. Cov hais tias muaj tsis muaj ua kom tiav kev txiav txim zoo, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm nws qab tso rau hauv nws. Piv txwv li, thaum cov kab lus hais txog qhov ua kom tiav ntawm cov lus cog tseg, ntau zaus siv cov lus "thaum lub cancer ntawm Mount svisnet", implying hais tias ib tug txiv neej ntawm nws lo lus tsis tuav.

Cov paj lug yeej tsis qhia. Nws muaj nuj nqi - hloov nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus nrog ib tug ntau kev thiab leej qhia. Koj muaj peev xwm, rau Piv txwv li, hais tias "nws yog qaug dej qaug cawv", tab sis cov kab lus "nws tsis khi bast" zoo conveys lub degree ntawm intoxication.

Yuav ua li cas txhais tau lub tswvyim ntawm paj lug V. I. Dal, yog "ib tug paj lug qhia, devious hais lus, dhau kev txiav txim rau lub phenomenon los yog yam khoom."

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm paj lug thiab sayings

Zoo li riddles, paj lug thiab sayings - qhov tshwm sim ntawm centuries ntawm kev ntawm ntau tus neeg. Lawv tsim tau pib nrog lub rov tshwm sim ntawm cov lus. Piv txwv li, hais txog tus thawj Lavxias teb sab paj lug hais rau hauv lub "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo" Nestor lub Chronicler. Nws tseem ua hauj lwm nrog cov tsim ntawm Kievan Rus los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm creation ntawm lub ntiaj teb no mus txog 1117 BC. e.

Piv txwv li, muaj cov nram qab no kab: "Thiab muaj ib tug hais tias nyob rau hauv Russia hnub no - tuag lawm raws li ib tug obry". Nws yog hais txog yuav ua li cas cov pab pawg neeg Dulebs puas tsim txom lawv obrov: "Tsis muaj lawv tej nuj nqis pawg neeg los yog cov xeeb ntxwv." Qhov no paj lug yog siv thaum nws tuaj rau tus tuag ntawm ib tug tag nrho tsev neeg.

Txawm nyob rau hauv lub 9 xyoo pua nyob rau hauv Kievan Rus siv cov kev qhia, originating nyob rau hauv pagan Slavic lub sij hawm los yog kis cov lus qhia txog keeb kwm cov txheej xwm thiab lawv cov neeg cov neeg, uas yog zoo dua lub npe hu niaj hnub no. Piv txwv li, hais tias "niam phuam ntiaj teb" (lwm haiv neeg tshwm sim qhov), hais tias "tus hma tau txais mus rau hauv tus cwj pwm yaj yaj, nws yuav ua kom tag nrho cov yaj" (li ntawd, yuav hais lus drevlyans ntawm tub huabtais Igor, hodivshem rau nws ib tug ob peb lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog).

Muaj ntau paj lug tau piled nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm serfdom, nws yog tam sim no poob nws cov thawj cov ntsiab lus, tab sis tau txais ib tug tshiab lub ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, "Ntawm no yog rau koj, Grandma, thiab St. George hnub!" Lawv hais tias, thaum cov miv nyuas yog tsis tau ntsib. Tus nqi yog due rau lub fact tias muaj ib hnub ntawm lub xyoo (St. George), ib tug serf twb tso cai rau mus rau lwm tus tswv. By cai Borisa Godunova txoj cai no twb abolished, thiab tag nrho cov Fortified entrenched qab lawv fwjchim luj kawg nkaus.

Qhov no tsiaj ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, xws li puzzles, ib tug ntau ntawm tej yam uas muaj feem rau yuav luag txhua yam tshwm sim thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm tib neeg lub neej.

Ntxhais thiab hom ntawm pej xeem cov riddles

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem riddles hnub no muaj peev xwm yuav txwv kom muab zais rau hauv ob peb hom. Cov muaj xws li:

• allegory - "Rau tsaus zoov ob kuab seev cev" (tsej).
• Hauj lwm - "nws tus kheej rau ib nti, thiab lub taub hau nrog ib lub lauj kaub" (samovar).
• lo lus nug - "Yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tag nrho cov sweeter?" (npau suav).
• tso dag - "Yuav ua li cas yog cov kob hais lus txog nws loj" (Yamal).
• nrog cov zauv - "6 feet, 2 hau thiab 1 tus Tsov tus tw" (nyob rau nees).

Riddles neeg yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv lub ntsiab lus nram qab:

• "Txiv neej";
• "Ntuj phenomenon";
• "Lub tsev, tsev";
• "Tsiaj qus thiab tsiaj nyeg";
• "Yard";
• "Kab";
• "Vaj, chav ua noj vaj";
• "Hav dej dej";
• "Hav zoov";
• "Field, tiaj nyom";
• "Profession, ua hauj lwm";
• "Noog";
• "Fairy taleas cim";
• "Ntuj".

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov neeg tej zaum yuav ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj lawv tus kheej puzzles, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe paub sau collections, numbering 1,000 xyoo. Qhov no yeej yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob txawj lwm yam.

