Petr Arkadevich Stolypin: keeb kwm portrait nyob rau tom qab ntawm lub era

Petr Arkadevich Stolypin yog ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb cov nuj nqis ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm nyob rau hauv sawv ntawm lub monarchy. Nws lub neej tag nrho fij tseg rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm lub xeev. Nws yog tus tswv xeev nyob rau hauv ob qhov chaw, lub sab hauv kev txhawb pab thiab cov prime minister, thiab nws txiav txim siab hloov lub neej ntawm lab ntawm cov pej xeem.

Childhood thiab tiav hluas

Stolypin yug nyob rau hauv 1862. Nws yog ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug noble aristocratic tsev neeg. Poet Mikhail Lermontov yog nws ob nkauj muam nraug nus. Peter siv nws thaum yau thawj nyob rau hauv lub suburban qub txeeg qub tes, thiab ces nyob rau hauv Kovno xeev. Nws kawm nyob rau Vilna thiab Orel (nws tus txiv yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog thiab feem ntau hloov nws qhov chaw nyob).

Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Stolypin, ib tug keeb kwm portrait ntawm uas yuav tsis ua li cas tsis piav txog nws cov hluas, tau txais nyob rau St. Petersburg Imperial University nyob rau hauv physics thiab lej kws qhia ntawv.

kev vam meej hauj

Kaum peb xyoo (los ntawm 1889 mus 1902), tus tub hluas xwm nyob rau hauv Kovno, qhov twg nws yog ib tug koog tsev kawm ntawv Marshal ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg. Tom qab ntawd, nws los ua tswv xeev ntawm Grodno thiab Saratov. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub zos no ntawm lub Volga, Stolypin, uas yog ib tug keeb kwm portrait ntawm nws raws li ib tug dav hlau tua rog nrog cov kiv puag ncig, nws tau ntsib tus Lavxias teb sab-Japanese kev tsov kev rog thiab lub alarming 1905.

Nyob rau hauv Saratov, raws li zoo raws li thoob plaws hauv lub teb chaws, cuam tshuam tsoo tawm. Peter Arkadevich yog tau ntse ntxias kom zoo siab ib subordinate xeev. Ntawm no, cov ncha ntawm lub kiv puag ncig swept kuj tsis paub.

Minister ntawm lub sab hauv thiab lub Prime Minister

Stolypin txoj kev vam meej tau pom los ntawm cov huab tais. Nicholas tsa nws Minister ntawm lub sab hauv. Cov ncej no yog tsis zoo li cas nws twb ua npau suav Stolypin. Keeb kwm tom qab ntawm lub era portrait depicts nws raws li ib tug supporter ntawm lub qub kev txiav txim. Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm nws muab siab npuab lub monarchy, nws yuav tsis kam tus huab tais.

Ob peb lub hlis tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua prime minister. Keeb kwm portrait ntawm Peter Stolypin ua tsis tau tsis muaj ib tug mention ntawm nws tas mus li teeb meem nrog rau cov Duma. Socialists tsis pub kom dhau kev cai. Vim li no, ob tug ntawm cov Parliament tau yaj ua ntej ntawm lub sij hawm, thiab lub Prime Minister los ua odious neeg rau lub Liberals thiab lwm yam txheem.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus neeg yog ib tug keeb kwm portrait ntawm Stolypin? Nyob rau hauv luv luv, nws sim kom txuag tau tus qub system. Txawm li cas los, nws kuj muaj peev xwm hais nruab nrab. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob xeev nyob rau hauv lub koog tsev kawm ntawv sab laj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm Prime Minister pib lub limited autonomy ntawm Finland nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman.

Stolypin Petr Arkadevich (keeb kwm lub portrait yuav thaum xub thawj siab ib muag zoo li contradictory) yog ua tau heev zoo ib yam tus neeg thiab nws cov hom phiaj thiab tej ntsiab cai.

assassination

Stolypin tus tawv stance rau ntau yam teeb meem tau coj tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov nom tswv pej xeem kev thuam, tab sis kuj yog ib tug ncaj qha kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Nws yog heev 11 cov me nyuam (kuv xav tias qhov no daim duab yog piv rau cov xov tooj ntawm ua tsis tau tejyam neeg ua phem tawm tsam tawm tsam Alexander II).

