Complex "Armata". Qhov tseeb Lavxias teb sab tank "Armata"

Tank lawm txij thaum lub caij 30-ies yog yeej ib txwm xav nyob rau hauv lub Soviet coj noj coj ua. Lossi lwm xeem tshiab hom ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam yog npaum li cas mus rau kev pab. Tus tsis meej pem yog tej zaum hais. Tom qab lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, nws tau los ua tseeb hais tias cov "zoo" nyob rau hauv lub tank rog yuav tsum tau kiag li abolished.

By lub sij hawm peb creators tau ploj mus ntxiv: peb yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas yog ib tug tseem ceeb sib ntaus sib tua tank (MBT), tab sis rau tag nrho cov modular platform uas nws yuav tsum tau los mus tsim nkaus tshiab hom riam phom uas tsis yog lub widest interchangeability thiab standardization ntawm qhov chaw. Ib qho tseem ceeb kauj ruam ntawm xws li ib tug bold kev txiav txim siab - complex "Armata", lub tsev lag luam uas tus domestic tiv thaiv kev lag luam yog twb tham txij li thaum lub sij hawm immemorial. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no tau ib tug long-term siv yog tseem muaj ib tug txhob (zoo li no).

Thaum nws tag nrho cov pib

Nyob rau hauv 2010, lub Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci tuaj cov xov xwm uas ua hauj lwm rau lub project "Nruas 195" kiag li lawm. Qhov Ministry yog tias lub T-95, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv no los, suab zoo tib yam rau lub T-90 MBT, thiab vim hais tias cov tub rog tsis xav tau ib yam nkaus thiab. Tab sis ua ntej lwm yam designers tau muab neeg ua hauj lwm: yuav tsim tau ib tug kiag li tshiab tank, ua rau sib txawv hauv paus ntsiab lus.

Cov nqe lus uas siv hais tias cov complex "Armata" twb yuav tsum tau npaj txaus rau serial ntau lawm tsis pub dhau 2015.

Yuav ua li cas yog nws tag nrho hais txog?

Cov xov xwm tau feem ntau yuav pom erroneous los - "Armada". Tab sis qhov tseeb lub npe - nws yog "Armata". Yog li ntawd nws hu ua plaub-tiam hnyav tracked platform, txoj kev loj hlob uas yog ntxiv txij thaum 2009 (raws li ib co lus ceeb toom, nws twb pib npaum li cas lawm). Nws yog assumed tias tus yam ntxwv ntawm "Almaty yog" ho siab tshaj cov txawm T-90 nrog tag nrho qhov tseeb kev hloov kho.

Thaum nws puag peb cov tub rog xav tias yuav tsim raws li ib tug tshiab MBT, thiab ib tug nkaus tshiab hnyav IFV (nco ntsoov Ixayees "IDF ACHZARIT"), ib tug hnyav armored neeg muaj, raws li zoo raws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm BRDM, ib tug platform rau nws tus kheej-propelled phom, thiab lwm yam Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub complex "Armata" yog ib tug universal tracked chassis rau cov tub rog tsheb, qhov loj uas yog nruab nrab ntawm 30 thiab 65 tons. Peb qhia rau koj tias America yog ib tug analogue ntawm xws li ib tug kev loj hlob, GCV platform.

Nws yuav tsum hais tias tus tshiab tso tsheb hlau luam T-14, tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub chassis, yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm tsis pub dhau 2015. Raws, cov tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation yuav tsum tau hais txog 2500 T-14 "Armata".

Yuav ua li cas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tub rog mus rau "Almaty yog"

Nws thiaj li tau tshwm sim hais tias tus tso tsheb hlau luam T-90, peb Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci twb tsis tau xav tau. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv no muaj yog ib tug txhaum thiab Uralvagonzavod, uas muaj kev tshaaj obviously inflated nqi rau lawv lub tsheb. Yog li, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tub rog tsis yog ib yam nkaus thiab to taub yog vim li cas tus nqi ntawm domestic tank yog tsuas yog me ntsis cheaper dua cov German "tsov txaij", uas yog npaum li cas hnyav dua lub Lavxias teb sab MBT.

