South Ural Reserve (duab)

Sab qaum teb Ural Reserve yog ib qho chaw uas ib tug neeg twg xav paub txog yam khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias Federation yuav tsum tuaj xyuas. Thiab qhov no yog pom zoo tsis tsuas yog rau cov qhua los ntawm nyob ze thiab nyob deb mus txawv teb chaws, tab sis kuj rau cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws. Vim li cas? Qhov no yog qhov uas qee zaum, yug los yog nyob ze qhov chaw zoo, peb tsis paub sijhawm kom paub zoo dua.

Nyob rau hauv South Ural Reserve nws yog tsim nyog mus txhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo. Txhua lub sij hawm nws zoo nkauj heev thiab nws tus kheej txoj kev. Thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoo, lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg hnub no koj tuaj yeem so ntawm cov ntoo thiab tshuaj ntsuab, nqus cov cua tshiab, sau, nyob ntawm lub caij, paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog nceb. Tab sis nyob rau lub caij ntuj no South Urals State Nature Reserve hloov mus rau hauv ib qho tiag paradise rau cov neeg uas nyiam mus skiing, ua si snowballs los yog ua ib tug loj loj snowman.

Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yog qhia txog kev qhia txog ib qho chaw zoo heev, nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Sab qaum teb Ural Reserve yeej muaj lub koob npe nrov ua qhov chaw ua si rau cov neeg hauv zos. Tab sis cov qhua los ntawm abroad, hmoov tsis, tsis yog li feem ntau ntawm no, txawm hais tias cov neeg uas muaj hmoo txaus los mus saib ntawm no, raws li ib txoj cai, coj nrog lawv tsev tsis tsuas cov duab zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj zoo kawg thiab nco.

Qhov chaw zoo

South Ural Reserve, ib daim duab uas muaj peev xwm pom muaj nyob hauv yuav luag txhua phau ntawv qhia txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm peb lub teb chaws, nyob rau ib thaj tsam ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm Bashkortostan (90 feem pua ntawm thaj av Beloretsk) thiab thaj tsam Chelyabinsk.

Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg hais tias nyob rau hauv Katav-Ivanovo cheeb tsam ntawm lub tshwj tseg nrog ib cheeb tsam ntawm ntau tshaj 24 txhiab hectares, uas yog nyob rau hauv Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam, yog lub feem ntau high-mountainous thiab picturesque cheeb tsam ntawm Southern Urals.

Roob chains puag ncig lub tiaj ua si

Sab qaum teb hauv Ural lub teb chaws muaj nyob rau qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab tib lub sij hawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib sab qaum teb hauv Urals. Cov ridges Mashak, Nara, Zigalga, Kumardak thiab Yamantau Massif form lub roob siab tshaj plaws nrog lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1639 m tshaj li ntawm cov dej hiav txwv. Nruab hnub poob hauv qab no yog sawv cev los ntawm cov nce toj hauv tag nrho lub Tuam Tsev Qhuav (Zoo siab, Hloov, Sal, Placer).

Ib txoj saw yog tsim los ntawm Mashak Range thiab Yamantau Massif.

Rivers thiab dej systems

Hauv lub zeem cia, cov txheej txheem dej kuj nkag mus rau hauv lub pas dej. Dawb. Tag nrho cov dej ntws ntawm no tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau qeb ntawm cov dej me, vim tias lawv ntev npaum li tsawg dua 100 km. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Cov Me Nyuam Hauv Me thiab Loj, Tulmen, Yuryuzan thiab Robe.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, muaj 13 tus dej ntau 10-19 km ntev dua. Tag nrho cov me me ntws thiab rivulets ncav ib tug xov tooj loj ntawm 300 pcs.

Feem ntau ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm lub zeem cia muaj dej, thiab cov dej loj tshaj plaws yog qhov p. Lub tulle. Lub caij ntuj sov-lub caij nplooj zeeg lub caij nyoog muaj tshwm sim hauv lub Rau Hli Ntuj-Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj, tab sis nws tsis tu ncua los ntawm dej nyab.

Cov dej ntws hauv lub zeem cia yog khov, raws li txoj cai, thaum pib ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis. Ledostav feem ntau tau khaws cia kom txog rau thaum xyoo kaum ob ntawm lub Plaub Hlis.

Tab sis qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov dej raug kaw hauv lub yim hli ntuj no.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub zeem cia

Nyob ib ncig ntawm nruab nrab ntawm XVIII caug xyoo. Qhov chaw uas muaj nyob rau sab qab teb Ural Reserve yog tam sim no tau pom tias tsis zoo tsim.

Piv txwv, saib hauv phau ntawv qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm cheeb tsam, koj tuaj yeem paub tias los ntawm 1795 tau tsa peb lub zos me me - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo thiab Ilmyashevo.

Cov neeg ntawm no nyob rau hauv XVIII-XIX caug xyoo. Sib koom ua tsuas yog nyob rau hauv semi-nomadic nyuj yug me nyuam, thiab tej zaum kuj nyob rau hauv beekeeping. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias mus rau hnub no nyob rau hauv lub khaws cia khaws kev mus kev.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVIII. Qhov kev sibtham tsuas yog ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Koog Qaumteb pib: Cov hlau nplaum tau ua nyob rau ntawm lub ciam teb ntawm lub zog. Loj-loj, qee zaum tsis muaj nqis, thiab yog li ua txhaum logging ntawm lub hav zoov pib. Siv cov kev faib Lub hluav ncaig furnaces kuj yuav tsum tau ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov kev pab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlau txhab nyiaj tau nqa tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub zeem cia.