Tus thawj nres rau ntawm lub Stolypin tshwm sim nyob rau ib lub sij hawm thaum nws yog tus tswv xeev ntawm Saratov. Txawm li cas los, qhov no los yog tsis zoo koom thiab tuaj mus rau tsis muaj dab tsi lead.

Lub tawg rau cov kob ntawm apothecary

Thaum Petus Abramovich tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg, nyob rau hauv lub capital tos nws tus mob khaub thuas lub xub pwg. Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1906, ib tug tawg ntawm lub tsev loj twb tau official, qhov twg nws muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua kev txais tos ntawm cov pej xeem. Apothecary kob Rocked los ntawm ib tug haib yoj. Radical Revolutionaries nkag mus hauv lub txais tos ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib nyob rau hauv lub pretext ib lub foob pob thiab tag li. Neeg ua phem nres nqi lub neej ntawm 24 cov neeg. Feem ntau ntawm lawv twb qhua uas tuaj rau Stolypin nrog tus kheej tsis txaus siab. Tsis tas li ntawd tua Penza Governor Sergei Khvostov thiab tus kheej pab Peter Abramovich - Alexander Zamyatin. Ua timkhawv pom thov hais tias nws kaw ib tug minister los ntawm cov tawg.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, phem heev puas tus ntxhais Stolypin. Cov kws kho mob hais tias Natalie yuav tsum tau txiav tes txiav taws rau hauv cov ceg. Leej Txiv ntxias kom lawv laug sij hawm mus lub lag luam. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws tswj kom txuag tau nws ob txhais ceg, tab sis nws tus ntxhais tseem nyob tsis taus. Stolypin nws tus kheej twb tsis raug mob los ntawm cov tawg: nws tsis yog ib tug kos. Bronze inkwell rau nws lub rooj twb smashed tiv thaiv phab ntsa thiab splattered nws.

Tub rog cov tsev hais plaub

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tus nres yog tsis tshua nyuaj. Ob peb hnub tom qab lub tsoom fwv tshaj tawm hais tias nkag tau cov tsev hais plaub-martial nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Lawv muaj cai muab txim lub txim tuag. Qhov no yog txawm ntau lub Haskalah thiab polarized zej zog.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub rooj sib tham, lub Cadet Duma Rodichev nyob rau hauv nws hais lus siv cov kab lus "Stolypin necktie" (ib tug allegory rau lub gallows voj). Qhov no kab lus tau ua yav dhau los (lom zem ntau vim Soviet cov phau ntawv, uas Stolypin phem thiab hu ua ib tug los ntshav reactionary). Lub Prime Minister yog nyob rau ntawm nto moo lub rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv npau taws heev heev tshwm sim los Rodicheva mus rau ib tug duel vim hais tias ntawm lub unbearable kev tsim txom. Tom qab ntawd, tus Thawj Tub Ceev apologized rau nws cov lus.

Tub rog teb raug tau tus kwv uas thuam los ntawm cov txawj ntse. Piv txwv li, suav Leo Tolstoy qhuas los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim sau ib tug naas ej tsab xov xwm, "Kuv yuav tsis yuav ntsiag to!", Uas mercilessly criticized tsoom fwv. Tsis ntev, nruab nrab ntawm tus naas ej txawj sau ntawv thiab tus Prime Minister coj ib tug polemical xov xwm, uas tam sim no yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev sau. Tolstoy twb kev txhawb los ntawm xws li nto moo nuj nqis raws li Alexander BLOK, Leonid Andreev thiab Ilya Repin.

tuag

Tawm tsam qhia rau cov prime minister, txuas ntxiv tom qab rov rau cov kob ntawm apothecary. Cov neeg phem twb tshuav Stolypin. Keeb kwm portrait ntawm tus txiv neej no sawv npaum li cas tom qab ntawd, thiab nyob rau hauv nws lub neej nws twb blamed rau tag nrho cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Cuaj hlis 1, 1911 (Laus Style), Kiev yog qhov chaw ntawm cov xim ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws. Muaj qhib ib tug monument rau Alexander II nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm 50 hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub emancipation ntawm lub peasants. Lub nroog tuaj Stolypin, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg. Distinguished qhua mus rau lub Kiev ua yeeb yam, qhov chaw uas cov kev ua si twb muab tso rau hauv Pushkin lub "Lub taleas ntawm Tsar Saltan".