Meanwhile, lub troops ua tau nyob twj ywm li qub niaj hnub tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov T-90 ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho nyob rau hauv peb cov tub rog tsis pub tshaj 500 chav nyob, uas yog kom meej meej tsis txaus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thiaj ntau dua los yog tsawg loj cov tub rog kev hem thawj. Militarily, lub hauj lwm qhuab qhia npaj kom rectify qhov teeb meem no, lossi nrhiav "sib sib zog nqus Modernization" ntawm lub qub T-72.

Tam sim ntawd, peb nco ntsoov tias tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm "Almaty yog" nruj me ntsis pub leejtwg, thiab lub hav zoov ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub cev thiab kom qhov no hnub ua no: xav phem cais tsis ntawm domestic thiab txawv teb chaws cov kws txawj. Txawm li cas los, lub fragmentary ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhib qhov chaw thiab tshuaj ntsuam yuav ua rau cov kev xav pub txaus zuag qhia tag nrho cov tswv yim ntawm lub tsheb tshiab.

Kwv yees li ntawm layout

Peb feem ntau ib zaug dua hais tias lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj uas tus complex "Armata" nyob rau hauv kev tsim - muab nyiaj pab ntau tshaj cov kev cov tshuab. Ntxiv mus, standardization yuav tsum tau thov tsis tau tsuas yog siv riam phom, tab sis kuj raug tshem tawm thiab lwm yam kev siv technology tshiab kev tsim. Txawm lub Americans muaj tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li hais tias nyob rau hauv cov tub rog muaj (nws yog vam hais tias peb yuav ua li cas nws).

Nws nkawd hais tias koj paub raws nraim li cas npaj muaj ob lub ntsiab kev xaiv rau tus layout: nrog rear thiab pem hauv ntej-engine compartment. Raug tshem tawm yog tias yuav tsum tau sau rau rau rinks, poob siab absorbers - ntsuas cua hom kauj iav - differential, hydrostatic kis tau tus mob. Kis - ib tug tag nrho automatic, 12 theem. Feem ntau cov yuav, yuav muaj ib lub sij hawm rau iav hloov nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv hom.

Xyuas-Engine embodiment nyob rau hauv ib tug tank

Ib tug feature ntawm lub tank "Armata" (lub npaj duab no yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv) yuav siv ib tug siab computer tswj system thiab diagnostics. Cias muab, txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm loj kev puas tsuaj xws on-board computer yuav tsum tau qhia nyob qhov twg thiab zoo li cas mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm, dua li tiag ua lub neej yooj yim dua rau tank mechanics.

Ua kom lub survivability ntawm lub tshuab rau lub battlefield

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus tshiab tshuab "Armata" (yees duab yuav pom nyob rau hauv no cov ntaub ntawv uas) yuav tau dramatically nce survivability los ntawm pov tseg zoo li nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj ntsiav, sib nrug los ntawm cov neeg nyob tank compartment. Raws, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib cuag nrog ib tug yeeb ncuab plhaub, los yog ib tug loj zus anti-tank grenades, av ntawm cov mos txwv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau tus tuag ntawm cov neeg coob.

Chiv, lub tswv yim twb pw nyob rau hauv "Nruas 195", kuj hu ua T-95 / T-99. "Armata", txawm, kuj yuav muaj tau muab cov neeg coob nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li cais capsule ntawm tshwj xeeb yog muaj zog alloys. Cov designers muab tso rau hauv lub tsim ntawm no tshuab yog tag nrho tej thaj chaw deb tswj, nyob rau hauv uas lub tankers yuav tsis muaj qhia rau tag nrho cov sab nraum ntawm lub tshuab. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, "Armata" platform yog heev tshwj xeeb. Raws li yog raug ntaus thiab trite raws li nws yuav sound, tab sis analogues txawv teb chaws tsis tau.

Tau hom mos txwv

Cov mos txwv yuav muaj xws li txuj high-heev, thiab tho zoo li tus-charge projectiles. Nws yog assumed hais tias yuav muaj tau ntawm firing guided cuaj luaj "av-av" thiab "av-rau-cua" nrog automatic kev taw qhia.

Ua tau, lub tshiab tank "Armata", ib tug yees duab ntawm cov uas peb yuav muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm, thiab lub tank tsis yog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb - qhov no yog ib tug tag nrho-fledged multi-purpose nruas tshuab uas muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab infantry, tso tsheb hlau luam, artillery thiab txawm tus yeeb ncuab helicopters. Raws, kuj yuav sib ntaus sib tua thiab stormtroopers.

nrhiav kom tau cov cuab yeej

Raws li ib co lus ceeb toom, nyob rau ntawm lub lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yuav luag tib yam li lub radar khoom, raws li nyob rau hauv lub newest fighter jet T-50 Pak. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub tshiab tank "Armata" (yees duab qhia) tau txais radars kev khiav hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Ka-band (26,5-40 GHz), los ntawm kev siv ib tug active phased array (AESA). Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm tshwj xeeb ceramics.

