Grigory Pechorin thiab lwm yam heroes ntawm tus tsom xam. "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" Lermontov tshiab

Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova - kws sau paj lug thiab novelist - feem ntau yog muab piv rau Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym. Yog nws muaj kev huam yuaj, xws li ib tug sib piv no? Tsis tag nrho, cov ob luminaries tau cim lawv creativity golden hnub nyoog ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Lawv yog cov ob kev txhawj xeeb nrog rau lo lus nug: "Leej twg yog cov uas lawv: tus heroes ntawm peb lub sij hawm" A nyuag tsom xam yuav pom zoo, yuav tsis tau mus teb no conceptual lo lus nug, uas sim kom huv si to taub lub classics.

Tu siab, thaum ntxov lub mos txwv twb lub neej ntawm cov txawj ntse neeg. Hmoo? Ob leeg twb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm nws lub sij hawm, muab faib ua ob qhov chaw: ua ntej thiab tom qab lub uprising ntawm Senate Square. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, raws li koj paub, critics piv Pushkin lub Onegin thiab Pechorin Lermontov, uas qhia cov txawj nyeem ntawv ib tug sib piv tsom xam ntawm lub cim. "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm", txawm li cas los, yog sau tom qab kev tuag ntawm Pushkin.

Duab Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina

Analysis ntawm lub "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" tshiab kom meej meej txhais nws protagonist, txoj kev ua rau tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg rau ntawm phau ntawv. Mikhail tso tawm nyob rau hauv nws cov educated hluas nobleman postdekabristskoy era - tus neeg cuam tshuam tsis ntseeg - uas tsis dais ib tug zoo, tsis ntseeg nyob rau hauv dab tsi, nws tsis hlawv lub qhov muag nrog kev zoo siab. Hmoo yog Pechorina li dej caij nplooj zeeg nplooj ntawm neeg tuag taus trajectory. Nws ua hauj lwm "... chasing tom qab lub neej", tab tom nrhiav rau "qhov txhia chaw". Txawm li cas los, lub noble tswvyim ntawm yawm muaj ntau ua li cas nrog self-interest, tab sis tsis nrog decency.

Pechorin'd muaj kev zoo siab muaj kev ntseeg, kuv tau mus rau lub Caucasus - mus sib ntaus sib tua. Nws yog ib tug natural puas hlwb muaj zog. Belinsky, piav txog qhov no ua cim, hais tias nws yog tsis hluas, tiam sis tseem tsis tau pom ib tug paub tab cwj pwm ntawm lub neej. Nws rushes los ntawm ib tug taug txuj kev nyuaj rau lwm tus, painfully xav mus nrhiav "puab tub ntxhais", tab sis nws tsis tau zoo. Yuav nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ua yeeb yam, cov neeg no yuav tuag. Thiab nws nqa rau, raws li cov Giro Jew, Ahaxu-ela. Yog hais tias Pushkin tus duab ntawm Onegin, lub ntsiab yog lo lus "laj" yog to taub yam lermontovskogoPechorina tseem ceeb yog lo lus "txom nyem".

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tus tshiab

Thaum xub thawj, cov zajlus ntawm tus tshiab los ua rau tus sau, tus tub ceevxwm xa mus los ntawm lub qhuab qhia rau lub Caucasus, nrog rau cov qub tub rog, dhau lub Caucasian tsov ua rog, tab sis tam sim no intendant Maksimom Maksimovichem. Unworldly, scorched nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua, qhov no tus txiv neej tsim nyog ntawm tag nrho cov kev hwm, thawj, Lermontov txoj kev npaj, pib lub tsom xam ntawm lub cim. Lub hero ntawm peb lub sij hawm - nws tus phooj ywg. Sau ntawm tus tshiab (rau nws sawv cev lub cev) qhia zaj dab neeg txog Maksim Maksimovich "zoo me me" nees nkaum-tsib chij Grigorii Alekseeviche Pechorin, yav tas los lug txhawb cov miv ntawm lub cev. Tus thawj yuav tsum tau zaj dab neeg "Bella".

Pechorin, resorting rau kev pab los ntawm nws tus tij laug Highland Princess Azamat, steals tus hluas nkauj tus txiv. Ces nws tau dhuav nrog nws, lub temptation rau cov poj niam. Vim nws yog xam Azamat kub nees horseman Kazbich leej twg, enraged rau Evermore, tua cov neeg pluag hluas nkauj. Kws txuj ci dag evolves mus rau hauv ib tug xwm txheej no.

Maksim Maksimovich, yuav tau nco qab lub qub, zoo siab thiab tes laug interlocutor Pechorin sab laug camp chaw muag mis nyuj. Cov nram qab no tshooj ntawm tus tshiab yog cais lub sijhawm uas nws Pechorin lub neej.