Nyob rau hauv 1924, qhov zoo rau qhov chaw, cov nroj tsuag tau nres, ces kaw, thiab kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam hav zoov.

Flora ntawm South Ural Reserve

Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm no natural tiaj ua si muaj 698 tsiaj ntawm ntau nroj tsuag, 121 tsiaj ntawm nceb, ntau mosses, av algae, lichens.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias ntau ntawm lawv muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Loj ntawm Xeev, thiab 57 hom yog tiag tiag kev cuam tshuam ntawm yav dhau los geological epochs.

Forests nyob rau hauv lub zeem tuav 90% ntawm qhov chaw, thaum lub voj voog tseem ceeb ntawm cov hav zoov yog cov kab ntsig (4 hom) thiab cov ntoo txiav (10 hom).

32% ntawm lub zeem cia cheeb tsam no yog nyob los ntawm cov coniferous spruce-fir forests, qhov twg nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho fir thiab Siberian spruce. Lub teeb pom kev hauv hav zoov raug tsim, raws li txoj cai, Pine thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub zeem cia, uas, hmoov tsis, feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsis raug cai txiav.

Pom nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia thiab me me arrays nrog ib tug predominance ntawm grey Alder, linden serdtselistnoy, English ntoo qhib, Maple, birch thiab muag muag winding, txawv willow, noog lws suav.

South Ural Reserve. Cov tsiaj txhu thiab noog

Lub zog muaj 50 hom tsiaj, 260 - vertebrates, 20 - ntses, 189 noog, thiab 5 hom tsiaj reptiles thiab amphibians.

Fauna ntawm cov tsiaj txhu feem ntau yog los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv hav zoov, tab sis kuj muaj ob hom kab yees - American mink thiab muskrat.

Ungulates feem ntau yog cov niag ploj. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsiaj no tsuas yog 400-700 cov neeg, uas tsis yog li ntawd, raws li nws yuav zoo li tom ntej glance.

Los ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, taug kev taug kev tom hav zoov thiab cov nyom, koj tuaj yeem ntsib roe mos lwj thiab qus npua teb. Lossi South Ural cia inhabits 13 hom ntawm predatory tsiaj, nrog rau cov xim av dais, txhua, hma, hma liab, lynx, marten, weasel, ermine thiab lwm tus neeg.

Muaj kuj disappearing nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej dej ntshuab. Tus cwj pwm zoo thiab haum cov pej xeem ntawm qhov chaw ua si no tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog ib qho phem thiab hai-hare.

Tsis pub dhau thaj chaw ntawm lub zeem cia muaj 19 hom kab tsuag, ntawm lawv feem ntau yog cov protein, chipmunk, beaver, nas thiab voles. Ib hom kab mob tsawg heev yog, kab tias, ib tus nas ncuav ya. Insectivores yog tuaj ntawm no nyob rau hauv yim hom, feem ntau yog hom khaub thuas thiab mole, shrews, thiab lwm tus.

Rau hnub tim, raws nraim 189 hom noog nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia. Los ntawm txoj kev, 11 ntawm lawv tau ntev uas muaj npe raws li sim nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws: lub Peregrine ua liaj, dub stork, golden dav dawb hau, gus Red-, nab dav dawb hau, ntau dua dawb vog dav dawb hau, dawb-tailed dav dawb hau, dav dawb hau, liaj, Oystercatcher, shrike.

Lub fauna ntawm cov noog feem ntau yog cov noog hav zoov, feem ntau yog cov cua kub zom thiab ntoo ntoo.

Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ua qhov kev ua si hauv kev tiv thaiv xwm txheej?

Qhov teeb meem no tsim nyog yuav tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas, yog li ntawd nws tsim nyog muab ib qho lus teb kom ntxaws. Dab tsi yog qhov xav tau rau qhov chaw, yog tias nws muaj, ntawm chav kawm?

Qhov tshaj plaws yog hais tias South Ural Nature Reserve ntawm Russia tau tsim nyob rau hauv thiaj li khaws cia lub ntuj complexes ntawm South Urals nyob rau hauv nws ntuj natural, primordial daim ntawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws txhawj xeeb ntse ntse spruce-fir forests. Tsis tshua muaj hom kab mob hauv zos, fauna, ntuj marshes, cog qoob loo cog qoob loo - txhua yam no yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau yav tom ntej thiab rau txiaj ntsim ntawm peb cov Vatican.

Cov ntsiab lus nthuav

Sib tham txog qhov chaw ua si no, peb tuaj yeem tsis hais txog ob peb yam ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm.

Piv txwv li, tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm qhov cia yog 270 km. Qhov chaw uas zoo tshaj plaws no yeej tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Sab hnub poob ntawm lub zeem cia yog sab xis ntawm tus dej. Yamashta, r. Tulmen thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab sab hnub tuaj ntawm qhov chaw hu ua Dry Mountains. Lub qaum qaum teb yog tib yam li cov Republican ciam teb, uas yog li 40 km.

Lub zeem cia yog nyob rau hauv siab tshaj plaws nyob rau yav qab teb ntawm Urals. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv nws thaj chaw, muaj ib zaug tsim tshwj xeeb kev sib haum rau cov neeg raug tsim txom thiab ib qho chaw pw hav zoov rau kev ua si hauv German.