Nta phased kav hlau txais xov

Ntxaij ntoo nws tus kheej muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm hlwb, txhua tus uas yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib microwave transmitter. Tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug caij tsis ua rau ib tug muaj zog txo nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm tus tag nrho system. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li ib kav hlau txais xov muaj lub siab tshaj plaws muaj, yuav ceev nrooj hloov cov kev coj ntawm scan. Nyob rau hauv kev daws teeb meem cov defensive thiab offensive xwm ntawm xws li ib tug radar tsuas yog zoo tagnrho.

Ntau tso dag tso luag, hais tias nws muaj cia li ob qho kev xaiv ntawm kev siv: raws li ib tug complex nrhiav kom tau thiab hluav taws tswj thiab tiv thaiv lawv rau lub active T-14 "Armata". Active kav hlau txais xov yog tau sai sai ntes thiab nrhiav ntau yam lub hom phaj ntev ua ntej lawv tau nce lub tank. Qhov hluav taws kub tswj system yog tau txais zooms rau lawv thiab ua puas nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho autonomous hom.

Nws yog qhia hais tias tus tshiab radar system yuav tsum tau rau ob leeg "xov zoo" mus txog 40 active lub hom phaj. Ib tug daim duab uas yog tsuas luv rau nqe ntaus rog tsheb ntawm txawv teb chaws manufacturers! Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd (raws li tus qub chij T-99), "Armata" yuav tsum tau mus qhia ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 100 km lub hom phiaj uas nws txoj kab uas hla tsis pub tshaj 0.3 m. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv tom ntej ua tiav kev puas tsuaj.

armor nta

Tsis yog tsis muaj ib tug kiag li tshiab armor. Qhov zoo ces, peb tiv thaiv kev lag luam yeej ib txwm muaj zoo muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, yog li ntawd txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab armor tau ua sai li sai tau.

Tiam sis, tus platform "Armata" yuav siv lub armor steel ntawm 44C-kev sib txuas lus-III muaj kev zog yam ntxwv. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsim los ntawm JSC "NII Stali". Nws tseem ceeb feature yog lub tsis tshua muaj neeg uas tsis muaj ceeb thawj. Qhov no yuav tsis tau tsuas yog tsis tus luj ntawm lub tshuab, pib los ua ib tug kuj sib thiab luag tus BMP rau tib platform, tab sis kuj ho ua rau kom qhov ntim ntawm lub sab hauv qhov chaw (loj mos txwv, kev nplij siab coob).

fais fab nroj tsuag

Raws li xws li, 1200 A haib lub cev muaj zog-85-3A yuav siv (diesel, ntawm chav kawm), uas yuav muab tsawg kawg 2000 teev ntawm lub lag luam, lub sij hawm uas lub tank "Armata". Yuav siv Russia thaum kawg mastered rau lub cuab yeej ntawm siv thiab ua cov qub diesel, yog li thov kev pab tsis muaj rau tus German designers. Ntau zog - 1500 l / s. Nws yuav tsum hais tias ua ntej thaum xaus ntawm lub khiav yuav tsum muaj ib tug kho vajtse kev txwv ntawm 1,200 horsepower, uas yuav heev kom tus lub neej ntawm lub cav.

Ua fais fab nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub Chelyabinsk Tsheb Laij Teb Cog. Nyob rau dab tsi lub hauv paus yog tus cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv kev siv nws? Lub fact tias tag nrho cov kev txom nyem ntawm no engine twb tau ua tiav raws li thaum ntxov raws li xyoo 2011, tab sis nws tsis yog siv rau hnub no.