Novella "Taman" theem Petchorin smugglers: agile raws li ib tug miv, hluas nkauj, me nyuam tub thiab psevdoslepym "earner smuggling" neeg tsav nkoj Janko. Lermontov hais no romantic, artistic thiab ua kom tiav tsom xam ntawm lub cim. "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" no qhia peb mus rau lub uncomplicated smuggled nuv ntses: Janko crosses loaded nrog lub hiav txwv, thiab nws muag cov hlaws dai, brocade ribbons. Ntshai hais tias Gregory yuav qhib lawv lub tub ceev xwm, nws ua ntej nws mus poob dej tuag nws, xa me nyuam rov los ntawm ib lub nkoj. Tab sis thaum nws tsis, nws Janko ua luam dej. Tus tub yog sab laug begging txom nyem.

Cov nram qab no snippet Chaw muag mis nyuj - zaj dab neeg "Ntxhais fuabtais Mary". Bored Petchorin kho tom qab raug mob nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk. Ntawm no nws befriends ib cadet Grushnitski, Dr. Werner. Uas ploj lawm, Gregory pom tus kwv uas pab koj tu siab - Princess Mary. Nws rests nyob ntawm no nrog nws niam - Princess Ligovsky. Tab sis tus npaj txhij txog tshwm sim - nyob rau hauv Pyatigorsk tuaj ib tug ntev pab koj tu siab Pechorin, Vera sib yuav poj niam, nrog rau nws laus tus txiv. Vera thiab Gregory txiav txim siab kom tau raws li nyob rau hauv ib hnub. Lawv kawm tau ntawv zoo vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov kev zoo siab, tag nrho lub zos nyob rau hauv lub sawv cev ntawm ib tug mus xyuas txawj ua yees siv.

Tab sis Juncker Grushnitski kam kom hais nruab nrab thiab Pechorin thiab ntxhais fuabtais Mary, ntseeg hais tias nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv hnub, raws li cov ntsiab hero ntawm tus tshiab, los ntawm enlisting cov dragoon tub ceev xwm. Tsis muaj ib tug twb ntes tau, thiab cadet ntawm dragoons kis lus xaiv. Petchorin "rau noble tswv yim" ua Grushnitsky duel qhov twg nws tua, lub thib ob koob tshuaj.

Nrog psevdoporyadochnostyu cov tub ceev xwm no qhia peb txog tus tsom xam ntawm Lermontov heroes. hero ntawm peb lub sij hawm yog frustrating sneaky npaj Grushnitsky. Chiv, rab phom, muab Pechorin yog uncharged. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, xaiv cov mob - tua los ntawm rau cov kauj ruam Junker paub hais tias tua Grigory. Tab sis nws tiv thaiv tau tus excitement. Los ntawm txoj kev, Pechorin npaj tus nrog sib ntaus rau nws lub neej, tab sis nws demanded ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv.

Vera tus txiv twv dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem, thiab yoojyim nws tus poj niam Pyatigorsk. Ib tug ntxhais fuabtais Ligovskoy foom koob hmoov rau nws lub neej rau Mary, tab sis Pechorin thiab tsis xav txog svdbe.

Nkaus-packed zaj dabneeg, "fatalist" theem Pechorin nrog Lieutenant Vulic nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm lwm tub ceev xwm. Nws tso siab tau ntawm nws yawg koob hmoov thiab nyob rau hauv tsis sib haum, hais tsis sib haum rhuab philosophical thiab wine ua nyob rau hauv lub "Hussar roulette." Thiab cov yaj phom tsis ua ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv. Tab sis Pechorin lub xeev uas twb pom nyob rau hauv cov lieutenant lub ntsej muag, "ib tug kos npe rau ntawm txoj kev tuag." Uas yog tiag tiag pointless thiab tuag, rov qab mus rau lub tos.

xaus

Qhov twg puas tau tus XIX xyoo pua "Pechorin" nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab? Qhov twg puas tau tus idealism ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas?

Cov lus teb yog yooj yim. 30s cim ib lub sij hawm ntawm kev ntshai, kev tsuj ntawm hnyav ntu III (txoj cai) gendarme tub ceev xwm. Yug los ntawm cov kev ntshai ntawm Nicholas kuv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tau ntawm ib tug remake ntawm lub Decembrist uprising, nws yog "ib tug denunciation ntawm txhua yam", censor, censorship, muaj feem uas nws kim heev powers.

Cia Siab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nom tswv system ntawm cov haiv neeg ua sedition. Dreamers lub npe hu ua "troublemakers". Cov neeg ua ub no aroused lub sijhawm twg los lub rooj sib tham - tsuj. Nws yog lub sij hawm mus denunciations thiab arrests. Cov neeg ua ntshai muaj phooj ywg, mus cia siab rau lawv nrog lawv cov kev xav thiab kev npau suav. Lawv ua individualistic thiab nyob rau hauv pechorinski sim painfully muaj txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv koj tus kheej.