Tej yam zoo li yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev nyab xeeb kev ntsuas. Security department, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov txheej txheem, ua ntej nws tau txais cov ntaub ntawv uas ib co neeg phem yog npaj lwm nres rau ntawm lub muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg thiab cov prime minister. Qhov no twb qhia los ntawm ib daim card informant Dmitry Bogrov, uas yog ib tug muab ob npaug rau neeg sawv cev ntawm kev pab tshwj xeeb thiab radicals.

Txawm li cas los, cov kev tiv thaiv ua cov neeg tuag taus yuam kev ntawm kev cia siab rau tus tub hluas no. Feem Kawm Poob me nyuam kawm ntawv nws xav ua tam sim ntawd nrog Stolypin. Raws li ib tug informant, nws tau txais ib daim pib mus rau tus yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv nws lub hnab tshos yog ib tug loaded phom. Thaum lub sij hawm intermission Bogrov mus rau Petru Arkadevichu, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm hais lus nrog lub Minister ntawm lub vaj - Fredericks. Cov tub hluas ntxhais tus txiv neej ua ob txhaj tshuaj. Tus thawj mos txwv ntaus hauv lub tes ntawm Stolypin, lub thib ob tawg lawm tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm St. Vladimir rau lub hauv siab thiab ricocheted mus rau lub siab. Rov sai li sai tau seized thiab tua tom qab mus sib hais.

Lub Prime Minister, los ntshav, tus ntoo khaub lig tshaj tus huab tais, uas yog nyob ze, zaum nyob rau hauv nws lub rooj zaum nrog rau cov kab lus "zoo siab los tuag rau lub Tsar", tom qab uas nws raug xa mus rau lub tsev kho mob. Muaj nws nteg rau peb hnub thiab tuag ntawm heev txhab. Keeb kwm portrait ntawm Stolypin ua rau nws paub tseeb - nws yog ib tug radical reformer ntawm lub xeev. Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm nws cov intransigence thiab cia li txiav txim siab nws yog yuav tsum tau tua nyob rau hauv heev heev cov neeg phem, qhov kawg ntawm uas nws twb tau mus tua neeg.

RESPONSIBILITIES kev ntsuam xyuas thiab

Lub Prime Minister tau sim kom txuag tau tus monarchy. Dua li ntawm qhov yooj yim kev sib raug zoo nrog Nicholas II, nws yeej ib txwm nyob loyal rau huab tais. Nws kho tau pib muaj kev cuam tshuam yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab nws tuag. Lub sib ntaus tawm tsam cov neeg phem thiab revolutionaries pacify lub teb chaws. Agrarian kho kom zoo tau enabled lab ntawm cov neeg mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab ua muaj tus kheej kev khwv nyiaj txiag. Lub teb chaws yog sai enriched thiab nyob rau hauv 1913 mus txog nws cov nyiaj txiag ncov. Tsim kev lag luam, muaj zog ua liaj ua teb thiab entrepreneurship. Dua li ntawm qhov ncov qaumteb qabteb kev ntsuam xyuas, nyob rau hauv ib co chaw rau tsoom fwv thiab lub Duma tau kawm mus ua hauj lwm nrog txhua lwm yam.

Ib tug ntawm cov neeg uas ua rau nws tau, muaj pov thawj rau Pyotr Stolypin. Keeb kwm portrait ntawm lub statesman pib los mam ntau tom qab. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub neej tshiab nimno era, nws los ua tseeb tias tag nrho cov ntawm nws kev tau lig rau lub teb chaws.

Tab sis lub Prime Minister lub dag zog twb nyob rau hauv vain. Nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914, lub phaum ntawm Thawj World War. Austria tuaj mus rau hauv tej teeb meem nrog Serbia, uas Russia twb phooj ywg sib raug zoo. Txij li thaum flared slaughter ntawm cov phoojywg thiab central powers. Nws yog tau hais tias Stolypin yuav tau dissuaded tus huab tais ntawm mus ua tsov ua rog, tab sis nws yog tsis ciaj sia. Ntev phiaj los nqis tes coj mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sib raug discontent thiab nws thiaj li mus rau lub kiv puag ncig, uas rhuav tshem cov Tsarist lub xeev. Keeb kwm portrait ntawm P. A. Stolypina raws li ib tug dav hlau tua rog nrog cov radicals twb tainted rau decades. Lub Soviet lub xeev tau pom nyob rau hauv lub muaj koob muaj npe premiere ntawm nws cov yeeb ncuab phem.