Nws yog ib zajlus kom xav tias hais tias qhov no cav thiab tau txais cov tank "Armata". Zog ntawm Guj kuj, yog hais tias nws yeej tshwm sim, yuav cov thawj coj tsis tau tsuas yog rau zus tau tej cov hnyav armored tsheb, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm tej diesel xyaw rau nws. Qhov no yuav nce rau prestige ntawm peb kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb arena, tau ntau txiav txim los ntawm tus neeg tham lwm buyers.

riam phom

Txij li thaum nyob rau lub sij hawm lub developers tau kom meej meej qhia tau cov rejection uas rab phom caliber 152 hli T-95/99, peb yuav xyuam xim hais tias cov tshiab tank "Armata" yuav tau txais 122-125 hli caliber riam phom. Qhov no yog ib zajlus kom, raws li tshiab mos txwv hom yuav pab tau kom dramatically nce lub hwj chim ntawm rab phom, tsis muaj ua lub zuag qhia tag nrho qhov ntev mus phem proportions.

Raws li ib tug "neeg sib tw" rau lub installation ntawm ib tug pej thuam nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb tshiab yuav suav hais tias ib tug 125-hli phom 2A82, uas yog tsim thiab kuaj nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s. Tom qab tsuas rau xyoo ntawm peb twb muaj lawm ua qauv twb tua ntau tshaj li ob txhiab txhaj tshuaj, yog li ntawd lub ntseeg neeg pab leg ntaubntawv tshiab qauv developers cia li ua tsis tau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev siv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab raug hom kev kawm, nws yog ua tau los txo tus nqi ntawm dispersion ntawm projectiles ib zaug los ntawm 15%. Feem ntau cov yuav, lub zuag qhia tag nrho ntev ntawm rab phom yuav xya meters.

Peb twb hais tias cov tshiab tank "Armata" muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov tshiab cov systems nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab uas yog tseem lub luag hauj lwm rau cov neeg ntawm shooting. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub tshiab MSA lossi synchronizes cov ntaub ntawv tau nrog ballistic computer, uas yuav tsum tau dramatically txhim kho cov neeg ntawm shooting ib tug cia li. Niaj hnub no peb paub tias twb npaj rau ntxiv Modernization ntawm ob rab phom thiab mos txwv rau nws uas twb muaj lawm.

Tus tshiab munition

Muaj pov thawj hais tias Lavxias teb sab tank "Armata" yuav tua projectiles uas tau raug tsim thiab txais cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los no. Twb tau nyob rau tag nrho viav vias lawv ntau lawm, cov neeg sab nrauv zoo li txoj kev viav vias nyob rau hauv lub xeev arsenals, qhov twg tsim ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau reserves. Feem ntau cov yuav, los ntawm lub sij hawm t. "Armata" yuav tsum muab tso rau mus rau kev pab nyob rau hauv lub arsenal yog tag nrho ntawm zoo li rau kev tiag tiag kev sib ntaus los shooting, thiab cob qhia tshiab crews.

tshuab-phom riam phom

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab tau paired 7.62mm PKTM phom uas yog kev cob cog rua rau rab phom. Mov ntawm npaj-rau-siv cartridges - ib txhiab daim. Cov tib tus xov tooj yog nyob rau hauv thawv ntawm spare qhov chaw, uas yog tsau mus rau lub rear ntawm lub tsheb. Tsis tas li ntawd armed 12.7mm phom "Qaum". Rau nws, npaj los siv cov mos txwv yog raws nraim 300 rounds. Cov tib tus xov tooj yog nyob rau hauv tib lub thawv ntawm spare qhov chaw.

active kev tiv thaiv

Lub ntsiab ntawm lub tshiab tank yog CAP "Afghani". Qhov no active kev nyab xeeb system tso cai rau kom nrog anti-tank cuaj luaj thiab grenades, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg luv luv mus (tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 15-20 meters los ntawm lub tsheb). Lub system yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub Kolomna KBM. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nws yuav cuam tshuam cuaj luaj ya rau ib tug ceev ntawm 1700 m / s. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav tej zaum yuav siv ib tug tshwj xeeb explosively tsim penetrator, patented nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Aiming nws rau lub hom phiaj - automatic thiab tsis yuav tsum tau neeg teb xov tooj kabke.

dynamic tiv thaiv

Tus tsim ntawm dynamic tiv thaiv chav tsev yog zoo li ib tug uas twb xub tsim los ntawm JSC "NII Stali". Blocks (tsev) ntsia rau sab ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis yuav tsuas tau them active tshuaj nyob rau hauv ua ntej ntawm kev koom tes (los yog txaus ntshai thereof). Pub tsam "Almaty twb 'yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm standard grating cov ntxaij vab tshaus.