Psychotropic tshuaj: hom

Nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob txuam nrog mob ntawm tus tib neeg psyche thiab hloov, thov ib tug uas nws kim heev pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua psychotropic tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd ib co tshuaj, psychotropic zog muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tshuaj uas tej zaum yuav hloov nco qab noj qab nyob zoo tus neeg thiab yuav tsis siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj (dej cawv, yeeb, hallucinogens).

Psychotropic tshuaj: mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim

Lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj rau hauv lub psyche heev ntau haiv neeg. Kis lub ntsiab yog cov nyhuv ntawm psychotropic tshuaj rau ib tug mem tes kis tau tus mob system nyob rau hauv neurons ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv concentration ntawm kev tshuaj - neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, bradykinin, endorphins li al.), Raws li tau zoo raws li cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov metabolism hauv lub kuj muaj ntau ntawm lub hauv paus poob siab system.

Psychotropic tshuaj: kev faib

Raws li cov kev noj tshuaj, cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub siab, muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb pawg. Nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv ntawm tag nrho cov narcotic thiab psychotropic tshuaj muab faib ua:

• cov tshuaj uas tsim kho lub central lub paj hlwb (nootropics);
• sedatives thiab tranquilizers;
• antidepressants;
• neuroleptics.

Nyob rau hauv XX xyoo pua, ib co psychiatrists tau npaj siab mus qhia lwm pab pawg neeg - psychedelic (mind-expanding), tab sis tam sim no cov tshuaj yog dej num raws li hallucinogenic thiab tsis siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum (LSD, mescaline).

Psychotropic tshuaj uas tsim kho lub central lub paj hlwb

Qhov no pab pawg neeg yog siv rau cov kab mob uas yog los ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub hauv paus poob siab system xws li cerebral mob stroke, viral encephalitis, metabolic mob. Cov no muaj xws tshuaj "Piracetam," "Gamma-aminobutyric acid," "Ginkgo biloba".

Sedatives thiab tranquilizers

Cov tshuaj siv rau kev puas hlwb kev ntshawv siab nrog txoj kev xav ntawm kev ntxhov siab vim, thaum tsa tau lub siab lub ntsws excitability (valerian, bromine ntsev npaj "Phenobarbital" nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj). Tranquilizers muaj ntau xim los tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub siab lub ntsws kheej (kev npaj "Sibazon", benzodiazepines).

antidepressants

Cov cuab yeej tso cai rau koj los txo thiab rov qab cov tsos mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab (kev xav ntawm kev nyuaj siab, tag kev cia siab, apathy), uas tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov hom phiaj vim li cas (teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub neej, txhua hnub teeb meem) thiab kev puas hlwb kev ntshawv siab (thawj zaug theem ntawm schizophrenia). Cov no muaj xws tshuaj "Amitriptyline", "glaucine", "Azafen", "Duloxetine".

antipsychotics

Ib qho tseem ceeb sawv cev ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm psychotropic tshuaj yog cov tshuaj "Chlorpromazine", uas yog siv rau psychosis (delusions, nrig txog kev pom thiab hnov hallucinations, nce excitation) rau tshem psychotic cov tsos mob. Qhov no tshuaj yog tseem siv los kho schizophrenia.

Zoo tag nrho cov psychotropic tshuaj hwj chim tshuaj thiab tsis yog siv tau ua yees thiab dependence. Uas yog vim li cas lawv cov dej num raws li cov tshuaj ntawm nruj kev lav paub thiab muaj tsuas los ntawm cov tshuaj. Tom qab nyeem ntawv ib tug encyclopedia, lossis nug koj tus kws kho mob txog psychotropic tshuaj, daim ntawv uas yog muaj rau leej twg, koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav seb koj xav tau ib tug tshuaj mus yuav.