Learn rau cov me nyuam txog cov xwm

Cov feem nrov Lavxias teb sab pej xeem riddles rau cov me nyuam muaj nplooj siab mus rau qhov thiab txiv neej. Qhov no yog to taub, vim hais tias cov neeg tau ntev saib raws li cov neeg nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv, thiab paub yuav ua li cas rau kev tsom xam ob phenomena tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm lwm tus neeg.

Ntau laus neeg nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub yog los qhia rau cov hluas tiam ntawm worldly txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub cuab tam rau tshaj tib neeg lub learn rau cov me nyuam, nws tsis yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm. Intuitively, cov neeg pom tau hais: muab cov me nyuam lub siab tsis yooj yim paub tab, yog li lawv ua rau lawv yuav tsum tau tej kev cai no thiab miv. Nws tsim muaj tswv yim kev xav, thiab cov me nyuam yog zoo penetrated rau hauv lub essence ntawm tej yam ntuj tso phenomena. Piv txwv li:

• "Lub gray-haired yawg ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm tag nrho cov qhov muag Zavoloka" - qhia cov xim ntawm pos huab.
• "Multi-coloured rocker dai rau saum tus dej" - thim xim rau cov duab ntawm ib tug zaj sawv.

• "Txawm hais tias cov daus thiab cov dej khov, thiab thaum nws mus tam sim ntawd, kua muag pouring" (lub caij ntuj no) - daus yaj nab kuab thiab cov khoom ntiag tug.

Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, cov neeg laus qhia cov me nyuam them sai sai mus rau lub zoo ntawm txhua tus neeg tshwm sim thiab tuab nws.

Learn rau cov me nyuam ntawm cov neeg

Soj kuj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib ncig Lavxias teb sab neeg. Yog nqus tau inferences los ntawm txhua hnub lub sijhawm, peb cov pog koob yawg koob tsim lub nrov puzzle. Nrog cov lus teb tom qab ntawd lawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam lub collections los ntawm kis tus kab mob rau hauv lub txhab ntawm tiam, los ntawm ntau qhov chaw hauv lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws.

Learn nplooj siab rau cov neeg muaj kev txhawj xeeb lawv cov tsos thiab mob, thiab txoj kev ua neej. Piv txwv li:

• "Tus koj, thiab cov neeg txaus siab rau lawv" (tus neeg lub npe).
• "Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov zaub mov feem ntau yuav tsum tau?" (Ncauj).

• "Yuav ua li cas koj xav - koj muaj peev xwm tsis yuav dab tsi yog tsis tsim nyog, nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus muag" (a heev, tab sis yog tsis muaj nyiaj nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas lub siab nyiam, thiab muaj tsis muaj muaj siab rau cov laus uas muaj hnub nyoog).

Yog li ntawd cov laus tiam ntawm cov me nyuam muaj npe kawm nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub paub lawv tus kheej thiab lawv yog leejtwg tiag. Niaj hnub no, hauv phau ntawv "Mysteries ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg» (cov lus teb) yog tsis muaj tsawg nrov nrog cov me nyuam tshaj li lub qhov ncauj kev lig kev cai ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub.

Riddles ntawm pej xeem tales

Fairy taleas - ib tug ntawm cov nyiam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pej xeem creativity nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Lawv admiration rau cov zajlus cim muab sawv mus rau lwm lub ntsiab lus - lub txhiaj txhais txog cov pej xeem tales. Niaj hnub no, koj yuav nrhiav tau cov kev xaiv, nplooj siab mus rau ob qho tib si Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws heroes muaj.

Lawv conventionally muab faib los ntawm lub hnub nyoog:

• Rau cov me nyuam - lub heroes ntawm fairy tales xws li "Lub tsev loj", "Gingerbread txiv neej" thiab lwm tus neeg. Piv txwv li: "Nyob rau hauv lub me me lub tsev teb, nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev tiv thaiv hav zoov dwellers thiab nyob ua ke: luav, hma liab, hma thiab norushka xwb lus qhia crushed ..." ( "Ntauwd").
• Rau cov laus dua cov me nyuam ntawm preschool thiab tsev kawm ntawv muaj hnub nyoog - cov heroes ntawm fairy tales "us-kuab", "Lub Daus leej", "Qav ntxhais fuabtais" thiab lwm tus neeg. Piv txwv li: "Tus ntxhais no yog ntshai ntawm lub hnub thiab cua sov, vim hais tias ntawm cov daus ua nws" (Daus leej).

Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv chaw zov me nyuam ib tug ntau ntawm mloog yog them rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tswv yim kev xav ntawm cov me nyuam, uas yog siv pej xeem riddles cov lus teb (rau cov me nyuam).

Folk khawv koob nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub

Judging los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tus me nyuam psychologists hais tej yam zoo rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm riddles kev xav thiab lub tswv yim, qhov no zoo ntawm pej xeem cov kos duab yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv coob. Niaj hnub no koj yuav nrhiav tau tsis tsuas cov neeg, tab sis kuj cov neeg sau txoj learn uas muaj ntau suited rau niaj hnub cov me nyuam thiab lawv cov conception ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab phau ntawv heroes. Piv txwv li, "Ib tug muaj roj txiv neej nyob rau lub ru tsev thiab ya saum toj no tag nrho nws" (Carlson).