Methyl cawv

Methyl haus cawv (los yog methanol) yog ib tug tsis muaj kob kua. Nws yog yooj yim miscible nrog dej thiab ntau yam kuab tshuaj muaj ib tug organic hauv paus. Lub saj thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm methyl haus cawv (CH3OH mis) muaj yuav luag tsis muaj qhov sib txawv los ntawm ethyl, tab sis nws yog ib yam tshuaj lom thiab yuav ua rau mob loj heev lom. Methanol muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kub point. Nws yog 64,5 degrees Celsius. Thaum hlawv no cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ib tug daj ntseg xiav xim ntawm cov nplaim taws thiab tsis muaj haus luam yeeb.

Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso tej yam kev mob, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus nrhiav methanol nyob rau hauv free daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, muaj tsuas yog methyl cawv derivatives, uas yog ester roj thiab tshuaj. Lawv yog cov ubiquitous. Anthranilic acid methyl ester yog muaj nyob rau hauv jasmine roj thiab salicylic - nyob rau hauv wintergreen roj. Derivatives ntawm methanol pom nyob rau hauv alkaloids, tej yam ntuj tso dyes, etc.

Yav tas los muab cov methanol ua thaum lub sij hawm ib tug qhuav distillation txheej txheem, ntoo raw khoom. Niaj hnub nimno muaj manufacturers siv hluavtaws txoj kev.

Methyl cawv yog dav siv raws li ib tug hnyav rau cov xim tsev thiab varnishes. Nws yog siv raws li ib tug pib tug neeg yuav tsim formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, thiab lwm yam sib txuas los ntawm cov tshuaj txhais tau tias. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib tug ntawm dej ntsuab Cheebtsam thiab yog siv rau cov denaturing ethyl cawv.

Methanol yog ib yam tshuaj lom, uas siv rau cov vascular thiab tshee systems. Lub toxicity ntawm lub substance vim nws oxidation thaum noj thiab hloov dua siab tshiab rau lub neej-tuag formaldehyde.

Methyl cawv lom uas yuav tshwm sim tom qab tau txais tsib mus rau kaum milliliters ua dig muag nyob rau hauv tib neeg. A koob tshaj peb caug grams, yog feem ntau qhov ua rau ntawm kev tuag, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pa system, mob ntsws edema los yog lub hlwb thiab uremia los yog lub cev qhuav dej. Cov tsos mob ntawm me me methanol lom tej zaum yuav tshwm sim:

• mob taub hau;
• general malaise;
• tsis muaj zog;
• xeev siab;
• ua daus no;
• ntuav.

Yog li, cov kev kho mob uas muaj feem yuav tsis yog tsuas yog methyl cawv nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv no, tab sis kuj yog ib tug sib tov nyob rau hauv uas lub methanol cov ntsiab lus no yog me me. Tau txais daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tshuaj lom tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev yuav muab qhov chaw tsis tsuas yog los ntawm cov digestive system. cawv khub txeem lub ntsws. Methanol nyob rau hauv me nqi yog tau txeem mus rau hauv lub cev thiab ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Methyl cawv nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws no yog siv raws li ib tug denaturant rau ethanol caij. Cov uas ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tshuaj yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub naj hoom kev lag luam. Lavxias teb sab cai txwv tsis pub siv cov methanol nyob rau hauv cov khoom npaj rau loj noj.

Methyl cawv yog nws siv li ib nrab rau synthesizing lub ib thooj ntawm cov muaj tshuaj ua lag luam. Nyob rau nws cov hauv paus lub polymers ua, thiab ntau yam organic tshuaj. Methanol yog dav siv raws li ib tug neeg sawv cev rau qhov kev npaj ntawm cov hom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab.

Methyl cawv yog ib tug raw khoom rau cov methylamine, pentaerythritol, thiab hexamine. Nws siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm polyvinylchloride, ion pauv thiab urea resins, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua photographic zaj duab xis. Tsis muaj tus methanol tsis tau ua ammonia nroj tsuag. Methyl cawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kws nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov tshuaj. Qhov no kua yuav siv tau raws li cov roj nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag, yuav tsum tau ib tug muaj kev hloov rau roj av tsheb. Tsis muaj tus methanol yog tsis ua acetic acid thiab hluavtaws roj hmab. Qhov no tshuaj kuj pom nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab cov roj thiab cov nkev complex khoom.